Jayne v. Mason & Dixon Lines

• Decision Date: 23 December 1941
• Docket Number: No. 100.,100.
• Parties: JAYNE v. MASON & DIXON LINES, Inc. (two cases).
• Court: U.S. Court of Appeals — Second Circuit

124 F.2d 317 (1941)

JAYNE v. MASON & DIXON LINES, Inc. (two cases).

No. 100.

Circuit Court of Appeals, Second Circuit.

December 23, 1941.

Francis J. Nicosia, of Brooklyn, N. Y., for Mary and Edmund Jayne.

Harold L. Fierman, of New York City, and Kaye, Scholer, Fierman & Hays, of New York City (Milton Kunen, of New York City, of counsel), for defendant.

Before L. HAND, CLARK, and FRANK, Circuit Judges.

L. HAND, Circuit Judge.

The defendant appeals from a judgment against it for damages for personal injuries suffered by the plaintiff, Mary Jayne, in a collision between its motor truck, with a trailer attached, and a motor car in which she was being driven by her husband. Both she and he brought the action, and the case was tried to a jury which brought in a verdict against him and for her. The defendant raises the following points: (1) That the verdicts were inconsistent and cannot stand; (2) that the evidence did not support a verdict; (3) that the judge erred in excluding a piece of documentary evidence. The facts in brief were as follows. The plaintiffs' motor was moving south upon a two-lane highway in New York, which sloped slightly to the south and curved very slowly to the west. The defendant's truck and trailer were coming north; and the collision was between the left forward mudguard of the motor and the left rear wheel of the trailer. The plaintiffs' testimony was that the trailer and the truck "jackknifed" just as the motor was passing and the trailer suddenly veered over upon their half of the road; by "jackknifed" they merely meant that instead of keeping in line, the two vehicles made an angle with each other. The jury may not have accepted this version of the collision — which indeed does seem somewhat improbable — and they did not have to do so, because there was ample evidence, especially from the location of the broken glass, that the motor did not leave the west half of the road. They might therefore have found that in coming along the curve the driver of the truck had allowed the trailer to encroach upon that half of the road. Section 67(2) of the New York Vehicle and Traffic Law, Consol. Laws, c. 71, provides that persons driving motors who meet other "vehicles" "shall reasonably turn * * * to the right of the center of such highway so as to pass without interference." Violation of this law has twice been held to be actionable. Schwartz v. Fletcher, 238 App.Div. 554, 265 N.Y.S. 277; Fitzgerald v. Middlebrook, 249 App.Div. 701, 291 N.Y.S. 193. We have all suffered repeatedly from this dangerous practice, and it will support a recovery. See Bragdon v. Kellogg, 118 Me. 42, 105 A. 433, 6 A.L.R. 669. There is therefore no substance in the defendant's argument that there was no evidence of fault against it.

As to the supposed inconsistency between the verdict for the wife and that against the husband, it is easily understood. The jury may well have concluded that for the husband to drive his car into collision with the trailer in plain sight was negligent, even though the trailer was over upon his half of the road, and that, since each fault contributed to the collision, the husband's barred his recovery. Not so, as to the wife, to whom his fault was not to be imputed. We do not mean to imply however that we should have thought it fatal to the wife's recovery if no rational reconciliation of the verdicts was possible. Dunn v. United States, 284 U.S. 390, 52 S.Ct. 189, 76 L.Ed. 356, 80 A.L.R. 161.

The last point is the exclusion of evidence, and it arose as follows. The defendant called its driver who testified that the collision had happened upon a straight stretch of road. Upon cross-examination the plaintiffs produced an official form which he had filled out after the collision as the law required, and which had at its bottom a model diagram of a road with a curve at one end. The driver had marked the motor and trailer as in collision upon the curved part, and the plaintiffs tore off the diagram and put it alone in evidence to contradict him. Later the defendant offered another part of the report which had been just above the diagram and in which the driver, in complying with the printed direction: "Give brief and clear account of accident," had written: "Highway straight, road wet, #1 travelling N. #2 South. #2 travelling fast down grade applied brakes to slow down, skidded to left crashing into left side of trailer." This the judge excluded as incompetent; and the defendant...