DelMonico v. Traynor
Citation | 50 So.3d 4 |
Decision Date | 16 June 2010 |
Docket Number | No. 4D08-4035.,4D08-4035. |
Court | Court of Appeal of Florida (US) |
Parties | Daniel DELMONICO, an individual and MYD Marine Distributor, Inc., a Florida corporation, Appellants, v. Arthur Rodgers TRAYNOR, Jr., an individual, and Akerman, Senterfitt & Eidson, P.A., a Florida professional association, Appellees. |
Holiday Hunt Russell of The Law Offices of Holiday Hunt Russell, Chartered, Fort Lauderdale, and Beverly A. Pohl of Broad and Cassel, Fort Lauderdale, for appellants.
Jane Kreusler-Walsh and Barbara J. Compiani of Kreusler-Walsh, Compiani & Vargas, P.A., West Palm Beach, and William M. Martin of Peterson Bernard, Fort Lauderdale, for appellees.
The issue presented is whether the trial court was correct in granting summaryjudgment on appellants' claim of defamation and tortious interference based on the litigation privilege. We find that the trial court correctly granted summary judgment, and we affirm.
The claim of defamation and tortious interference brought in this case emanates from another underlying case in which DelMonico, the appellant here, filed a complaint against Donovan Marine, Inc., and its employee, Tony Crespo. DelMonico alleged that Crespo told several people that DelMonico supplied prostitutes to the owner of a company previously doing business with Donovan Marine as their method to take away business from Donovan and bring it to DelMonico. Appellee Traynor, while acting as defense counsel for Donovan Marine, published to DelMonico's ex-spouses and business peers the same allegation that DelMonico hired prostitutes to get business and that DelMonico faced prosecution for prostitution. Appellants filed claims of action for defamation and tortious interference against the appellees as a result of these statements.
The complaint alleged that the appellee had contacted DelMonico's ex-wife and told her that DelMonico had taken a customer away from Donovan by enticing the purchasing agent with prostitutes. The appellee also contacted a former employee of DelMonico's company, MYD Marine Distributor, and stated to him that DelMonico's method to take an account was to supply a prostitute to the owner. The appellee encouraged the former employee to provide additional examples of DelMonico's "unethical business practices." The appellee contacted the former owner of a business and stated that DelMonico was "being prosecuted for prostitution." The appellee also contacted another ex-wife of the appellant and stated that DelMonico was being prosecuted for using prostitution to get business. The appellee also contacted principals of other marine services companies about the prosecution of DelMonico for procuring prostitutes and growing his business in this manner. The appellee stated that he was part of the prosecution of DelMonico for procuring prostitutes and illegal business dealings. Subsequently, New Nautical, a manufacturer with whom MYD Marine Distributor had an exclusive contract, received calls from companies stating they no longer wanted to purchase products from MYD Marine Distributor.
All of the above statements made by the appellee occurred during potential witness interviews, were performed by the appellee in his role as an attorney, and were made purportedly for the purpose of defending his client during pending and active litigation. The appellee's comments and statements were made in connection with, and during the course of, an existing judicial proceeding. The appellee was acting as defense counsel for Donovan Marine in litigation in which DelMonico asserted that Donovan's employee defamed DelMonico by making accusations "about prostitution." The appellee denied saying that DelMonico was being prosecuted for prostitution but did maintain that all communications he had with the ex-wives and employees were done in furtherance of and as part of his work as an attorney defending his client.
The trial court granted summary judgment based upon absolute immunity conferred by the litigation privilege. Our standard of review of this order granting summary judgment is de novo. Palm Beach Pain Mgmt., Inc. v. Carroll, 7 So.3d 1144, 1145 (Fla. 4th DCA 2009). Whether allegedly defamatory statements are covered under absolute privilege is a question of law to be decided by the court. Resha v. Tucker, 670 So.2d 56, 59 (Fla.1996);Cassell v. India, 964 So.2d 190 (Fla. 4th DCA 2007).
"[A]bsolute immunity must be afforded to any act occurring during the course of a judicial proceeding, regardless of whether the act involves a defamatory statement or other tortious behavior ... so long as the act has some relation to the proceeding." Levin, Middlebrooks, Mabie, Thomas, Mayes & Mitchell, P.A. v. U.S. Fire Ins. Co., 639 So.2d 606, 608 (Fla.1994); see also Echevarria, McCalla, Raymer, Barrett & Frappier v. Cole, 950 So.2d 380 (Fla.2007). "The falsity or maliciousness of the alleged statements is irrelevant to this analysis." Ross v. Blank, 958 So.2d 437, 441 (Fla. 4th DCA 2007); see also Levin, 639 So.2d at 607.
Because the statements complained of were made by the appellee while he was acting as defense counsel in the underlying litigation, and the statements bore "some relation" to the proceeding, they were absolutely privileged as a matter of law. Levin, 639 So.2d at 608; see also Fernandez v. Haber & Ganguzza, LLP, 30 So.3d 644 (Fla. 3d DCA 2010) ( ); Stucchio v. Tincher, 726 So.2d 372 (Fla. 5th DCA 1999) ( ). Interviewing a witness in preparation for and connected to pending litigation is absolutely privileged. Stucchio, 726 So.2d at 373.
The rule of absolute immunity extends to the parties, judges, witnesses, and counsel involved and related to the judicial proceedings. Levin, 639 So.2d at 608. The reason for the rule of absolute immunity is that "the public interest of disclosure outweighs an individual's right to an unimpaired reputation" and "participants in judicial proceedings must be free from the fear of later civil liability as to anything said or written during litigation so as not to chill the actions of the participants in the immediate claim." Id. The Florida Supreme Court concluded that there would be a "chilling effect" on the adversary system without absolute immunity. Id.
The appellee should receive the same absolute immunity in questioning potential witnesses before their appearance at deposition or in the courtroom, as if the questioning were during a formalized judicial proceeding. The Florida Supreme Court merely requires that the "act" have "some relation to the proceeding." Id. Clearly, speaking to potential witnesses during the pendency of litigation is of "some relation to the proceeding." If we were to find that absolute immunity be conferred on the participants only at formalized hearings or court proceedings, we would have the unintended consequence of attorneys not being able to question witnesses in preparation for eventual formalized proceedings without fear of civil liability. Stucchio, 726 So.2d at 374. Attorneys would be subject to the same chilling effect if their work is outside of the courtroom, but has "some relation to the proceeding."
Other jurisdictions have recognized an even more expansive interpretation of "some relation to the proceeding," applying the absolute privilege doctrine to out-of-court communications occurring without the presence of both counsel and evengoing so far as to apply the doctrine to communications that occur before suit is even initiated. See, e.g., Jackson v. BellSouth Telecomms., 372 F.3d 1250, 1276 (11th Cir.2004) ( )(quoting Hoover v. Van Stone, 540 F.Supp. 1118, 1122 (D.Del.1982)); Pettitt v. Levy, 28 Cal.App.3d 484, 104 Cal.Rptr. 650, 654 (1972) ( )(citation omitted); Jones v. Coward, 193 N.C.App. 231, 666 S.E.2d 877, 880 (2008) ( ); Russell v. Clark, 620 S.W.2d 865, 868 (Tex.Civ.App.1981) ( ); Pratt v. Nelson, 164 P.3d 366, 376 (Utah 2007) ( )(citation omitted).
To continue reading
Request your trial-
Delmonico v. Traynor
...questioning of a potential, nonparty witness while investigating matters connected to a pending lawsuit. In DelMonico v. Traynor, 50 So.3d 4 (Fla. 4th DCA 2010), the Fourth District Court of Appeal relied on this Court's decision in Levin, Middlebrooks, Mabie, Thomas, Mayes & Mitchell, P.A.......
-
Delmonico v. Traynor, SC10-1397
...questioning of a potential, nonparty witness while investigating matters connected to a pending lawsuit. In DelMonico v. Traynor, 50 So. 3d 4 (Fla. 4th DCA 2010), the Fourth District Court of Appeal relied on this Court's decision in Levin, Middlebrooks, Mabie, Thomas, Mayes & Mitchell, P.A......
-
Ball v. D'lites Enterprises Inc.
...with judicial proceedings. We hold that it does not. Recently, we confronted the scope of the Levin ruling in DelMonico v. Traynor, 50 So.3d 4 (Fla. 4th DCA 2010), rev. granted 47 So.3d 1287 (Fla.2010). There, a defense attorney interviewing a witness made allegedly defamatory statements re......
-
Latam Invs., LLC v. Holland & Knight, LLP, 3D10–3042.
...jurisdiction.DEL MONICO V. TRAYNOR We recognize that the Florida Supreme Court is presently considering the case of DelMonico v. Traynor, 50 So.3d 4 (Fla. 4th DCA), review granted,47 So.3d 1287 (Fla.2010), regarding the litigation privilege. We, however, decline LatAm's invitation to stay o......