Arkansas Fuel Oil Co v. State of Louisiana Muslow

• Citation: 304 U.S. 197,82 L.Ed. 1287,58 S.Ct. 832
• Decision Date: 02 May 1938
• Docket Number: No. 760,760
• Parties: ARKANSAS FUEL OIL CO. v. STATE OF LOUISIANA ex rel. MUSLOW
• Court: U.S. Supreme Court

304 U.S. 197

58 S.Ct. 832

82 L.Ed. 1287

ARKANSAS FUEL OIL CO.

v STATE OF LOUISIANA ex rel. MUSLOW.

No. 760.

Argued April 7, 1938.

Decided May 2, 1938.

Messrs. Robert Roberts, Jr., and H. C. Walker, Jr., both of Shreveport, La., for appellant.

Mr. John B. Files, of Shreveport, La., for appellee.

Mr. Justice BLACK delivered the opinion of the Court.

Appellant (defendant below) challenges Act No. 64 of 1934 of Louisiana on the ground that the Act 'if enforced * * *, in the manner relied upon * * *, would require * * * (appellant) to pay to * * * (appellee) the value of property which did not belong and never has belonged to * * * (appellee), thereby leaving (appellant) responsible and liable to the true owner of such property for the value thereof, and in that manner depriving * * * (appellant) of its property without due process of law, and denying to it the equal protection of the laws contrary to the provisions and requirements in the Constitution of the United States and of the State of Louisiana.'

The act (the pertinent part of which is set out below)¹ provides that a purchaser of oil can extinguish the indebtedness for the oil (as against all other parties) by paying the person who drilled and sold it under a lease from the last 'record owner,' if the recorded instrument of conveyance is sufficient to pass title in Louisiana, and in the absence of any suit filed to test the title of the land or oil or due notice by registered mail of the filing of such suit. Section 3 authorized purchasers to delay payment for purchases previously made until a lapse of 60 days after effective date of the act (August 1, 1934), and denied protection to purchasers who paid the 'last record' owner before the expiration of that period. The Louisiana Court of Appeal decided this 60-day period was in effect a short statute of limitations as against any possible owners not shown of record.

The district court of Caddo parish rendered judgment for appellee. The Louisiana Court of Appeal, Second Circuit, sustained² and the Supreme Court of Louisiana denied certiorari. The presiding judge of the Louisiana Court of Appeal granted an appeal to this Court under authority of 28 U.S.C. § 344(a), 28 U.S.C.A. § 344(a).

The record discloses that:

May 24, 1927, Ackerman Oil Company, a corporation, by its president and secretary, executed a deed to A. C. Best and Sherman G. Spurr for the land in question, which was duly recorded as provided by Louisiana law. April 18, 1933, Best and Spurr executed an oil lease to Hyman Muslow (appellee) under which the owners would receive one-eighth of the oil produced and Muslow seven-eighths. Thereafter, Muslow entered upon the leased land; equipped a well; contracted to sell oil to the Louisiana Oil Refining Corporation;³ laid a mile and a half pipe line to appellant's line and—between July, 1933, and September, 1934 delivered oil to appellant under the contract of sale. May 20, 1935 Muslow filed suit under the 1934 Act for mandamus to require payment for the oil. An alternative writ of mandamus was issued returnable May 28, 1935, on which date the company filed petition in bankruptcy under section 77B of the National Bankruptcy Act, 11 U.S.C.A. § 207. Appellant later answered and did not question that it owed someone $445 for the oil, but asserted that the conveyance to Best and Spurr was not translative of title to the oil due to inadequate consideration and lack of authority on the part of the corporate officers who signed the deed. Denial was made that Best and Spurr were the true owners of the land, on the same grounds. The courts of Louisiana decided these questions against appellant. Appellant also alleged that '* * * the said lands, having been forfeited to the State of Louisiana for non-payment of taxes on July 31, 1915, as appears from the forfeiture * * * are the property of the State of Louisiana.' Concerning the statute under attack, the Court of Appeal of Louisiana has said:⁴

'We experience little difficulty in determining the legislative intent in adopting this act. It supplied a long-felt need, and in its operative effect will serve to prevent imposition upon and unjust discrimination against those whom it was intended to protect. The act establishes a rule of conduct for the protection of lessors, and their assigns, under oil and gas leases, and also a rule of security and safety for lessees and those holding under or purchasing from them. * * * The act was designed also to protect those persons whose rights arose from or are based upon contracts with the last record owner of the lands covered thereby, and to those who deal with or acquire from such persons.'

Appellant contends that this law as applied would enable Muslow to recover the value of the oil delivered to appellant 'which * * * (Muslow) did not own' and that appellant would also be left responsible to the true owner of the oil. The court below, La.App., 176 So. 686, 690, said that 'Over eight years had elapsed when this suit was filed and the company (transferor in the deed of record), the only person to complain, had not raised its voice in protest of its officers' action.' (Italics supplied.) Although nearly 11 years have elapsed since deed was made to Best and Spurr and almost 4 years since ...