Southern Railway Company v. John Allison
| Citation | 23 S.Ct. 713,190 U.S. 326,47 L.Ed. 1078 |
| Decision Date | 18 May 1903 |
| Docket Number | No. 232,232 |
| Parties | SOUTHERN RAILWAY COMPANY, Plff. in Err. , v. JOHN H. ALLISON |
| Court | United States Supreme Court |
The supreme court of the state of North Carolina affirmed a judgment against the railway company, which was entered on a verdict of a jury upon a trial in the state court, and the railway company has brought the case here by writ of error.
The plaintiff below brought his action in the state court against the railway company to recover damages suffered by reason of the alleged negligence of the defendant. The defendant answered, and averred that it was a corporation created and organized under the laws of the state of Virginia; it denied the various allegations of the complaint as to its negligence and as to the damages suffered by the plaintiff, and also set up as a defense plaintiff's contributory negligence. After answer and under the provisions of the 2d section of the act of Congress, chapter 866, approved August 13, 1888 (25 Stat. at L. 433),1 the defendant, alleging that it was a corporation created under the laws of Virginia, submitted a petition to the United States circuit court in North Carolina, for States circuit court in North Carolina, for the removal of the case from the state to the United States court, and the ground for removal, as stated in the petition, was because of 'prejudice or local influence' to such an extent that it would 'not be able to obtain justice in such state court, or in any other state court to which the said defendant may, under the laws of the state, have the right, on account of such prejudice or local influence, to remove said cause.' The petition was supported by an affidavit that set up facts from which the court might find that defendant could not obtain justice in the state court.
The circuit court decided that the proof submitted to it was sufficient; that defendant was a citizen of Virginia, and that it could not, on account of local prejudice and influence, obtain a fair trial in the state court, and it, therefore, ordered the removal of the cause to the United States circuit court for the western district of North Carolina. The court also ordered that its clerk should certify to the state court the order of removal, 'together with copies of the petition, bond, and affidavit, to the end that the state court may be advised of the action of this court and of its order of removal, and to the further end that the said state court may proceed no further with the said suit or action, and to the end also that the said state court may direct the clerk of the superior court of the county of McDowell to make a full and complete transcript of the record of said action and to certify the same to this court for trial.'
Upon the filing of this order in the state court that court declined to grant the motion to surrender jurisdiction, holding that the case could not be legally removed to the circuit court of the United States, and it made the following order:
'In this case it appears to the court that the circuit court of the United States has caused an order for the removal of the case to the circuit court of the United States, upon petition setting forth that the defendant is a nonresident of the state of North Carolina; and it further appearing to the court, by
1 U. S. Comp. St. 1901, p. 509 the admission of defendant, through its counsel, that the defendant has complied with the terms of the act of the legislature of the state of North Carolina, being chapter 62 of the acts of the general assembly of North Carolina at its session of 1899: It is thereupon considered by the court that the defendant is a corporation of this state by virtue of said act, and that it is not entitled to remove this cause to the Federal court. It is further considered by the court that the courts of the state of North Carolina have jurisdiction of this cause, and this court declines to surrender jurisdiction thereof. It is ordered by the court that a copy of this order be sent to the clerk of said circuit court of the United States by the clerk of this court.'
The act of the legislature of North Carolina, referred to in the foregoing order, is set forth in full in the margin.
(Chapter 62, Public Acts of 1899.)
The General Assembly of North Carolina do enact:
Sec. 1. That every telegraph, telephone, express, insurance, steamboat, and railroad company incorporated, created, and organized under and by virtue of the laws of any state or government other than that of North Carolina, desiring to own property or to carry on business, or to exercise any corporate franchise whatsoever in this state, shall become a domestic corporation of the state of North Carolina by filing in the office of the secretary of state a copy of its charter, duly authenticated in the manner directed rected by law for the authentication of statutes of the state or country under the laws of which such company or corporation is chartered and organized, and a copy of its by-laws duly authenticated by the oath of its secretary. Such corporation shall pay therefor to the secretary of state, to be turned over by him into the state treasury, such fees as are or may be required by law.
Sec. 2. That if any such charter or by-laws, or any part thereof, filed in the office of the Secretary of State, shall be in contravention or violation of the laws of this state, such charter or by-laws, or such part thereof as are in conflict with the laws of this state, shall be null and void in this state.
Sec. 3. That when any such corporation shall have complied with the provisions of this act above set out it shall thereupon immediately become a corporation of this state, and shall enjoy the rights and privileges and be subject to the liability of corporations of this state the same as if such corporation had been originally created by the laws of this state. It may sue and be sued in all the courts in this state as fully as if such corporation were originally created under the laws of the state of North Carolina.
Sec. 4. That on and after the 1st day of June, 1899 It was admitted that defendant had complied with the terms of the act before the cause of action set out in the complaint of plaintiff had accrued.
When the case was thereafter called for trial in the state court a motion was again made to dismiss the same from that court because of the removal to the United States circuit court. The motion was again denied, and an exception taken by the defendant. The case was then tried in the state court, and resulted in a verdict for the plaintiff, upon which judgment was entered, and exception taken to the verdict and to the entry of judgment. Defendant appealed from the judgment to the supreme court of the state of North Carolina, and assigned as error, among other things, the refusal of the trial court to recognize the removal, and its trial of the cause after it had been legally removed to the Federal court. The supreme court of North Carolina affirmed the judgment (129 N. C. 336, 40 S. E. 91), and decided against the right claimed by defendant to a removal of the cause under the statute of the United States above referred to.
Messrs. W. A. Henderson, F. H. Busbee, and Charles Price for plaintiff in error.
Messrs. E. J. Justice and J. C. Pritchard for defendant in error.
Mr. Justice Peckham, after making the foregoing statement of facts, delivered the opinion of the court:
The state court refused to recognize the validity of the order of removal of this case to the Federal court solely because of the state statute, and because of the admitted compliance of defendant with its provisions. It held that by complying with the statute the defendant became a citizen of North Carolina, so far, at least, as to prevent it applying for removal as a citizen of another state. We, therefore, assume the sufficiency of the facts to warrant the decision of the circuit court of the United States removing the case to that court, provided the defendant company was a citizen of Virginia and did not become a citizen of North Carolina by virtue of its compliance with the state statute.
The ruling of the state court, by which it proceeded to judg- ment in the case notwithstanding the order of removal to the Federal court, is reviewable here under § 709, Revised Statutes (U. S. Comp. Stat. 1901, p. 575). Stone v. South Carolina, 117 U. S. 430, 29 L. ed. 962, 6 Sup. Ct. Rep. 799; Missouri P. R. Co. v. Fitzgerald, 160 U. S. 556, 40 L. ed. 536, 16 Sup. Ct. Rep. 389.
Two propositions were argued at the bar: (1) Whether the state court had the right to pass upon the question of the validity of the order of the circuit court of the United States removing the case to that court. (2) Did the defendant company, which was originally incorporated in the state of Virginia, have the right, as a citizen of Virginia, to remove the case into the Federal court, notwithstanding the defendant company had complied with the statute of North Carolina, which declared that upon doing the things therein mentioned the defendant became a domestic corporation of North Carolina?
In the view we take of this case, it is unnecessary to dwell upon the first of these questions. We therefore address ourselves to the second.
The statute of North Carolina provides, in substance, that a railroad company incorporated under the laws of any state or government, other than North Carolina, which desires to own property or carry on business, or to exercise any corporate franchises within that state, shall become a domestic corporation of the state of North Carolina 'by filing in the office of the secretary of state a copy of its charter, duly authenticated in the manner directed by law for the authentication of statutes of the state or country under the laws of which such company or corporation is chartered or organized, and a copy of its by-laws duly authenticated by the oath of its secretary.' Section 3 of the act provides:
...
To continue reading
Request your trial
-
Gavin v. Hudson & Manhattan R. Co.
...8 Cir., 1895, 69 F. 753, 758-59. But courts which have been faced with the problem have held it immaterial. Southern Ry. v. Allison, 1903, 190 U.S. 326, 23 S.Ct. 713, 47 L.Ed. 1073; Boston & M. R. R. v. Breslin, 1 Cir., 1935, 80 F.2d 749, certiorari denied, 1936, 297 U.S. 715, 56 S.Ct. 590,......
-
Town of Bethel v. Atlantic Coast Line R. Co.
...as is indicated in St. Louis & San F. Railway Co. v. James, 161 U.S. 545, 16 S. Ct. 621, 40 L.Ed. 802, and Southern Railway Co. v. Allison, 190 U.S. 326, 23 S.Ct. 713, 47 L.Ed. 1078; and these questions may arise not only in suits against but in suits by the corporation, when it becomes imp......
-
Lewis v. Manufacturers Casualty Ins. Co.
...filed, so far as to affect the jurisdiction of the Federal courts upon a question of diverse citizenship." Southern R. Co. v. Allison, 190 U.S. 326, 23 S.Ct. 713, 717, 47 L.Ed. 1078. Defendant was organized under the laws of Pennsylvania; it is a citizen of Pennsylvania. Plaintiffs are all ......
-
Southern Ry. Co. v. Query
...it of the right to invoke the jurisdiction of the federal courts on the ground of diversity of citizenship. Southern R. Co. v. Allison, 190 U. S. 326, 23 S. Ct. 713, 47 L. Ed. 1078; Wilson v. Southern R. Co., 64 S. C. 162, 36 S. E. 701, 41 S. E. 971; Calvert v. Southern R. Co., 64 S. C. 139......