United States v. Merla, 73-3660. Summary Calendar.
| Decision Date | 06 May 1974 |
| Docket Number | No. 73-3660. Summary Calendar.,73-3660. Summary Calendar. |
| Parties | UNITED STATES of America, Plaintiff-Appellee, v. Estanislao MERLA, Defendant-Appellant. |
| Court | U.S. Court of Appeals — Fifth Circuit |
Abel Toscano, Jr., Harlingen, Tex. (Court-appointed), for defendant-appellant.
Anthony J. P. Farris, U. S. Atty., Houston, Tex., Edward B. McDonough, Jr., B. Stephen Rice, James R. Gough, Mary L. Sinderson, Asst. U. S. Attys., Houston, Tex., for plaintiff-appellee.
Before BELL, SIMPSON and MORGAN, Circuit Judges.
This appeal is from a conviction for knowingly and intentionally possessing with intent to distribute approximately 162 pounds of marihuana, a Schedule 1 controlled substance, in violation of Title 21, U.S.C., Section 841(a)(1). Prior to trial the defendant moved to suppress and return the evidence, and the court directed that the motion to suppress be carried at trial with the government's case for ruling when the government rested its case. Trial by jury was waived and the case both as to the merits and as to the motion to suppress was tried before the court under a stipulation of facts, the trial taking place on July 23, 1973. On July 30, 1973, the trial court denied the motion to suppress and found the defendant guilty of the offense charged. The defendant was adjudged guilty and sentence was thereafter imposed providing for imprisonment for four years with a special parole term of three years. This appeal followed.
Under the stipulation the following facts were established without conflict: The defendant-appellant Merla, accompanied by his four-year-old daughter and driving a 1963 Ford Galaxie, was stopped by border patrol agents performing their official duties on October 15, 1972, about 6:30 P.M. at the border patrol checkpoint five miles south of Sarita, Texas. One of the agents, Senior Border Patrol Agent Phillips, after determining the citizenship of both occupants of the Ford Galaxie, requested that the vehicle trunk be opened for a routine inspection for aliens. Merla opened the trunk revealing a large blanket covering a bulky substance. Agent Phillips detected a strong odor of an air freshener. Further examination was made to determine whether aliens were concealed by the blanket and three large burlap bags of the type used to transport marihuana were revealed. Upon further examination the bags were found to contain 162 pounds, 12 ounces of marihuana packed in the form of kilo bricks. Merla was then arrested by Agent Phillips. About 7:30 two agents of the United States Customs Service arrived at the checkpoint and took custody of the appellant, the contraband and the vehicle. After being advised of his rights under Miranda1 by one of the Customs agents, Merla stated that he was en route to Chicago where he was to deliver the marihuana and receive $500. He agreed to cooperate with the agents and deliver the contraband in an area south of Chicago but because he was unable to give more than a vague description of the proposed delivery or of the proposed recipients of the marihuana, the transport did not take place. It was further stipulated that testimony by Mr. Ball, of the Border Patrol Office in McAllen, Texas, would show that the Sarita checkpoint was maintained because of its strategic location on a direct route leading from the border. Other routes were available including one through the King Ranch but were not as readily accessible. The checkpoint is shifted to three different spots along the road to prevent smugglers of aliens from knowing where the checkpoint is situated at a particular time. Figures were also introduced as to the number of arrests of aliens, alien smugglers, narcotic and marihuana arrests and the value of the vehicles seized at the Sarita checkpoint during the preceding years.
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