Northwest Pump & Equipment Co. v. Stach
| Decision Date | 03 May 2000 |
| Citation | 167 Or. App. 64,1 P.3d 466 |
| Parties | NORTHWEST PUMP & EQUIPMENT COMPANY, a Washington corporation, Appellant, v. Richard STACH, Dave Schmidt, Joel Fosdick in their capacity as the Linn County Board Of Commissioners; Neil D. Michael in his capacity as Linn County Roadmaster; and Ace Tank & Equipment Co., a Washington corporation, Defendants, and Linn County, a political subdivision of the State of Oregon, Respondent. |
| Court | Oregon Court of Appeals |
Larry D. Moomaw, Beaverton, argued the cause for appellant. With him on the briefs were Brien Hildebrand and Moomaw, Miller & Hildebrand.
Bruce L. Mowery, Salem, argued the cause and filed the brief for respondent.
Before EDMONDS, Presiding Judge, and ARMSTRONG and KISTLER, Judges.
Plaintiff appeals from a judgment that awarded it attorney fees under ORS 279.067(4). It contends that the court abused its discretion by awarding only $25,000 of the $79,000 that plaintiff had sought in fees. We vacate the award and remand for entry of findings that are sufficient to determine whether the court acted within its discretion in awarding fees.
The attorney-fee award arises out of litigation over defendant's compliance with public contract law. Pursuant to that law, plaintiff submitted a bid for a contract to provide materials for the construction of gasoline storage tanks and pumping equipment for defendant. Although plaintiff's bid was lower than that of the only other bidder, defendant awarded the contract to the other bidder. Plaintiff thereafter filed an action against defendant and the successful bidder alleging violations of ORS 279.029(1), which requires that contracts for public improvements be awarded to the "lowest responsible bidder," as well as other provisions of ORS chapter 279, the administrative rules governing public contracts, and the Linn County Code (LCC).
In addition to declaratory and injunctive relief, bid preparation costs, and attorney fees and costs, plaintiff's original complaint sought damages for lost profits that plaintiff allegedly would have earned on the contract. Plaintiff dropped its claim for lost profits approximately two years after it filed its original complaint. It dropped its claim for injunctive relief on the morning of the preliminary injunction hearing, apparently after having been repeatedly told by opposing counsel that an injunction would not likely issue because the improvements had been substantially completed.
The trial court granted partial summary judgment to plaintiff on liability. It concluded that defendant had used brand names in its bid solicitation in violation of ORS 279.017, had failed to comply with the advertising requirements of ORS 279.025 and LCC 2.30.310, and had accepted a bid that was over 30 days old in violation of LCC 2.30.180. The case went to trial on the remaining issues. After a bench trial, the court awarded plaintiff $4,000 in damages for its bid preparation costs.
Based on that award, plaintiff petitioned for an award of attorney fees under ORS 279.067(4).1 Plaintiff requested approximately $79,000 in attorney fees and presented expert testimony on the reasonableness of that amount at a hearing. Defendant raised several objections. First, it argued that a substantial portion of plaintiff's attorney fees was attributable to plaintiff's claim for lost profits, which plaintiff eventually abandoned because it concluded that lost profits are not recoverable under ORS chapter 279. Defendant also argued that plaintiff's trial tactics, particularly its refusal to disclose its bid preparation costs until the eve of trial, impeded settlement and thereby inflated the attorney fees. Defendant also contended that the requested amount of $79,000 improperly included fees incurred in suing the successful bidder and that the requested fee was unreasonable under DR 2-106 of the Code of Professional Responsibility.
On appeal, plaintiff argues that the trial court was required to accept its requested fee as reasonable because it offered expert testimony on the reasonableness of its fee and defendant did not present expert testimony to establish that the fee was unreasonable. It also argues that an award of less than a third of the fees that it had incurred would undermine the goal of ORS 279.067 to encourage adversely affected bidders to enforce the public contract law through private action. Finally, plaintiff argues that the county's aggressive defense posture increased plaintiff's fees. Defendant counters that the low fee award was within the range of the trial court's discretion. After examining the record, we conclude that, without more detailed findings to support the award, we are unable to determine whether the court acted within its discretion in setting fees.
We have held that "[t]he amount of attorney fees [to be awarded is an issue] as to which the trial court has wide discretion." Parrott v. Carr Chevrolet, Inc., 156 Or.App. 257, 282, 965 P.2d 440 (1998) (citations omitted), rev. allowed 328 Or. 418 (1999). We have further explained that the "abuse of discretion standard tests only whether the trial court made a decision within the permissible range of choices," State v. Hewitt, 162 Or.App. 47, 52, 985 P.2d 884 (1999) (citations omitted), rev. allowed 330 Or. 252 (2000), and that "[a]n abuse of discretion occurs when a court exceeds the rules of law that circumscribe its authority," State v. Vasquez-Hernandez, 159 Or.App. 64, 72, 977 P.2d 400, rev. allowed 329 Or. 447, 994 P.2d 126 (1999).
While Oregon courts have broad discretion in setting attorney fees, the Supreme Court nonetheless requires them to enter findings that are sufficient to permit meaningful appellate review of their awards. See McCarthy v. Oregon Freeze Dry, Inc., 327 Or. 84, 96, 957 P.2d 1200,on recons. 327 Or. 185, 957 P.2d 1200 (1998).3 Although the findings need not be extensive, McCarthy, 327 Or. at 188, 957 P.2d 1200, the relevant case law indicates that courts must describe the effect of each of the factors on which they rely in setting fees. See McCarthy, 327 Or. at 188 n. 1, 957 P.2d 1200; Schoch v. Leupold & Stevens, 325 Or. 112, 119, 934 P.2d 410 (1997); Schoch v. Luepold & Stevens, 162 Or.App. 242, 248-50, 987 P.2d 13 (1999). Here, the trial court did not explain the degree to which each factor on which it relied affected its award.
The trial court noted, for example, that it would not award fees for time spent to pursue the claim for lost profits. Nonetheless, it failed to set out the amount of fees that it attributed to the prosecution of that claim. The trial court similarly failed to set forth the reduction that it assigned to plaintiff's apparent failure to calculate bid costs until the eve of trial, to the misrepresentations that the equipment manufacturer made to defendant on plaintiff's behalf, and to the other intangible factors that the court identified as affecting its decision, such as the balance of the equities. Although the trial court had discretion in setting the fee, we cannot determine whether it acted within that discretion without more comprehensive findings.
Award of attorney fees vacated and remanded;...
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...An abuse of discretion occurs when a court exceeds the rules that circumscribe its authority. Northwest Pump & Equipment Co. v. Stach , 167 Or. App. 64, 69, 1 P.3d 466 (2000). When a losing party opposes the allowance of attorney fees, "the successful party bears the burden of proving the a......