In re Marriage of Winsky, 100,327.

Citation208 P.3d 355
Decision Date05 June 2009
Docket NumberNo. 100,327.,100,327.
PartiesIn the Matter of the MARRIAGE OF Amanda WINSKY, Appellee, and Steven Winsky, Appellant.
CourtCourt of Appeals of Kansas

Craig E. Cole, of Garnett, for appellant.

Monte L. Miller, of Emporia, for appellee.

Before CAPLINGER, P.J., BUSER, J., and BUKATY, S.J.

BUKATY, J.

Steven and Amanda Winsky are the divorced parents of three children. During the relevant time period, Amanda had residential custody and Steven paid child support. When the oldest child reached 18, Steven obtained an order reducing his support obligation by 1/3. Amanda moved to set aside that order and have support for the remaining minor children calculated according to the Kansas Child Support Guidelines (KCSG). Steven objected but then argued at the same time that he should have benefit of the Multiple-Family Application (MFA) in the KCSG since he had children from a subsequent marriage. The district court sustained Amanda's motion and ordered that support be recalculated under the KCSG but without the MFA as Steven requested. Steven appeals the disallowance of the MFA.

This appeal presents us with the issue of whether Amanda's action in moving to set aside the child support order that reduced Steven's support obligation by 1/3 amounted to her seeking an increase in support that would then allow Steven the advantage of the MFA. We conclude that Amanda had, in essence, sought an increase in support and the district court erred in ruling otherwise and in denying Steven the benefit of the MFA. We reverse and remand.

The parties were granted a divorce on January 2, 2002. Amanda received residential custody of the parties' three minor children: Nicole, born February 2, 1989; Stephanie, born June 25, 1991; and Brandon, born June 1, 1997. Steven was ordered to pay Amanda $816 per month in child support through an income withholding order. Steven has two additional children from a subsequent marriage.

On December 6, 2007, Steven filed a motion in the district court requesting that child support be reduced because Nicole had turned 18 years old and had graduated from high school. Relying on Brady v. Brady, 225 Kan. 485, 491, 592 P.2d 865 (1979), he asked that the support order and, of course, his income withholding order be reduced by 1/3 to $544 per month beginning July 1, 2007. The district court signed a journal entry that granted Steven's request on December 12, 2007. The journal entry reflects that Amanda did not appear at the proceeding. Amanda moved to set aside this order a few days later. She claimed she had not been given notice of a hearing on the motion to reduce and Steven had not advised her he was going to court on the matter even though their attorneys had spoken on the phone the same day.

The district court held a hearing on Amanda's motion. She argued she was not given notice of the previous hearing in violation of due process and that the child support was improperly calculated. Specifically, she claimed the court should not have given Steven a simple 1/3 reduction in support, but should have calculated support for the remaining two minor children under the KCSG. Significantly, she acknowledged that use of the KCSG would result in a higher pro rata amount of support per child. As to the MFA requested by Steven, she argued she was not actually requesting an increase and the MFA did not apply.

In response, Steven argued that child support automatically ceases when a child becomes emancipated and that a parent paying support for that child may simply deduct a proportionate share of support at that time without going to court. Because of this, he claimed that notice of the hearing was unnecessary and, because support for Nicole automatically ended at her emancipation, he overpaid support for the months of July through December 2007. He stated that even though it was not necessary, he sent Amanda a copy of his motion. He further argued before the district court that in order for that court to recalculate support under the KCSG, Nicole needed to have first filed a motion to increase child support under K.S.A.2008 Supp. 60-1610(a).

When an increase in support is sought by a parent with primary residency, the MFA may be used by the opposing parent. See KCSG § III.B.6. (2008 Kan. Ct. R. Annot. 116). Steven argued to the district court that if Amanda believed the proportional method of Brady was unfair, she should have filed a motion to increase support, thus entitling him to use the MFA.

The district court agreed with Steven in part by ruling that Brady was "still good law" in that support for a child automatically ceases when that child reaches age 18, that any payments thereafter made on behalf of that child are overpayments applied against the future support order or returned to the payor, that Steven should have a credit for payments made on behalf of Nicole after July 1, 2007, and that Steven did not violate due process by failing to notify Amanda of the hearing since support automatically ceased.

The district court then agreed with Amanda in part by ruling that the new support order for the two remaining minor children be calculated under the KCSG as of July 1, 2007, rather than simply reduced by 1/3 from what it was for three children. It also agreed with her in ruling that Steven could not use the MFA because Amanda did not file a motion to increase support.

We note in passing that Steven argues somewhat inconsistently. He first argues the district court did not have jurisdiction to order the parties to recalculate child support under the guidelines because Amanda did not file a motion to increase support. Then later in his brief he indicates Amanda is entitled to receive the benefit from the increases in his income and the ages of the children that the KCSG would provide but only after the MFA is applied.

In any event, the jurisdiction argument lacks merit. After Steven filed the motion and order reducing his support order by 1/3, Amanda responded by filing a motion to set aside that order. Then at the hearing on her motion, Amanda's counsel argued that the reason it should be set aside was that the reduction was an improper pro rata reduction instead of a recalculation under the guidelines. The motion stated that Steven was not entitled to the MFA. The district court then merely addressed the issues the parties brought before it, namely, what support should Steven pay in support of his two younger children. It is difficult to conclude that the court lacked jurisdiction to do so. There is no question that K.S.A.2008 Supp. 60-1610(a)(1) provides the district court with jurisdiction to modify issues dealing with support of minor children. In re Marriage of Patterson, 22 Kan.App.2d 522, 531, 920 P.2d 450 (1996). Additionally, Steven offers no authority for his challenge to jurisdiction.

We now address Steven's primary argument. He argues that Brady is "good law" that has been applied even after the enactment of the KCSG. 225 Kan. at 491, 592 P.2d 865. He reasons from this that Amanda's request to the court to recalculate support under the KCSG amounted to a request for an increase in support which now entitles him to use the MFA.

We review an order of the district court determining the amount of child support for an abuse of discretion. Judicial discretion is abused when judicial action is arbitrary, fanciful, or unreasonable, i.e., no reasonable person would take the view adopted by the district court. Patterson, 22 Kan.App.2d at 526, 920 P.2d 450. The interpretation and application of the KCSG is subject to unlimited review. In re Marriage of VanderVoort, 39 Kan.App.2d 724, 185 P.3d 289 (2008).

We agree with Steven that Brady is still good law to the extent that an order to pay support for a child automatically ceases when that child reaches 18. However, subsequent cases have modified the holding in Brady that support for the remaining children be reduced proportionately. In VanderVoort, this court, while approving Brady's holding that child...

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3 cases
  • In re Marriage of Wilson
    • United States
    • Kansas Court of Appeals
    • January 29, 2010
    ... ...         We review the district court's award of child support for abuse of discretion. In re Marriage of Winsky, 42 Kan. App.2d 69, Syl. ¶ 4, 208 P.3d 355 (2009). The district court necessarily abuses its discretion when it makes a legal error, so we also review its orders for such errors. See In re Marriage of Kunzle, 2007 WL 3146683, at *4 (Kan.App.2007) (unpublished opinion). When interpreting the ... ...
  • State v. Dean
    • United States
    • Kansas Court of Appeals
    • June 5, 2009
  • Lank v. Florez (In re Paternity of A.L.)
    • United States
    • Kansas Court of Appeals
    • June 1, 2012
    ...application of the Kansas Child Support Guidelines, this court's review is unlimited. See In re Marriage of Winsky, 42 Kan.App.2d 69, 73, 208 P.3d 355 (2009). Florez specifically contends that the evidence and arguments he submitted regarding his 2009 income, increased health insurance and ......

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