Attorney General v. Ambassador Ins. Co.

• Decision Date: 07 April 1988
• Docket Number: Docket No. 90697
• Citation: 421 N.W.2d 271,166 Mich.App. 687
• Parties: ATTORNEY GENERAL of the State of Michigan, ex rel. and Commissioner of Insurance of the State of Michigan, Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. AMBASSADOR INSURANCE COMPANY, Defendant-Appellee, and Sonya R. Wise and Ben R. Torian, Intervening Defendants, Cross-Plaintiffs, Counter-Plaintiffs-Appellants.
• Court: Court of Appeal of Michigan — District of US

Page 271

421 N.W.2d 271

166 Mich.App. 687

ATTORNEY GENERAL of the State of Michigan, ex rel. and Commissioner of Insurance of the State of Michigan, Plaintiffs-Appellees, v. AMBASSADOR INSURANCE COMPANY, Defendant-Appellee and Sonya R. Wise and Ben R. Torian, Intervening Defendants Cross-Plaintiffs, Counter-Plaintiffs-Appellants.

Docket No. 90697.

Court of Appeals of Michigan.

Submitted Dec. 15, 1987.

Decided March 7, 1988.

Released for Publication April 7, 1988.

Frank J. Kelley, Atty. Gen., Louis J. Caruso, Sol. Gen., and Harry G. Iwasko, Jr., and William A. Chenoweth, Asst. Attys. Gen., for plaintiffs-appellees.

Linda G. Selbst, Southfield, for Sonya R. Wise and Ben R. Torian.

Before HOOD, P.J., and SAWYER and JACKSON, ^* JJ.

HOOD, Presiding Judge.

Intervening defendants, cross-plaintiffs, counter-plaintiffs-appellants, Sonya R. Wise and Ben R. Torian (intervenors), appeal by leave granted from the decision of the Ingham Circuit Court in favor of plaintiffs-appellees, the Attorney General and the Commissioner of Insurance. The Ingham Circuit Court held that the intervenors were not able to satisfy their default judgment against defendant-appellee Ambassador Insurance Company from a special deposit made by Ambassador with the State of Michigan, despite an order of the 36th District Court compelling the insurance commissioner to turn the special deposit over to the intervenors. Some chronology of events is necessary for an understanding of the case.

On March 13, 1981, intervenors stopped at Macombo's Lounge in Detroit for a drink. While in the bar, they were allegedly attacked and beaten by other bar patrons. Macombo's was insured by defendant Ambassador Insurance Company, a Vermont insurer not admitted to do business in Michigan. Ambassador was operating as a legal surplus lines insurer. Intervenors filed suit against Macombo's Lounge in Wayne Circuit Court. Macombo's failed to respond to the complaint and was defaulted by intervenors. Intervenors obtained a default judgment against Macombo's in the amount of $150,108 on August 21, 1981. However, intervenors did not provide Macombo's the seven-day notice required by GCR 1963, 520.2(2), now MCR 2.603(B)(1)(b).

Intervenors proceeded to enforce their judgment against Macombo's by serving a writ of garnishment on Ambassador. Ambassador failed to file a disclosure to the writ of garnishment. A default judgment was entered against Ambassador on March 12, 1982. On April 13, 1982, intervenors served a writ of garnishment on the state treasurer. The state treasurer filed a disclosure indicating that he was in possession of a "special deposit" made by Ambassador pursuant to M.C.L. § 500.1921(1); M.S.A. § 24.11921(1) in the form of a Kentucky Turnpike Authority Certificate with a par value of $100,000. At the time of the disclosure the certificate or bond had a market value of approximately $65,000. Special deposits are statutorily mandated for the protection of Michigan policyholders and beneficiaries.

On May 14, 1982, intervenors obtained an order from the Wayne Circuit Court compelling the treasurer to surrender the bond to the clerk of the court. This Court, on May 17, 1982, acting on a motion brought by Ambassador in its appeal from the default judgment entered against it on March 12, 1982 (Docket No. 63522), ordered a stay of proceedings which prevented enforcement of the May 14 order to surrender the bond. On October 19, 1982, the Court of Appeals granted Macombo's delayed application for leave to appeal from the August 21, 1981, default judgment against it. That appeal (Docket No. 65317) was consolidated with Ambassador's appeal (Docket No. 63522) from the default judgment entered against it on March 12, 1982.

This Court upheld the default, but reversed the default judgment against Macombo's and defendant in an unpublished per curiam opinion dated September 6, 1983, on the ground that Macombo's had not received the requisite seven-day notice. The case was remanded to the Wayne Circuit Court for a trial on the issue of damages.

Following this Court's decision, but prior to any proceedings on remand, defendant was, on November 10, 1983, placed in receivership by the Washington County Superior Court in Vermont at the request of the Vermont Commission of Banking and Insurance. The receivership was for the purpose of rehabilitation. The Vermont receiver applied to the Washington County Superior Court for an order of liquidation on March 30, 1984.

After the remand to the Wayne Circuit Court, the intervenors' case was mediated for $10,000. This resulted in the Wayne Circuit Court's removal of the case to the 36th District Court for trial pursuant to GCR 1963, 707 (now MCR 4.003). On August 10, 1984, the 36th District Court entered judgment against Macombo's in the amount of $57,893.35.

On September 4, 1984, the Vermont court declared defendant insolvent to the extent of over $45,000,000 and ordered its liquidation.

Intervenors obtained a second default judgment against defendant on October 5, 1984, when defendant again failed to respond to a writ of garnishment. On November 8, 1984, intervenors served a new affidavit and writ of garnishment on the state treasurer reciting the October 5, 1984, default judgment against defendant. On November 21, 1984, intervenors moved for an order from the 36th District Court compelling the state treasurer to surrender the bond. The motion cited and relied upon only the October 5, 1984, default judgment against defendant and the November 8, 1984, writ of garnishment served on the state treasurer. It did not refer to the 1982 writ of garnishment served on the state treasurer.

On December 6, 1984, the instant case was commenced as the Attorney General, at the request of the Commissioner of Insurance, filed a complaint for the ancillary receivership of defendant in the Ingham Circuit Court. On that same day, the circuit court ordered the appointment of the insurance commissioner as temporary ancillary receiver and directed her to take possession of all of defendant's property, including the special deposit held by the state treasurer.

On December 17, 1984, oral argument was held in the 36th District Court on intervenors' motion to compel surrender of the bond and the court issued a written opinion granting the motion. The written order granting the motion was not issued until January 29, 1985.

On January 9, 1985, oral argument was heard in the instant case in the Ingham Circuit Court. The issues included whether intervenors should be granted their motion to intervene in the instant matter and whether the Ingham Circuit Court's earlier order turning over the special deposit (bond) to the ancillary receiver should be rescinded.

On April 18, 1985, the Wayne Circuit Court stayed enforcement of the January 29, 1985, 36th District Court order compelling the treasurer to surrender the bond to intervenors.

On September 17, 1985, the Ingham Circuit Court granted intervenors' motion to intervene in the ancillary receivership, the instant case, but held the intervenors were not entitled to satisfy their judgment from the special deposit (bond), the contrary decision of the 36th District Court notwithstanding. The Ingham Circuit Court appointed the insurance commissioner permanent ancillary receiver and directed her to take possession of all the assets of defendant, including the special deposit.

On April 22, 1987, the Wayne Circuit Court affirmed the default judgment against defendant. The court held in abeyance the treasurer's appeal from the order compelling surrender of the bond pending the decision of this Court in the instant case.

We subsequently granted intervenors' delayed leave to appeal from the Ingham Circuit Court's ruling denying intervenors' claim to fully satisfy their judgment from the special deposit.

Intervenors argue that the 36th District Court had jurisdiction over the subject matter and the parties and that the Ingham Circuit Court's action improperly deprived them of their interest in the property in collateral proceedings. We disagree.

The State of Michigan has enacted the Uniform Insurers Liquidation Act. M.C.L. § 500.7836 et seq.; M.S.A. § 24.17836 et seq. One section of the act exists to prevent a race to the courthouse upon an insurance company's becoming delinquent and falling into receivership:

"During the pendency of delinquency proceedings in this or any reciprocal state, no action or proceeding in the nature of an attachment, garnishment, or execution shall be commenced or maintained in the courts of this state against the delinquent insurer or its assets. Any lien obtained by any such action or proceeding within 4 months prior to the commencement of any such delinquency proceeding or at any time thereafter shall be void as against any rights arising in such delinquency proceeding." M.C.L. § 500.7854; M.S.A. § 24.17854.

The statute renders void any lien, attachment or garnishment obtained against a delinquent insurance company within four months prior to the commencement of any such delinquency proceeding. Although not as yet considered by an appellate court in this state, statutes with the same wording in New York and Oregon have been upheld and enforced by the ...