Alexander v. State, 57416

• Decision Date: 03 February 1988
• Docket Number: No. 57416,57416
• Parties: George Lee ALEXANDER v. STATE of Mississippi.
• Court: Mississippi Supreme Court

Page 127

520 So.2d 127

George Lee ALEXANDER v. STATE of Mississippi.

No. 57416.

Supreme Court of Mississippi.

Feb. 3, 1988.

Rehearing Denied March, 9, 1988.

James D. Minor, Minor & Barnes, Oxford, for appellant.

Edwin Lloyd Pittman and Mike Moore, Attys. Gen. by Deirdre D. McCrory, Sp. Asst. Atty. Gen., Jackson, for appellee.

Before ROY NOBLE LEE, C.J., and PRATHER and ZUCCARO, JJ.

PRATHER, Justice, for the court:

George Lee Alexander, the appellant, was convicted of attempted rape and sentenced as an habitual criminal to a term of ten years in the custody of the Mississippi Department of Corrections at Parchman, Mississippi, without reduction or suspension, or eligibility for parole or pardon. Aggrieved by the action below, Mr. Alexander has perfected his appeal to this Court, assigning that the lower court erred:

(1) In failing to sustain appellant's demurrer to the indictment which did not state an overt act toward commission of rape;

(2) In failing to grant a directed verdict, the verdict of the jury being against the overwhelming weight of the evidence; and

(3) In allowing improper closing argument by the district attorney.

STATEMENT OF THE FACTS

On June 26, 1985, Cynthia McChesney was a patient in the Oxford-Lafayette County Hospital. At approximately 3:00 a.m., she awoke when a towel was placed over her face and someone said the words to the effect of, "This is not a doctor; do not scream." As she was having difficulty breathing, McChesney tried to push the towel away, but discontinued her effort when the man threatened to hurt her if she removed it. The man also informed her that the two of them "were going to have sexual intercourse."

Thereafter, McChesney managed to remove the towel and to observe the man through half-shut eyes. The man persisted and tried to pull up her shirt. At that point, McChesney pushed him away and pressed the nurse's button. A few seconds later, McChesney heard a nurse offering assistance. McChesney replied something to the effect of "Help". Thereafter, the man "ran out the door."

At trial, McChesney identified Mr. Alexander as her assailant. McChensey testified

that the man several times threatened her with harm if she did not cooperate. She also said she was afraid he would carry out his threat and he would rape her. The defendant was observed by two nurses in the hospital, one of whom positively identified him at trial as the one who exited from McChesney's room. The defendant was taken into custody near the hospital by the description given by the victim. He had a hospital towel around his neck.

PROPOSITION I

DID THE TRIAL COURT ERR IN FAILING TO SUSTAIN APPELLANT'S

DEMURRER TO THE INDICTMENT WHICH DID NOT STATE AN

OVERT ACT TOWARD THE COMMISSION OF THE CRIME?

In arguing the first proposition, the appellant, George Lee Alexander, (hereinafter Alexander) outlined a pertinent portion of the indictment. The indictment reads as follows:

George Lee Alexander (a male person over the age of 18) late of the county aforesaid, on the 26th day of June in the year of our Lord 1985, in the county aforesaid, did unlawfully and feloniously design, endeavor and attempt to rape and forcibly ravish Cynthia McChesney, a female person over the age of twelve years, by forcibly placing a towel over her face and announcing his intention to have sexual intercourse with her while admonishing her not to scream, but failing in his attempt, ... contrary to the form of the statute in such cases made and provided, against the peace and dignity of the State of Mississippi.

With respect to this indictment, counsel for Mr. Alexander dictated a demurrer into the record. Respectively, the lower court overruled the demurrer. The substance of Alexander's claim was that there was no overt act alleged to show an attempted rape.

In addressing Alexander's claim, this Court turns to the reasoning in Harden v. State, 465 So.2d 321 (Miss.1985). In Harden, the defendant was charged with attempting to rape his victim. The indictment stated:

... By attacking the said Janice Griffin and by making lewd suggestions to her regarding sexual intercourse with her and further by violently making an assault upon said Janice Griffin ...

Id. at 322-324. Analyzing the issue of the sufficiency of the foregoing indictment under 2.05 of the Mississippi Uniform Criminal Rules of Circuit Court Practice, this Court in Harden held, "The wording of the indictment is fully sufficient ... to notify the defendant ... that he had been charged with attempted rape ..." Id. at 324.

Before applying the reasoning of Harden to the case at bar, this Court wishes to review the precedent set out in Rule 2.05 of Mississippi Uniform Criminal Rules of Circuit Court Practice. This rule states:

The indictment upon which the defendant is to be tried shall be a plain, concise and definite written statement of the essential facts constituting offense charges and shall fully notify the defendant of the nature and cause of the accusation against him. Formal or technical words are not necessary in an indictment, if the offense can be substantially described without them.

Following the criteria of this rule, this Court in Harden writes, "If an indictment reasonably provides the accused this actual notice and includes the seven specific items enumerated in the rule, is sufficient." Harden, 465 So.2d at 324.

With this reasoning in mind, this Court urges that Harden is factually indistinguishable from the case at bar. The present enactment, similar to the one in Harden, charges a lewd suggestion combined with a physical act, the placing of a towel over the victim's face. Therein, this Court believes that the overt act was suitable for the ultimate commission of a rape.

This Court concludes that the wording of the present indictment is sufficient to notify Alexander that he had been charged with attempted rape. There was no error in the trial court's ruling on the indictment.

PROPOSITION 2

DID THE TRIAL COURT ERR IN FAILING TO GRANT A DIRECTED VERDICT?

Defense counsel points out that his "second assignment of error is largely a continuation of the first." Therein, counsel cautions that the evidence at trial did not indicate any attempt of Alexander to obtain penetration of the victim.

In line with this assertion, counsel for Alexander asserts, "The only act arguably extending toward forced sexual intercourse was the attempt to raise a t-shirt which covered another garment underneath." Thereto, counsel also asserts that Alexander obviously abandoned any attempt to rape McChesney.

In reviewing Alexander's argument, the Court reduces the appellant's argument to two elements: (1) no forcible acts were committed against the victim and (2) that any attempt was abandoned.

With these elements in mind, the Court believes that Harden v. State is controlling case law on these points. In Harden, this Court explains:

Central to this case is the matter of how much of an overt act must be committed before one is guilty under the laws of this state of the crime of attempted rape. We hold that a lewd suggestion to the victim coupled with the defendant's physical grabbing his victim and attempting to carry her away only to have her break free are under the facts of this case sufficient. Id. at 322.

The Court holds that appellant's no forcible acts argument is disputed first by the record. More specifically,...