Salter v. Upjohn Co.

• Decision Date: 23 April 1979
• Docket Number: No. 77-1283,77-1283
• Citation: 593 F.2d 649
• Parties: Susie J. SALTER, As Executrix of the Estate of Salter, Rufus, Deceased, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. The UPJOHN COMPANY, a corporation, Defendant-Appellee.
• Court: U.S. Court of Appeals — Fifth Circuit

Page 649

593 F.2d 649

Susie J. SALTER, As Executrix of the Estate of Salter Rufus, Deceased, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. The UPJOHN COMPANY, a corporation, Defendant-Appellee.

No. 77-1283.

United States Court of Appeals Fifth Circuit.

April 23, 1979.

James W. Garrett, Sr., Thomas H. Keene, Montgomery, Ala., for plaintiff-appellant.

Wm. Harold Albritton, Andalusia, Ala., John R. Matthews, Jr., Montgomery, Ala., for defendant-appellee.

Appeal from the United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama.

Before THORNBERRY, CLARK and RONEY, Circuit Judges.

THORNBERRY, Circuit Judge:

Plaintiff Susie J. Salter, as executrix of the estate of Rufus Salter, alleged in the trial court that defendant Upjohn failed adequately to test and label its prescription drug Cleocin and that as a result of this failure, Rufus Salter received the drug and died. In a general verdict, the jury found for defendant and the trial judge rendered judgment accordingly. Plaintiff appeals, alleging the trial judge committed a great variety of errors. We have read the briefs and the record and conclude that the majority of plaintiff's allegations are clearly without merit. One of the issues, however, requires a more protracted discussion.

Plaintiff requested three times that the trial judge allow her to take the deposition of Upjohn's president, Dr. William Hubbard. Each time the judge denied her request. Plaintiff first notified defendant that she intended to take Dr. Hubbard's deposition in January of 1976. Plaintiff had previously notified Upjohn that she intended to take the depositions of those employees of the corporation who were most familiar with the manufacture, approval and marketing of the drug Cleocin. The notice of Dr. Hubbard's deposition indicated that plaintiff would take his deposition at the same time as those of the other employees. Plaintiff also had a copy of the prepared statement Dr. Hubbard had given to a committee of the United States Senate concerning the testing, marketing and use of the drug in question. Upjohn sought an order protecting Dr. Hubbard from the deposition. The trial judge granted defendant's motion.

It is very unusual for a court to prohibit the taking of a deposition altogether and absent extraordinary circumstances, such an order would likely be in error. See 4 J.Moore & J.Lucas, Moore's Federal Practice P 26.69 (3d ed. 1976); 8 C.Wright & A.Miller, Federal Practice & Procedure § 2037 (1970). We do not believe that this first order of the trial judge was such a complete prohibition, however. Although the court's order vacated plaintiff's notice to take the deposition of Dr. Hubbard, it is clear that the order merely required plaintiff to depose the other employees that Upjohn indicated had more knowledge of the facts before deposing Dr. Hubbard. The trial judge had indicated that if the testimony of the other employees was unsatisfactory, he would allow plaintiff to take Dr. Hubbard's deposition. ¹ We do not interpret this ruling as totally prohibiting plaintiff from taking Dr. Hubbard's deposition. Rather, the trial judge was merely exercising the broad discretion that this court has long recognized he has in controlling the timing of discovery. Scroggins v. Air Cargo, Inc., 534 F.2d 1124 (5 Cir. 1976). At the time the judge made this ruling, plaintiff had the testimony Dr. Hubbard had given to the Senate Committee, which contained substantially the same information plaintiff wished to obtain from Dr. Hubbard in the deposition. Plaintiff was also scheduled to take the depositions of those employees who Upjohn indicated had the most direct knowledge of the relevant facts. It was therefore very likely that, after taking the other employees' depositions, plaintiff would be satisfied and abandon her requests to depose Dr. Hubbard, unless, as the trial judge noted, those other employees did not "have more personal knowledge" of the facts or their testimony was inconsistent with the Senate testimony of Dr. Hubbard. The judge's attempt to postpone or prevent the necessity of taking Dr. Hubbard's deposition was within his discretion in light of defendant's reasonable assertions that Dr. Hubbard was extremely busy and did not have any direct knowledge of the facts. Thus, the judge's issuance of the protective order vacating plaintiff's first notice to take Dr. Hubbard's deposition was not error.

Of course, if after taking the other depositions, plaintiff was not satisfied and again properly gave notice of or requested taking Dr. Hubbard's deposition, the judge probably should have allowed the deposition. After the first protective order, however, plaintiff never again properly raised the issue in the trial court. In May 1976, plaintiff moved for the court to compel Dr. Hubbard to appear in Montgomery, Alabama for a deposition. Upjohn's principal place of business and Dr. Hubbard's residence was Kalamazoo, Michigan. It is well settled that "(t)he deposition of a corporation by its agents and officers should ordinarily be taken at its principal...