Allen v. Birmingham Southern R. Co.

• Decision Date: 03 May 1923
• Docket Number: 6 Div. 755.
• Citation: 97 So. 93,210 Ala. 41
• Parties: ALLEN v. BIRMINGHAM SOUTHERN R. CO.
• Court: Alabama Supreme Court

97 So. 93

210 Ala. 41

ALLEN v. BIRMINGHAM SOUTHERN R. CO.

6 Div. 755.

Supreme Court of Alabama

May 3, 1923

Rehearing Denied June 14, 1923.

Appeal from Circuit Court, Jefferson County; J. C. B. Gwin, Judge.

Action for damages by Claude A. Allen against the Birmingham Southern Railroad Company. From a judgment for defendant plaintiff appeals. Reversed and remanded.

Charles A. Calhoun and John T. Glover, both of Birmingham, for appellant.

Goodwyn & Ross, of Bessemer, and Percy, Benners & Burr, of Birmingham, for appellee.

MILLER J.

The appellant, Claude A. Allen, sues the appellee, the Southern Railroad Company, a corporation, to recover for personal injuries and injuries to his automobile, caused by a collision at a crossing of the defendant's railroad track on the public road leading from Birmingham to a resort at West Lake.

There were four counts in the complaint. Counts 1 and 2 relied upon simple negligence for a recovery. Count 3 relied for recovery upon the alleged wanton acts of the servant or agent of the defendant, whose name is unknown to the plaintiff, while acting within the line and scope of his authority as such in the operation of the train, etc. Count 4 relied for recovery upon the alleged willful, wanton, or intentional wrong of the defendant's servants or agents while acting within the line and scope of their employment, etc. The plaintiff withdrew counts 1 and 2. Demurrers were overruled by the court to count 3, and sustained as to count 4.

The cause was submitted to the jury under count 3, and the general issue filed to it by the defendant. The jury returned a verdict in favor of the defendant and judgment was rendered thereon by the court, from which judgment the plaintiff prosecutes this appeal.

The judgment of the court sustaining demurrers of the defendant to count 4 is not assigned as error, and is not argued by appellant, so it will not be considered by this court. Erwin v. Reese, 54 Ala. 589; 1 Michie, Dig. p. 465 § 719 (1) and (4).

Count 3 alleges that plaintiff on July 8, 1920, while occupying and driving his automobile along a public road about a mile west of the town of Brighton, was engaged in crossing a railroad track used by defendant for its business, and while crossing said track a train or some part of a train of defendant struck plaintiff's automobile, breaking and crushing it and also breaking two ribs of plaintiff, lacerating his head, etc. This count also contains the following averments:

"That the injuries aforesaid to his person and to his said automobile were proximately caused by reason and as a direct consequence of the wanton acts of the servant or agent of the defendant, whose name is to the plaintiff unknown, while acting within the line and scope of his authority as such in the operation of said train along and over said railroad track at said point at the time and place of the said collision of said train, or some part thereof, with plaintiff's said automobile, to the plaintiff's damage aforesaid."

The public road and the railroad track each approached the crossing in a deep cut, "the embankment of which obscured the vision of both the trainmen and the plaintiff until both were practically upon the crossing." The plaintiff testified:

"I did not stop completely for the crossing, and I never did get any slower down than five miles to eight miles an hour when I was crossing the railroad. *** I only saw the train when it was an arm's length from me. I glanced both ways just as I got on the track, and the next minute the train hit me. I do tell the jury that I didn't see the train until it was an arm's length from me."

Written charges 3, 4, and 8, requested by the defendant, were given by the court; they are assigned separately, but argued jointly. These charges instruct the jury that plaintiff could not recover for "hospital service," "doctor's services," and "for medicine." These are compensatory damages; they are claimed in count 3 of the complaint, and they can be recovered, if proven, under a wanton negligence count. Payne v. Smitherman, 206 Ala. 591, headnote 3, 91 So. 575; Clinton Min. Co. v. Bradford, 200 Ala. 308, headnote 13, 76 So. 74.

There was evidence tending to show that plaintiff on account of the injuries incurred liability for hospital services, doctor's services, and for medicine. These charges (3, 4, and 8) should have been given by the court; but in this case it was not reversible error to refuse them, as the jury by their verdict found the defendant's servant was not guilty of wanton negligence. The verdict was in favor of the defendant, and plaintiff was not entitled to recover any damages. Wilson Bros. v. M. & O. R. Co., 208 Ala. 581, 94 So. 721, headnote 5.

The court gave the jury at defendant's request charges Nos. 12, 16, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, and 33. These charges are separately assigned as errors, but they are grouped and treated jointly in brief. Each charge relates to and charges on the contributory negligence of the plaintiff. Count 3, which was a wanton negligence count, was the only one submitted to the jury. The contributory negligence of the plaintiff, if any, was no bar to the right of plaintiff to recover for the wanton conduct, if true, of the defendant's servant while acting in the line and scope of his employment. As the wanton count was the sole one on which the trial was had, the court could have properly refused to instruct the jury as to the contributory negligence doctrine. A. G. S. R. Co. v. Russey, 190 Ala. 239, headnote 2, 67 So. 445; Southern Ry. Co. v. Fricks, 196 Ala. 61, 71 So. 701; A. G. S. R. Co. v. McFarlin, 174 Ala. 637, headnote 6, 56 So. 989.

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