May v. State, 5796

Citation492 S.W.2d 888,254 Ark. 194
Decision Date09 April 1973
Docket NumberNo. 5796,5796
PartiesJohn O. MAY, Appellant, v. STATE of Arkansas, Appellee.
CourtSupreme Court of Arkansas

Jack L. Lessenberry, Little Rock, for appellant.

Jim Guy Tucker, Atty. Gen. by Frank B. Newell, Asst. Atty. Gen., Little Rock, for appellee.

BROWN, Justice.

J. O. May appeals from a conviction on a charge of inducing an abortion. It was the theory of the State that at the request of Kaye and Allan Kuykendall, Bill McCord, Jr., contacted Teresa Barrett who he had reason to believe could get in touch with someone who would perform an abortion. Teresa was said to have contacted appellant and arranged for the abortion. Kaye Kuykendall testified that the illegal act was committed on October 9, 1970, which happened to be appellant's birthday. Appellant's defense was an alibi. He, along with corroborating witnesses, testified that appellant was in DeValls Bluff celebrating his birthday. Those are about all the facts that are necessary to an understanding of the issues on appeal. Such additional facts as are pertinent to an understanding of any of the issues will be subsequently recited.

We shall first treat appellant's argument that our abortion statutes, Ark.Stat.Ann. §§ 41--303 to 41--310 (Supp.1971) are unconstitutional in light of two recent decisions of the United States Supreme Court. Doe v. Bolton, Attorney General of Georgia, 410 U.S. 179, 93 S.Ct. 739, 35 L.Ed.2d 201 (1973); Roe v. Wade, District Attorney of Dallas County, 410 U.S. 113, 93 S.Ct. 705 35 L.Ed.2d 147 (1973). In both cases, parts of the abortion laws of the respective states were declared unconstitutional. In Roe, it was determined by the Court that a pregnant single woman had standing to attack the Texas statute; the plaintiffs in Doe were an indigent, married, pregnant Georgia citizen and certain licensed physicians, standing being conferred, so the Court held, on the latter through Epperson v. Arkansas, 393 U.S. 97, 89 S.Ct. 266, 21 L.Ed.2d 228 (1968). The most salient aspect of both cases (Roe and Doe) for the purposes of the appeal in the case at bar is that the decisions in both Roe and Doe contemplate the performance of abortions only by licensed physicians. In fact as to laymen, Roe makes the statement, in its summary under XI that a state 'may proscribe any abortion by a person who is not a physician'. Our Ark.Stat.Ann. § 41--303 in effect prohibits abortions by two classes of people, physicians and laymen. The effect of the Supreme Court holdings was to strike down the prohibition as against physicians during the period preceding approximately the end of the first trimester. The cited section can be left intact as to laymen; that was the effect of our holding in Borchert v. Scott, 248 Ark. 1041, 460 S.W.2d 28 (1970), where we said: 'If a statute attempts to accomplish two or more objects, and is void as to one, it may still be in every respect complete and valid as to the other'. An abortion case in point in this respect is Commonwealth v. Brunelle, 277 N.E.2d 826 (Mass.1971).

The appellant has no standing to personally attack the constitutionality of § 41--303 because it is not unconstitutional as applied to him. As applied to appellant, § 41--303 simply prohibits a layman from performing or inducing an abortion. As we have pointed out, the United States Supreme Court says in Doe and Roe that the states have a right to prohibit such activity by one other than a physician. In Brunnelle, supra, the standing of the accused to attack the statute as unconstitutional was brought into question and his standing to make that attack was denied because Brunelle was not a licensed physician. The court said: 'Only persons whose interests are affected by a statute may assert that it is unconstitutional'.

We are compelled to reverse and remand for new trial, principally because appellant was denied the right to attack the credibility of some of the State's key witnesses on the grounds of certain acts of moral turpitude. For example, appellant sought to elicit from Mrs. Kuykendall the fact that she had sexual relations with another witness, Bill McCord, Jr., while she was married to Allan Kuykendall. (Mrs. Kuykendall admitted the act in her testimony in chambers.) Appellant also sought to elicit on cross-examination of Bill McCord, Jr., a State witness, that McCord had been found in an alley suffering from the effects of drugs. On cross-examination the credibility of a witness may be impeached by showing acts of moral turpitude. Hale v. State, 252 Ark. 1040, 483 S.W.2d 228 (1972); Heath v. State, 249 Ark. 217, 459 S.W.2d 420 (1970). Still more in point are such cases as Garrard v. State, 113 Ark. 598, 167 S.W. 485 (1914), intercourse with other men; Rowe v. State, 155 Ark. 419, 244 S.W. 463 (1922), intercourse with others; Schooley v. State, 176 Ark. 895, 2 S.W.2d 67 (1928) immoral acts.

Several other points for reversal are advanced. Some of those will not arise on retrial; others have no merit; and some present situations in which a timely record was not made.

Reversed and remanded.

BYRD, J., dissents in part.

BYRD, Justice (dissenting in part).

I disagree with so much of the majority opinion that holds that appellant, a layman, has no standing to attack the constitutionality of our abortion Statute, Ark.Stat.Ann § 41--303 (Supp.1971). That statute provides:

'It shall be unlawful for any one to administer or prescribe any medicine or drugs to any woman with child, with the intent to produce an abortion, or premature delivery of any foetus before or after the period of quickening, or to produce or attempt to produce such abortion by any other means; and any person offending againt the provisions of this Section shall be fined in any sum not to exceed one thousand dollars ($1,000.00), and imprisoned in the penitentiary not less than (1) nor more than (5) years.'

The Texas statute involved in Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113, 93 S.Ct. 705, 35 L.Ed.2d 147 (1973), provided:

'Article...

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16 cases
  • People v. Higuera
    • United States
    • Court of Appeal of Michigan (US)
    • April 5, 2001
    ...to criminal liability for the performance of an abortion. [Id. at 925-926.] The Smith court was referring to May v. State, 254 Ark. 194, 196, 492 S.W.2d 888 (1973), in which the Arkansas Supreme Court concluded that the appellant lacked standing to challenge the statute's constitutionality ......
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    ...has or will perform an abortion can do so with impunity. (Bricker, supra, 208 N.W.2d at 175--76). In an Arkansas case, May v. State, 254 Ark. 194, 492 S.W.2d 888 (1973), cert. den., 414 U.S. 1024, 94 S.Ct. 448, 38 L.Ed.2d 315 (1973), the state supreme court reached a similar conclusion on t......
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    • Supreme Court of Arkansas
    • October 8, 1973
    ...no standing to challenge its constitutionality as applied to husband and wife or consenting adults of opposite sexes. See May v. State, 254 Ark. 194, 492 S.W.2d 888; Connor v. State, supra; Lienhart v. Burton, 207 Ark. 536, 181 S.W.2d 468; Connor v. Blackwood, 176 Ark. 139, 2 S.W.2d 44; Fer......
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    ...garnishment of wages, then the appellees in this case would have no standing to raise the constitutional issue. See May v. State, 254 Ark. 194, 492 S.W.2d 888, where we held our abortion statute to be constitutional as to laymen, but recognized that the holdings of the United States Supreme......
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