Long v. Fairbank Reconstruction Corp.

• Decision Date: 21 November 2012
• Docket Number: No. 12–1412.,12–1412.
• Citation: 701 F.3d 1
• Parties: Margaret LONG; Alice Smith, Plaintiffs, v. FAIRBANK RECONSTRUCTION CORP., d/b/a Fairbank Farms, Inc., Defendant/Third–Party Plaintiff, Appellee, v. Greater Omaha Packing Co., Inc., Third–Party Defendant, Appellant.
• Court: U.S. Court of Appeals — First Circuit

701 F.3d 1

Margaret LONG; Alice Smith, Plaintiffs,

v.FAIRBANK RECONSTRUCTION CORP., d/b/a Fairbank Farms, Inc., Defendant/Third–Party Plaintiff, Appellee,

v.Greater Omaha Packing Co., Inc., Third–Party Defendant, Appellant.

No. 12–1412.

United States Court of Appeals, First Circuit.

Nov. 21, 2012.

Richard L. Neumeier, with whom Joshua P. Briefel and Morrison Mahoney, LLP were on brief, for appellant.

Ralph A. Weber, with whom Paul C. Catsos, Thompson & Bowie, LLP, Shawn K. Stevens, and Gass Weber Mullins LLC were on brief, for appellee.

Before LYNCH, Chief Judge, SELYA and STAHL, Circuit Judges.

PER CURIAM.

In this appeal, Greater Omaha Packing Company (“GOPAC”) asks this court to vacate a jury's unanimous finding that GOPAC supplied Fairbank Reconstruction Corporation (“Fairbank”) with E. coli-tainted beef, which Fairbank then packaged and shipped to two supermarkets in Maine, resulting in two women who bought meat there becoming seriously ill. There is no basis to upset the jury's verdict, and we affirm.

I.

GOPAC is a beef slaughtering and processing company, located in Omaha, Nebraska, that ships millions of pounds of beef each day to other meat processors throughout the country. One of GOPAC's products, known as a “combo,” is a container filled with two thousand pounds of meat and fat. Fairbank, a meat processing company, purchases combos from GOPAC and other suppliers; it then grinds and packages the combo meat and fat into retail-size packages of ground beef.

In the fall of 2009, thirty-two people in the northeastern United States were sickened by an outbreak of E. coli. The infections were traced to Fairbank's Ashville, New York facility, which ultimately had to recall approximately 500,000 pounds of ground beef. Two of the people infected in the outbreak, Margaret Long and Alice Smith, had purchased retail packages of ground beef from Shaw's supermarkets in Maine. They each sued Fairbank in federal court in Maine, seeking compensation for their medical expenses and other damages. Fairbank then filed third-party complaints against GOPAC in each suit, alleging that GOPAC had supplied Fairbankwith the tainted meat that ended up in the packages Long and Smith had purchased. Fairbank sought indemnification from GOPAC, under common law and contractual theories, in the event Fairbank was found liable to the individual plaintiffs.¹

Fairbank later settled Long's and Smith's claims for $100,000 and $400,000, respectively. Long and Smith both dismissed their complaints in March 2011, leaving only the third-party complaints by Fairbank against GOPAC. The district court consolidated those complaints into one case in August 2011, and the parties proceeded to a jury trial. The trial focused heavily on the “traceback” analyses that led Fairbank's experts to conclude that the contaminated meat could only have come from the GOPAC combos and not from another supplier's product. Fairbank also introduced evidence relating to the discovery of an allegedly identical strain of E. coli in GOPAC–supplied meat in California and to signs of unusually high contamination levels at GOPAC's plant on the day it shipped the allegedly tainted meat to Fairbank. GOPAC moved for judgment as a matter of law at the close of Fairbank's case, and the district court denied the motion.

After hearing six days of testimony, the jury returned special interrogatories finding that GOPAC had delivered adulterated beef containing E. coli bacteria to Fairbank and that this same adulterated beef was later consumed by Long and Smith. The district court denied, without opinion, GOPAC's post-trial motions for relief from judgment, judgment as a matter of law, and a new trial. This appeal followed.

II.

GOPAC raises two challenges on appeal. It first argues that it was entitled to judgment as a matter of law because the evidence was insufficient for a reasonable jury to conclude that GOPAC's meat was contaminated and that such meat was included in the packages Long and Smith purchased. SeeFed.R.Civ.P. 50(b).² GOPAC then argues that it is, at the least, entitled to a new trial, because the trial court erred in admitting the video deposition of GOPAC's former expert witness, Dr. Gerald Zirnstein. Neither argument succeeds.

We review de novo the denial of a motion for judgment as a matter of law following a jury verdict. Cortés–Reyes v. Salas–Quintana, 608 F.3d 41, 47 (1st Cir.2010). In conducting this review, “[w]e must determine whether, ‘viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the verdict, a rational jury could have found in favor of the party that prevailed.’ ” Id. (quoting Bisbal–Ramos v. City of Mayagüez, 467 F.3d 16, 22 (1st Cir.2006)). We will vacate the jury's verdict “[o]nly if the facts and inferences ‘point so strongly and overwhelmingly in favor of the movant that a reasonable jury could not have [returned the verdict].’ ” Id. (second alteration in original) (quoting Acevedo–Diaz v. Aponte, 1 F.3d 62, 66 (1st Cir.1993)).

In this case, there was ample evidence to support a rational jury's conclusionthat GOPAC was the source of the E. coli contamination that sickened Long and Smith. Fairbank offered the testimony of multiple expert witnesses who had examined Fairbank's internal production records as well as U.S. Department of Agriculture records and concluded that (1) GOPAC's combos were the only common denominator in all of Fairbank's products implicated in the outbreak; and (2) GOPAC's meat was in the packages that Fairbank shipped to Shaw's supermarkets on the relevant date, which Long and Smith later purchased. Fairbank also offered the video deposition of Zirnstein, an expert hired by GOPAC, who admitted that GOPAC was a “probable” source of the tainted beef. Further, Fairbank introduced circumstantial evidence that the same strain of E. coli which sickened Long and Smith had appeared in GOPAC meat in California, and that the GOPAC facility that shipped the meat to Fairbank had had other positive E. coli tests on the date of Fairbank's shipment.

The jury was free to credit this evidence and reasonably conclude that GOPAC supplied the adulterated meat and that Long and Smith ended up purchasing GOPAC's meat. To be sure, the evidence was hotly contested, with zealous advocacy on both sides. On appeal, GOPAC's primary line of attack on Fairbank's evidence is an argument that one of Fairbank's traceback reports (the “Hoffman report”) was “destroyed” on cross-examination when a Fairbank witness admitted that the report had relied on an invoice that referred to a date outside the period when the contamination occurred. GOPAC argues that the discrediting of this report discredited all of Fairbank's traceback evidence and compelled a verdict in its favor. The argument overstates matters. Fairbank's other experts...