Austin v. State

Citation354 So.2d 40
Decision Date04 October 1977
Docket Number4 Div. 546
PartiesAndrew Eugene AUSTIN v. STATE.
CourtAlabama Court of Criminal Appeals

Larry W. Roney, Phenix City, for appellant.

William J. Baxley, Atty. Gen., and Jane LeCroy Robbins, Asst. Atty. Gen., for the State, appellee.

BOWEN, Judge.

The appellant was indicted for murder in the first degree. A jury found him guilty of murder in the second degree and fixed his punishment at sixty-five years and one day imprisonment in the penitentiary.

On Wednesday, the 20th of October, 1976, the battered and bloody body of Mrs. "Bobbie" Rudene Edwards was found in her home. The house had been ransacked and blood was splattered in several rooms. Mrs. Edwards was sixty-one years old. She died from massive brain damage and hemorrhage resulting from multiple blows. So vicious and brutal was the attack upon Mrs. Edwards that her mid-brain was almost completely torn in half. A broken rifle stock was found near the victim.

In January of 1976, Mrs. Edwards had received $66,450.00 from the United States Government in settlement of a civil lawsuit. Accounts of her victory were reported in the local newspaper. Apparently, this was the motive for the robbery of Mrs. Edwards.

The appellant was sixteen years old when he murdered Mrs. Edwards. He was convicted upon the testimony of prostitutes, dope users and thieves all friends and former companions. An ex-felon testified that the appellant stated on three different occasions that he beat Miss Bobbie's head in because he didn't want to leave any witnesses. One of these conversations was tape recorded by the Phenix City Police Department. A prostitute testified that the appellant also admitted to her that he killed Mrs. Edwards. A pistol identified as having been often carried by the appellant was found in a creek near Mrs. Edwards' house in Phenix City. The appellant lived in Columbus, Georgia.

We need not detail the circumstances surrounding this most violent murder and the facts implicating the appellant. The evidence presented by the state was sufficient to justify the submission of the case to the jury and the verdict returned.

I

The appellant's defense was that he and his father were in Mississippi at the time of the murder. The manager of a Day's Inn Motel in Jackson, Mississippi testified that his records reflected that a Mr. E. A. Austin (the father of the appellant) and "one person under the age of eighteen" registered on the evening of October 19, 1976. A cash refund voucher signed by Mr. Austin revealed that a one dollar key deposit was returned to him on October 20, 1976. Both the registration card and the cash refund voucher were admitted into evidence.

Dr. Victor Platz testified that on the morning of October 20, 1976, he saw the father of the appellant in the Rankin General Hospital Emergency Room in Jackson, Mississippi. Dr. Platz wrote Mr. Austin a prescription and was introduced to Mr. Austin's son. The doctor testified that to the best of his memory, the young man with Mr. Austin was the appellant.

In an effort to further corroborate his alibi, the appellant attempted to introduce two cash refund slips and a motel registration card to show his presence in Mississippi on October 20th.

Mrs. Barbara Austin, the stepmother of the appellant, went to Mississippi after the appellant had been charged with murder. She testified that she obtained photocopies of cash refund slips from Sears, Roebuck and Co. and from McRae's bearing the signature of the appellant and dated October 20th. The appellant identified his signature on the receipts. Mrs. Austin testified that her husband and the appellant had gone to Mississippi to "fool around" which she defined as stealing merchandise from stores and then exchanging it for cash.

Mrs. Austin further testified that she obtained a verified statement from Kathryn G. Johnson stating that Mr. Austin and his son stayed in her motel on the night of October 20, 1976. Defense counsel attempted to introduce into evidence a certified copy of the registration card from Katherine Court in Meridian, Mississippi.

Certainly these documents were material corroboration of the alibi defense presented by the appellant. However they were not due to be admitted into evidence because they were not properly authenticated.

The cash refund receipts and the motel registration card are business records. Rule 44, Alabama Rules of Civil Procedure, and Title 7, § 415, Code of Alabama 1940, govern the admissibility of "any writing or record, . . ., made as a memorandum of any act, transaction, occurrence, or event".

In order to properly authenticate a business record, any witness (frequently the custodian of the record) must testify:

"that the document now exhibited to him is a record of the business; that he knows the method (i. e., the standard operating procedure) used in the business of making records of the kind now exhibited to him; and that it was the regular practice of the business to make records of such kind and to make them at the time of the event recorded or within such specified period thereafter as could be found by the trier of fact to be reasonable."

Gamble, McElroy's Alabama Evidence, 3rd Ed., § 254.01(3), p. 547.

The only predicate laid for the admission of these (copies of) records was that the appellant's stepmother obtained them in Mississippi and that the signature on the two cash refund vouchers were the appellant's. The cash refund vouchers and the motel registration card were not properly authenticated and were not due to be admitted into evidence. Sloan v. Sloan, Tex.Civ.App., 32 S.W.2d 513 (1930); Hartshorn v. Hartshorn, 67 Okl. 45, 168 P. 822 (1917).

The verified statement of Mrs. Johnson was also properly excluded from evidence. As a general rule, an affidavit is not admissible for the purpose of proving the truth of the matter stated in it because the affidavit is hearsay. Bailes v. Guardian Realty Co., 237 Ala. 201, 186 So. 168 (1939); Brown v. Steele, 14 Ala. 63 (1848). Title 15, §§ 297-300 governs the procedure for taking depositions in a criminal case. These provisions should have been followed.

II

The appellant asserts error in the admission of a tape recording of a conversation between the appellant and a witness for the state because the state did not show (1) that the "mechanical transcription device" was capable of taking testimony or (2) the authenticity and correctness of the recording. Additionally (3) the appellant objects to the use of amplification equipment to allow the jury to hear the tape.

Before the tape recording was offered into evidence, Lamar Jackson testified to the substance of the conversation that was recorded. At this time, defense counsel demanded that the jury be allowed to hear the "best evidence" of the conversation which was the tape itself as opposed to Jackson's testimony. Yet, when the state attempted to introduce...

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15 cases
  • Gobble v. State, No. CR-05-0225 (Ala. Crim. App. 2/5/2010)
    • United States
    • Alabama Court of Criminal Appeals
    • February 5, 2010
    ...not require its exclusion from evidence unless the recording is the only evidence offered as to the statements.' Austin v. State, 354 So. 2d 40, 43 (Ala. Cr. App. 1977), 354 So.2d 40 (Ala. 1978). See also Boulden v. State, 278 Ala. 437, 179 So. 2d 20, 33 (1965) (no reversible error in admit......
  • Parker v. State
    • United States
    • Alabama Court of Criminal Appeals
    • September 20, 1991
    ...reasonable time thereafter is competent to lay the foundation by testifying that the exhibit is such a record. Austin v. State, 354 So.2d 40, 42 (Ala.Civ.App.1977); C. Gamble, McElroy's Alabama Evidence, § 254.01(3) (3d ed. Ikner v. Miller, 477 So.2d 387, 390 (Ala.1985). XVI. Prosecution wi......
  • Gobble v. State
    • United States
    • Alabama Court of Criminal Appeals
    • September 14, 2012
    ...does not require its exclusion from evidence unless the recording is the only evidence offered as to the statements.' Austin v. State, 354 So.2d 40, 43 (Ala.Cr.App.1977), 354 So.2d 4[4] (Ala.1978). See also Boulden v. State, 278 Ala. 437, 179 So.2d 20, 33 (1965) (no reversible error in admi......
  • Revis v. State Of Ala.
    • United States
    • Alabama Court of Criminal Appeals
    • January 13, 2011
    ...does not require its exclusion from evidence unless the recording is the only evidenceoffered as to the statements." Austin v.State, 354 So. 2d 40, 43 (Ala.Cr.App. 1977), 354 So. 2d 40 (Ala. 1978). See also Boulden v. State, 278 Ala. 437, 179 So. 2d 20, 33 (1965) (no reversible error in adm......
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