State v. Lednum

• Decision Date: 07 April 1981
• Docket Number: No. 8022SC995,8022SC995
• Citation: 276 S.E.2d 920,51 N.C.App. 387
• Parties: STATE of North Carolina v. Lexie LEDNUM
• Court: North Carolina Court of Appeals

Page 920

276 S.E.2d 920

51 N.C.App. 387

STATE of North Carolina v. Lexie LEDNUM

No. 8022SC995.

Court of Appeals of North Carolina.

April 7, 1981.

Atty. Gen. Rufus L. Edmisten by Associate Atty. Reginald L. Watkins, Raleigh, for the State.

Barnes, Grimes & Bunce by Jerry B. Grimes and D. Linwood Bunce II, Lexington, for defendant-appellant.

HEDRICK, Judge.

In his first question presented, defendant argues that the trial judge

impermissibly commented on the evidence at trial ... when he continuously refused to sustain the defendant's objection to the State's leading question and in turn sustained practically every objection made by the State for the same type of questions and otherwise made comments evidencing his bias towards the State's case.

Those exceptions discussed under this question which refer solely to the judge's ruling on evidence do not raise an issue as to whether the judge expressed an opinion in violation of G.S. § 15A-1222. In State v Cox, 6 N.C.App. 18, 24, 169 S.E.2d 134, 138 (1969), we noted: "It has been held that a remark by the court in admitting or excluding evidence is not prejudicial when it amounts to no more than a ruling on the question or where it is made to expedite the trial. (Citations omitted)." In a later case the North Carolina Supreme Court found that the trial court did not express an opinion on the credibility or guilt of defendant in sustaining the prosecutor's objections on ten occasions to questions propounded to the defendant on direct examination, where the ruling in each instance was merely the customary ruling, "Objection sustained," and where the rulings were interspersed with six others overruling objections by the prosecutor. State v. Freeman, 280 N.C. 622, 187 S.E.2d 59 (1972). In the case sub judice, the trial judge during direct examination by the defense, twice instructed counsel not to lead the witness. On two other occasions the judge responded to the prosecution's objections as follows: "Sustained to leading" or "Sustained." It is inconceivable that these rulings on the evidence prejudiced defendant's case in the eyes of the jury.

Other exceptions noted under this question refer to the following alleged prejudicial comments made by the judge. During the trial, defense counsel objected to a question asked of Cannon, since it had "been asked three times." The court responded, "He answered twice. I will let him answer one more time." Defense counsel later objected when Cannon began to relate the conversation he had with defendant immediately prior to the alleged assault. The court responded, "Let him tell what he talked about, you have been over it." In another instance the court sustained a question asked by defense counsel and noted, "We have been over that." We emphasize that a trial judge's allowance or disallowance of alleged repetitive questions is within his discretion, and that this Court will not interfere with the exercise of his duty to control the conduct and course of a trial absent a showing of manifest abuse. No such abuse was shown by these comments. State v. Covington, 290 N.C. 313, 226 S.E.2d 629 (1976). Furthermore an examination of the record reveals that the trial judge did not consistently overrule objections to the State's leading questions while sustaining similar questions propounded by the defense.

The remaining two exceptions noted under this question are neither prejudicial nor erroneous. First, when Cannon testified that defendant punctured his lung, defense counsel objected and moved to strike. The court responded, "Don't consider, members of the jury, that his lung was punctured." Here the trial judge was merely repeating the testimony that he did not want the jury to consider. During the presentation of defendant's evidence, the prosecution objected to the following question: "State whether or not they (defendant and Cannon) were in-between the two parked cars?" The court responded, "Let him describe where they were." This comment by the court could only have been prejudicial to the State.

In his second question defendant argues that the trial judge erred when he instructed the jury that a knife is a deadly weapon, since this matter was a question for the jury. The evidence for the State tended to show that on 19 February 1980 Cannon called the defendant at work and told defendant he wanted to talk to him about an alleged affair defendant was having with Cannon's wife. When Cannon later arrived at defendant's office, defendant suggested that they go outside. As he was talking to defendant, Cannon noticed a knife in defendant's hand. Defendant started coming towards him and Cannon hit him. Cannon was stabbed in the stomach, chest and face. As a result of his injuries he was hospitalized for a week; a tube was inserted in his lung; he received glucose and stitches and he was out of work for a month. Cannon then gave testimony of his medical bills. Cannon described the knife with which he was allegedly assaulted as a kitchen knife. Defendant later described the knife as a small paring knife. Defendant suggests to this Court that the description of the knife does not support the trial court's instruction that the knife was a deadly weapon per se. We disagree. In State v. Roper, 39 N.C.App. 256, 249 S.E.2d 870 (1978), this Court held that a description of a knife as "a keen bladed pocketknife" was sufficient to require the trial court to find that the knife was a deadly weapon per se. In Roper we indicated that the actual effects produced by...