Williams v. Chick

• Decision Date: 06 March 1967
• Docket Number: No. 18442.,18442.
• Citation: 373 F.2d 330
• Parties: Ruth WILLIAMS, Appellant, v. Jessie Eugene CHICK, Jr., and Pacific Mutual Door Company, a Corporation, Appellees.
• Court: U.S. Court of Appeals — Eighth Circuit

373 F.2d 330 (1967)

Ruth WILLIAMS, Appellant, v. Jessie Eugene CHICK, Jr., and Pacific Mutual Door Company, a Corporation, Appellees.

No. 18442.

United States Court of Appeals Eighth Circuit.

March 6, 1967.

Ben W. Swofford, Kansas City, Mo., for appellant; Don F. Whitcraft, Harrisonville, Mo., on the brief.

Forest W. Hanna, Kansas City, Mo., for appellees; Sprinkle, Carter, Sprinkle, Larson & Hanna, Kansas City, Mo., on the brief.

Before MATTHES and LAY, Circuit Judges, and MEREDITH, District Judge.

LAY, Circuit Judge.

This appeal presents an interesting tort case under Missouri law. The facts of this appeal were stipulated and submitted to the trial court under a "Motion for Summary Judgment On The Question Of Causation." The trial court sustained defendants' motion for summary judgment and plaintiff appeals. We reverse.

It was stipulated that plaintiff's decedent; was operating a truck at approximately 1:30 a. m. on U. S. Highway #24, near the Chariton River, in the State of Missouri. He came up behind a tractor and semi-trailer owned by defendant Pacific Mutual Door Company and driven by defendant's employee, Chick. Chick was intoxicated. The complaint alleges Chick was driving at a high rate of speed. It is agreed he was weaving his unit back and forth across the highway. Plaintiff's decedent elected to follow him to prevent injury to Chick and others using the highway. He attempted to warn Chick (thinking he was asleep) and oncoming traffic, by blowing his horn and flashing his lights. As they proceeded down the highway Chick forced two or three vehicles to the shoulder.

Finally Chick hit the shoulder and drove the truck into a bridge railing, knocking down the guard rails for 57 feet and then "plunged into the Chariton River." Plaintiff's decedent stopped his pursuit and with the help of an oncoming trucker to whom he had signalled danger, the two "extricated" Chick from the river. The decedent did not go into the river himself but physically assisted in the rescue, bringing Chick back up to safety on the highway. It was stipulated:

"That during all of the foregoing incidents, events and episodes, the decedent became and was in a highly excited, nervous, fearful and strained condition, and that at the scene of said casualty he complained of his chest hurting him, was cold and clammy, and became ill."

"That the decedent died as a direct and proximate result of the excitement, stress, strain and emotional disturbance of the incidents leading up to and including the occurrences as above set forth."

The lower court in its memorandum opinion (1) assumed for the purpose of the motion for summary judgment that defendant's acts constituted willful and wanton negligence; (2) held, that such conduct did create a situation in which the decedent through the highest of humane motives became a voluntary rescuer; (3) found, however, the rescue doctrine applies only to mitigate the rescuer's contributory negligence and is not related to duty; and (4) ruled, that allowing decedent recovery would be morally right, but not legally possible because of the doctrine of "foreseeability."

A summary judgment should be used only in "extreme" situations. To grant a summary judgment under Rule 56, a party must be entitled to relief "beyond all doubt," without "room for controversy." Recovery must be barred beyond "any discernible circumstances." See Traylor v. Black, Sivalls & Bryson,...