Arden-Mayfair, Inc. v. Patterson

• Decision Date: 30 June 1980
• Docket Number: INC,No. CC,ARDEN-MAYFAI,CC
• Citation: 613 P.2d 1062,46 Or.App. 849
• Parties: , Appellant-Cross-Respondent, v. Randall O. PATTERSON and Arlene J. Patterson, dba Astoria Frozen Foods, Respondents-Cross-Appellants. 77-553; CA 13953.
• Court: Oregon Court of Appeals

Page 1062

613 P.2d 1062

46 Or.App. 849

ARDEN-MAYFAIR, INC., Appellant-Cross-Respondent, v. Randall O. PATTERSON and Arlene J. Patterson, dba Astoria Frozen Foods, Respondents-Cross-Appellants.

No. CC 77-553; CA 13953.

Court of Appeals of Oregon.

Argued and Submitted March 24, 1980.

Decided June 30, 1980.

S. Ward Greene, Portland, argued the cause for appellant-cross-respondent. With him on the briefs was Otting & Enz, P. C., Portland.

D. Richard Fischer, Astoria, argued the cause for respondents-cross-appellants. With him on the brief was Larson & Fischer, Astoria.

Before JOSEPH, P. J., and WARDEN and WARREN, JJ.

WARDEN, Judge.

The defendants will be designated singularly in this opinion, referring to Arlene J. Patterson only. She was awarded the interest of defendant Randall O. Patterson in the business, Astoria Frozen Foods, in a marriage dissolution proceeding prior to trial of this case.

This appeal arises out of plaintiff's action on a promissory note and defendant's counterclaim for overpayment of the note. The jury found for defendant on her counterclaim in the sum of $10,500. The trial court ordered judgment in that sum with interest at the rate of 6% per annum from the first day of August, 1976, and awarded defendant $6087.50 accounting fees as a part of defendant's costs and disbursements. Both parties appeal. We affirm the judgment for defendant in the sum found by the jury and the trial court's award of accounting fees, but we reverse the allowance of prejudgment interest.

Plaintiff and defendant began doing business in 1965. Plaintiff supplied ice cream and other dairy products to defendant, who was both a jobber for plaintiff, delivering products to direct customers of plaintiff, and also a purchaser, reselling products for defendant's own profit. Defendant was billed for every item she picked up from plaintiff's warehouse in Portland, including a charge for milk containers, regardless of whether she was purchasing products for resale or for delivery to plaintiff's direct customers. Plaintiff later issued credits to defendant for transactions she handled merely as jobber. The credit equaled the purchase price of the products plus a profit to defendant for servicing the account. Plaintiff also issued credits for damaged products, billing errors and returned milk containers.

Prior to 1973, defendant's account balance was never greater than a few thousand dollars. Difficulties arose in 1973, when plaintiff's billings to defendant began to show that defendant owed between $10,000 and $13,000, though there was little change in defendant's purchases or her deliveries to plaintiff's customers.

In March, 1973, defendant met with plaintiff's accounts receivable manager and one of its bookkeepers in Portland to try to reconcile the account. At that time, defendant's statement showed a balance of $13,000. The parties determined that the defendant actually owed plaintiff approximately $3500. Defendant wrote plaintiff a draft for $3500. Plaintiff was to correct errors on future statements.

Despite the apparent resolution of the matter, defendant's statements continued to show large balances due. Plaintiff continued to demand payments of these amounts. Defendant refused to pay. In June, 1973, defendant was put on a cash basis. Thereafter, defendant paid for each item as it was picked up from plaintiff's warehouse.

Disagreement as to the amount owed continued until August, 1973, when defendant executed a promissory note for $16,585.23. In exchange for the note, plaintiff agreed to issue to defendant all credits due her. Defendant paid on the note until September, 1976. At that time, she stopped doing business with plaintiff.

Plaintiff commenced this action in September, 1977, for the balance claimed due on the note. Defendant counterclaimed in August, 1978, for $10,500.51, alleging that she had overpaid plaintiff by this amount because credits due her had not been applied against the note.

In late November, 1978, the parties signed a stipulation wherein they agreed to retain the accounting firm of Yergen and Meyer to attempt to arrive at a balance of the parties' account. The parties further agreed that the losing party in this litigation would pay the accounting fees.

The Yergen and Meyer accountant worked from a balance of $3577.71, the sum agreed by the parties to be the true balance as of November 4, 1972. From that time forward the accountant had to reconstruct the account from the records of the parties. The accountant reviewed the charges and credits from November, 1972, until June, 1973, when defendant was placed on a cash basis. After June, 1973, the accountant had to look for credits due defendant, and to determine whether defendant actually received them. The accountant did not examine the parties' records of their dealings past September, 1973, when defendant signed the promissory note.

The accountant admitted in her testimony that she could not determine exactly the state of the account between the parties, but she explained what she did find. She relied primarily on plaintiff's accounts receivable records. Using only the figures from those records which she could verify from actual invoices, the accountant found $8708.82 due defendant from plaintiff. Defendant's testimony allowed an inference of overpayment of nearly $11,000. The jury found for defendant in the sum of $10,500. The trial judge ruled that defendant was entitled to prejudgment interest on that sum from August 1, 1976. Finally, the judge assessed accounting fees of $6087.50 against plaintiff as a part of defendant's costs and disbursements.

The accounting firm has actually submitted a bill for $7750. The trial court subtracted from that sum $162.50, the accounting firm's billing for appearances in court, and $1500 of the bill for work done in November, 1978.

Plaintiff first contends that the trial court erred in failing to instruct the jury that if it found for defendant, the upper limit of the award must be the amount arrived at by the accountant. No exception was made to the instructions, however, and therefore, we will not consider them on appeal. City of Portland v. Hoffman Construction Co., 286 Or. 789, 805, 596 P.2d 1305 (1979), former ORS 17.510. ¹

Plaintiff also assigned as error the trial court's denial of plaintiff's motion for a new trial. Plaintiff based its motion for a new trial on "surprise," ORS 17.610(3), because the report of the accounting firm was not presented to plaintiff's counsel until the second day of trial. The accountant had just completed the report. Defendant's attorney also received the report at that time. Counsel made no motion for continuance, nor any other effort to mitigate surprise upon receipt of the report. "(A)n order denying a motion for a new trial is not appealable where the grounds of the motion could have been, but were not, urged prior to judgment." Schafer v. Fraser, 206 Or. 446, 290 P.2d 190 (1956). Therefore, we decline to review the denial of a new trial on the basis of surprise.

The second ground upon which plaintiff bases its motion for a new trial is that the verdict for defendant, in the amount prayed for by that party, reflected a jury acting under the influence of passion or prejudice. Plaintiff contends that the fact that some of the jurors knew defendant and the accountants who testified for defendant supports the conclusion that the verdict was the result of passion or prejudice. Acquaintance of a juror with a party is more a matter for challenge at voir dire than for motion after trial. Moreover, plaintiff has offered no evidence that such facts prejudiced the jurors favorably toward defendant. See Huston v. Trans-Mark Services, 45 Or.App. 801, 609 P.2d 848 (1980). After careful examination of the record, we cannot "affirmatively say there is no evidence in the record to support the verdict." Or.Const., amended art. VII § 3. The accountant was unwilling to conclude that any amount was due defendant in excess of what she could verify by cross-checking the accounts receivable against the invoices. She testified that in June, 1973, plaintiff was claiming that defendant owed $10,734.56 more than the sum she found to be due at that time and that " * * * there was $30,000 of credits that I could not identify." This evidence, together with defendant's testimony, is sufficient to support the jury verdict.

We find no merit in plaintiff's additional argument that under ORS 18.160 ² it should have been given relief from the judgment. The aim of this statute is that "the rights of the litigants shall be determined on the merits of the controversy," Morrell v. Lane County, 35 Or.App. 793, 582 P.2d 847 (1978). It applies to judgments and decrees taken by default. It has no application to a case where the parties had the benefit of a three-day jury trial.

Plaintiff's third assignment of error on appeal and defendant's first assignment of error on her cross-appeal both address the sum of accountant's fees the trial court ordered plaintiff to pay. The assessment of the fees allowed the accounting firm's charges for work done from November 29, 1978, the date of the stipulation, through the time of trial. Plaintiff argues that the attorneys for the parties withdrew the accounting firm's...