Baker v. Groves
| Decision Date | 12 May 1891 |
| Docket Number | 121 |
| Parties | BAKER, GUARDIAN, v. GROVES |
| Court | Indiana Appellate Court |
From the Fayette Circuit Court.
R Conner and H. L. Frost, for appellant.
J. I Little and D. W. McKee, for appellee.
The appellee brings this suit against the appellant upon a complaint of four paragraphs.
The first paragraph complains of the appellant as guardian of David Baker, a person of unsound mind, averring that she was employed by said guardian, on behalf of his said ward, to cook and care for him, and care for his house, at two dollars per week for one year, beginning May 16, 1887; that she performed said services, and the same were necessary; that there is due her from the appellant, for the services so rendered, the sum of one hundred and two dollars. Wherefore she demands judgment against the appellant, John H. Baker and asks that he be directed by the court to pay her said sum out of the estate of said David Baker.
The second paragraph is somewhat differently stated, but is to recover the same amount, for the like services, rendered at the request of the appellant. This paragraph concludes by asking judgment against the appellant and against the estate of said David Baker.
The third paragraph is to recover for services rendered by the appellee for said David Baker, the same being contracted for by the latter when he was of sound mind, and the services rendered before he was declared to be of unsound mind. Prayer for judgment against the appellant and the estate of his ward.
The fourth paragraph is the same as the third, except that it seeks to recover upon an implied contract.
Objection was made to the complaint by the appellant, by demurrer, as follows:
"The defendant, in the above entitled cause, demurs severally to the several paragraphs of plaintiff's complaint, for the reason that said complaint does not state facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action against him as such guardian."
The demurrer was overruled and exceptions saved. The appellant then filed his answer in two paragraphs--the general denial and payment. The plea of payment was replied to by a general denial.
Upon the issue joined there was a trial by jury, with a verdict for the appellee in the sum of one hundred and thirty dollars.
Motions by the appellant for a venire de novo and for a new trial were overruled by the court, and judgment entered upon the verdict as follows:
"It is therefore considered and adjudged by the court that the plaintiff recover of the assets of the estate of said David Baker in the hands of said guardian, or his successor in his trust, the sum of one hundred and thirty dollars, together with the costs and charges by the plaintiff in this cause laid out and expended, and said guardian is ordered to pay the same out of said assets," to all of which the appellant excepted.
The errors assigned by the appellant are:
First. Overruling the demurrer to the complaint.
Second. Overruling the motion for a venire de novo.
Third. Overruling the motion for a new trial.
If the demurrer in the form given is entitled to recognition, as good for any purpose under the code, it can not be as a several demurrer. A several demurrer to a complaint consisting of more than one paragraph, although it need not be in terms addressed to each paragraph of the complaint, still it relates to each separately, and can not be sufficient as a several demurrer unless its phraseology be such as to declare that neither of the paragraphs, taken separately, states facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action.
In the present demurrer an attempt is made to challenge the sufficiency of each paragraph of the complaint separately, "for the reason that said complaint does not state facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action," not that neither of said paragraphs of the complaint states facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action.
To treat such a demurrer as several would not be the liberality of construction required by the code; it would be to totally ignore and disregard its provisions, as construed by the Supreme Court. Silvers v. Junction R. R. Co., 43 Ind. 435; Carver v. Carver, 97 Ind. 497; Stribling v. Brougher, 79 Ind. 328.
The demurrer to the complaint is practically joint, and not several, because it is an entire complaint, consisting of several paragraphs, which is said not to state facts sufficient to constitute a cause of action. It would have been error, therefore, to sustain the demurrer if either paragraph of the complaint was good. City of Connersville v. Connersville Hydraulic Co., 86 Ind. 235; Rout v. Woods, 67 Ind. 319; 1 Works Prac., section 530, and authorities there noted.
Indeed, the error assigned to the complaint could not be considered at all if the demurrer be not treated as joint, for the error as assigned is that "the court erred in overruling the demurrer to the complaint."
The first and second paragraphs of the complaint state a good cause of action against the appellant personally. This required the overruling of the demurrer.
In the first and second paragraphs the appellant is sued on his individual undertaking, although he is described as guardian. If the services sued for by the appellee were rendered under a contract with the appellant, as alleged in the first paragraph of the...
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