Alvarado v. United States
| Decision Date | 23 November 1925 |
| Docket Number | No. 4622.,4622. |
| Citation | 9 F.2d 385 |
| Parties | ALVARADO v. UNITED STATES. |
| Court | U.S. Court of Appeals — Ninth Circuit |
William J. Gloria and Robert L. Levy, both of San Francisco, Cal., for plaintiff in error.
Geo. J. Hatfield, U. S. Atty., and T. J. Sheridan, Asst. U. S. Atty., both of San Francisco, Cal.
Before HUNT, RUDKIN, and McCAMANT, Circuit Judges.
Defendant was convicted on four counts. Counts 1 and 3 charge him with forging checks on the Treasurer of the United States by writing the names of the payees on the backs thereof. Counts 2 and 4 charge him with uttering and selling these forged checks with intent to defraud the United States and others named in the indictment.
The first assignment of error challenges the sufficiency of the indictment. The fourth count charges that the defendant did "willfully, knowingly, and feloniously pass, utter, publish, and sell to some person, whose exact name is to the grand jurors unknown, a certain genuine obligation and security of the United States," etc. Defendant cites Durland v. U. S., 161 U. S. 306, 314, 16 S. Ct. 508, 40 L. Ed. 709, U. S. v. Riley (C. C.) 74 F. 210, 212, and Naftzger v. U. S., 200 F. 494, 501, 502, 118 C. C. A. 598, to the effect that the name should have been set forth in the indictment, if it was known to the grand jury. There is no bill of exceptions, and nothing in the record to show that the grand jury was advised of the name of the person to whom the check was sold. In the absence of such showing, the count is good.
It is also contended that the forgery of an indorsement on a check of the United States is not a crime under the federal statute. Section 148 of the Criminal Code (R. S. § 5414; Barnes' Code, § 9845; Comp. St. § 10318) is as follows: "Whoever, with intent to defraud, shall falsely make, forge, counterfeit, or alter any obligation or other security of the United States shall be fined," etc. Section 147 of the Criminal Code (R. St. § 5413; Barnes' Code, § 9844; Comp. St. 10317) expressly declares that "cheeks, or drafts for money, drawn by or upon authorized officers of the United States" are obligations or other securities of the United States. The Circuit Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit has recently held that the forgery of the indorsement on such a check is a crime under the statute above quoted. Hamil v. U. S. (C. C. A.) 298 F. 369, 371. This conclusion is supported by U. S. v. Jolly (D. C.) 37 F. 108, and De Lemos v. U. S., 91 F. 497, 33 C. C. A. 655. We believe it to be the law.
Error is also assigned on the denial of defendant's motion for a new trial. This court has repeatedly held that it will not review the happenings at the trial under an...
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