Cumbey v. Meachum, 81-2467

Citation684 F.2d 712
Decision Date10 August 1982
Docket NumberNo. 81-2467,81-2467
PartiesFloyd E. CUMBEY, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Larry MEACHUM, Director, Gary Maynard, Warden, and Sharon Hartless, Defendants-Appellees.
CourtUnited States Courts of Appeals. United States Court of Appeals (10th Circuit)

Floyd E. Cumbey, pro se.

Jan Eric Cartwright, Atty. Gen., and Gloyd L. McCoy, Asst. Atty. Gen., State of Okl., Oklahoma City, Okl., for defendants-appellees.

Before HOLLOWAY, BARRETT and LOGAN, Circuit Judges.

PER CURIAM.

This three-judge panel has determined unanimously that oral argument would not be of material assistance in the determination of this appeal. See Fed.R.App.P. 34(a); Tenth Circuit R. 10(e). The cause is therefore ordered submitted without oral argument.

Plaintiff, Floyd E. Cumbey, appeals the district court's dismissal of the complaint he brought pursuant to 42 U.S.C. § 1983, alleging that the use of female guards at the state prison where he is incarcerated violates his constitutional right to privacy. We vacate in part and remand.

The plaintiff is incarcerated at the Joseph Harp Correctional Center in Lexington, Oklahoma. In his pro se complaint he contends that female prison guards there are assigned to posts where they observe him dressing and undressing and using the toilet and the shower. The complaint alleges:

At Joseph Harp Correctional Center each inmate occupies an individual solid-walled cell, containing a bed, a toilet and wash-face-basin (sic). Each cell has a solid door, controlled by guards at the end of each Unit corridor, called a Control Room .... Each cell door has a clear glass window measuring about six inches by nine inches. The interior of the cell, including the bed, toilet and sink-basin, is visible to anyone in the corridor looking through the cell door windown (sic). Prison rules require an inmate during day and night not to cover the cell door window obstructing view (sic) at any time. If such occurr (sic) the inmate is subject to writeup-misconduct (sic) report for rule violation. Male inmates, while completely or partially unclothed are being subjected to "a certain amount of viewing" by female correctional officers ....

He also contends that he suffered cruel and unusual punishment because of a certain comment a female guard made regarding nudity of male inmates.

The plaintiff brought the action, requesting injunctive relief and damages, against the director of the state prison system, the warden of the prison, and a female guard at the prison. Resting its decision solely on the complaint, the district court dismissed the action as frivolous, see 28 U.S.C. § 1915(d), finding that the plaintiff could not make any rational argument on the law or facts to support his claim. We disagree.

There is a constitutional right to privacy. See, e.g., Carey v. Population Services Int'l, 431 U.S. 678, 684-86, 97 S.Ct. 2010, 2015-16, 52 L.Ed.2d 675 (1977); Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113, 152-56, 93 S.Ct. 705, 726-28, 35 L.Ed.2d 147 (1973); Griswold v. Connecticut, 381 U.S. 479, 484-86, 85 S.Ct. 1678, 1681-82, 14 L.Ed.2d 510 (1965). Although convicted prisoners are not entitled to the full protection of the Constitution, they "do not forfeit all constitutional protections by reason of their conviction and confinement in prison." Bell v. Wolfish, 441 U.S. 520, 545, 99 S.Ct. 1861, 1877, 60 L.Ed.2d 447 (1979). The state may restrict these rights only to the extent necessary to further the correction system's legitimate goals and policies. Bell v. Wolfish, 441 U.S. at 546, 548, 99 S.Ct. at 1877, 1878; Wolff v. McDonnell, 418 U.S. 539, 555-56, 94 S.Ct. 2963, 2974, 41 L.Ed.2d 935 (1974). Although the inmates' right to privacy must yield to the penal institution's need to maintain security, it does not vanish altogether. See, e.g., Lee v. Downs, 641 F.2d 1117, 1119 (4th Cir. 1981).

Other courts have held that if guards regularly watch inmates of the opposite sex who are engaged in personal activities, such as undressing, using toilet facilities, or showering, the inmates' constitutional rights to privacy are being violated. See Dawson v. Kendrick, 527 F.Supp. 1252, 1316-17 (S.D.W.Va.1981) (male guards viewing female inmates); Bowling v. Enomoto, 514 F.Supp. 201 (N.D.Cal.1981) (female guards viewing male inmates); Hudson v. Goodlander, 494 F.Supp. 890 (D.Md.1980) (female guards viewing male inmates); Forts v. Ward, 471 F.Supp. 1095 (S.D.N.Y.1979), vacated in part, 621 F.2d 1210 (...

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    • September 13, 2004
    ...Cornwell v. Dahlberg, 963 F.2d 912, 913, 916 (6th Cir.1992); Timm v. Gunter, 917 F.2d 1093, 1097 (8th Cir.1990); Cumbey v. Meachum, 684 F.2d 712, 713 (10th Cir.1982). Therefore, this Court concludes that Plaintiff should have pled his claims for violations of his privacy rights by female of......
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    ...Healthcare Ctr. , 612 F.3d 908, 913 (7th Cir. 2010) ; accord Faulkner v. Jones , 10 F.3d 226, 232 (4th Cir. 1993) ; Cumbey v. Meachum , 684 F.2d 712, 714 (10th Cir. 1982) ; see also, e.g. , Women Prisoners of the D.C. Dep't of Corr. v. District of Columbia , 93 F.3d 910, 926 (D.C. Cir. 1996......
  • Rushing v. Wayne County
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    ...would be a different case, but the jury seems clearly to have accepted the plaintiff's version of the occurrence. In Cumbey v. Meachum, 684 F.2d 712 (CA 10, 1982), the court reinstated a prisoner's claim under Sec. 1983 for invasion of privacy. The plaintiff alleged that female guards were ......
  • In re Banks
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    • U.S. District Court — District of Colorado
    • March 4, 2015
    ...that "[t]hreats or verbal abuse, by themselves, do not rise to the level of a § 1983 cause of action." Id. (citing Cumbey v. Meachum, 684 F.2d 712, 714 (10th Cir. 1982)). With regard to Claim Three, Defendants maintain that Plaintiff fails to sufficiently allege a denial of access to the co......
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