Harris v. Hercules, Incorporated, 71-1370.
| Citation | 455 F.2d 267 |
| Decision Date | 09 February 1972 |
| Docket Number | No. 71-1370.,71-1370. |
| Parties | Frank HARRIS, Appellant, v. HERCULES, INCORPORATED, Appellee. |
| Court | United States Courts of Appeals. United States Court of Appeals (8th Circuit) |
Charles A. Brown, Little Rock, Ark., Patten & Brown, by Gerland P. Patten, Little Rock, Ark., for appellant.
Alston Jennings, Little Rock, Ark., for appellee.
Before VAN OOSTERHOUT and ROSS, Circuit Judges, and WEBSTER, District Judge.
This is an appeal in a diversity suit from an order denying motions of Frank Harris to set aside a jury verdict and enter judgment in his favor, or in the alternative to grant him a new trial; and from a final judgment dismissing the complaint against Hercules, Incorporated. For reasons stated below and upon the basis of the district court's opinion, we affirm the decision of the district court.
The facts of this case are fully discussed at 328 F.Supp. 360, 361-362 (E. D.Ark.1971), and we will not set them forth in detail in this opinion. This action was filed by Harris for injuries he received after the crane with which he was working came into contact with uninsulated, high voltage power lines. Harris knew that the power lines were present and that they had not been deenergized. The principal controversy stems from the trial court's submission of Interrogatory No. 4 to the jury which answered it by finding that Frank Harris had assumed the risk of his injury.1
On this appeal, Harris claims that the issue of assumption of risk should not have been submitted to the jury because there was no proof that Harris knew the boom of the crane was so close to the power line to constitute an existing danger to his safety; that, if Harris didn't actually know the boom was close enough to constitute an existing danger to his safety but should have known that the crane could have been placed in such a position, his actions might have constituted contributory negligence but not assumption of risk; that Harris did not assume a risk created by the negligence of the crane operator; and that there was no implied consent by Harris to work in the face of a known danger. In other words, Harris claims that, although he knew that the energized power line was present and that it would be dangerous to allow the crane to come in contact with it, he could not be held to have assumed the risk unless he knew the crane was close enough to the power line to constitute an immediate danger.
The Arkansas Supreme Court recently held that "`the doctrine of assumption of risk in an action between persons not master and servant * * * is confined to cases where the plaintiff not only knew and appreciated the danger, but voluntarily put himself in the way of it.'" Woodruff Electric Cooperative Corp. v. Daniel, 472 S.W.2d 919, 923 (1971). In this case, the evidence was sufficient to permit the jury to find that Harris knew and appreciated that the high voltage line was in the area in which the crane was working and that it was dangerous to allow the crane to come into contact with it. He did not object to working under these conditions. The trial court properly instructed the jury concerning the elements of assumption of risk2 and the jury found that he had assumed the risk. It would be an undue limitation on the assumption of risk doctrine to hold as a matter of law that Harris not only had to know and appreciate that a potential risk was present, but also had to know that the crane had been moved so close to the line that the potential risk had become an immediate and imminent danger.
Harris also claims that under recent Arkansas decisions the doctrine of assumption of risk has been modified by the passage of the comparative negligence law. This assertion is fully answered in the trial court's opinion. In the recent case of Woodruff Electric Cooperative Corp. v. Daniel, supra, which also involved a question of contributory negligence, the Supreme Court of Arkansas held that "the doctrine of assumption of risk is applicable in cases of ordinary negligence and is not limited to master-servant relationship." The court further held that the "defense of assumption of risk was a submissible issue to the jury." Id. at 923, 924.
In reviewing Harris' assertion that the Arkansas doctrine of assumption of risk has been modified, this Court is mindful that our function in a diversity case is to...
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