BANKERS MUT. CAPITAL v. US Fid. & Guar.

• Decision Date: 14 March 2001
• Docket Number: No. 4D00-2728.,4D00-2728.
• Citation: 784 So.2d 485
• Parties: BANKERS MUTUAL CAPITAL CORPORATION, Appellant, v. UNITED STATES FIDELITY AND GUARANTY COMPANY, Jessla Construction Corp., Felix Lima, Luis Latorre, Mike Lang Electrical Contractors, Inc., Timothy J. Lang and Michael T. Lang, Appellees.
• Court: Florida District Court of Appeals

784 So.2d 485

BANKERS MUTUAL CAPITAL CORPORATION, Appellant, v.UNITED STATES FIDELITY AND GUARANTY COMPANY, Jessla Construction Corp., Felix Lima, Luis Latorre, Mike Lang Electrical Contractors, Inc., Timothy J. Lang and Michael T. Lang, Appellees.

No. 4D00-2728.

District Court of Appeal of Florida, Fourth District.

March 14, 2001.

Richard R. Chaves and Ronald E. Crescenzo of Boose Casey Ciklin Lubitz Martens McBane & O'Connell, West Palm Beach, for appellant.

Bruce E. Loren of Bruce E. Loren, P.A., West Palm Beach, for AppelleeFelix Lima.

HAZOURI, J.

Bankers Mutual Capital Corporation(Bankers Mutual), appellant, filed suit against various defendants, including Felix Lima, appellee.The amended complaint included claims against Jessla Construction Corporation(Jessla), its surety and other subcontractors for breach of joint check agreements and accounts stated.The amended complaint also contained eleven counts of fraud in the inducement against Lima, individually.Bankers Mutual timely appeals from a partial final judgment dismissing with prejudice the claims against Lima, individually, for fraud in the inducement.There are no other pending claims against Lima in this suit.The remaining claims against the other defendants are pending before the trial court.This Court has jurisdiction over this appeal pursuant to Florida Rule of Appellate Procedure 9.110(k).SeeSouthland Constr., Inc. v. Richeson Corp.,642 So.2d 5, 6-7(Fla. 5th DCA1994)(The appellate court found that it had jurisdiction to consider the propriety of the lower court's summary judgment as to the claims against a defendant, where as a result of the summary judgment the defendant had been dropped from the lawsuit as a party.).We reverse and remand.

Jessla is a general contractor.Lima is a qualifying agent for Jessla, as well as its President and Secretary.Jessla hired Mike Lang Electrical Contractors, Inc.(MLEC), an electrical subcontractor, to work on various construction projects in Dade County.

Bankers Mutual entered into a factoring agreement with MLEC.Pursuant to the factoring agreement, Bankers Mutual purchased account receivables owned by MLEC for the work Jessla hired MLEC to perform on the various construction projects.Bankers Mutual thereby obtained assignment of the pay requisitions from Jessla to MLEC.

Bankers Mutual also entered into eleven joint check agreements with Jessla and MLEC.The eleven joint check agreements were related to eleven different pay requisitions on construction projects.According to the joint check agreements, Jessla agreed to pay Bankers Mutual the accounts receivable assigned to it by MLEC through joint checks.

On January 6, 2000, Bankers Mutual filed its initial complaint against various defendants, including Jessla and Lima.The complaint included claims against Jessla, among other defendants, for breach of the joint check agreements, accounts stated and payment bonds.The complaint also included claims against Jessla and Lima, individually, for fraud in the inducement.

On February 24, 2000, Lima and Jessla filed a motion to dismiss the complaint.The court granted the motion to dismiss, without prejudice, as to the fraud in the inducement claims against Lima, with leave to amend and allege Lima's misrepresentations with specificity.

On June 7, 2000, Bankers Mutual filed an amended complaint.The amended complaint included claims against Jessla, its surety and other subcontractors for breach of the joint check agreements and accounts stated.Bankers Mutual alleged that MLEC failed to disclose that certain subcontractors and suppliers were due money under some of the assigned requisitions.Bankers Mutual also alleged that Jessla did not pay Bankers Mutual the receivables MLEC assigned to Bankers Mutual on various projects, but instead paid those funds to subcontractors and suppliers who were due money.

The amended complaint also included eleven counts against Jessla and Lima for fraud in the inducement.The amended complaint generally alleged that Jessla and Lima, among others, knowingly and willfully misrepresented the percentage of the work that was completed on the projects for which Bankers Mutual purchased pay requisitions, thereby inducing Bankers Mutual to enter into the joint check agreements.Each of the eleven counts of fraud in the inducement against Jessla and Lima alleged:

in Paragraph 6 of the Affidavit attached to the subject Joint Check Agreement, the Defendants intentionally failed to list Simplex, Rexall, Consolidated Electric Supply and others still to be identified as creditors in Paragraph 6 and affirmatively represented that no creditors, other than those identified in Paragraph 6, existed.

Additionally, each count alleged that but for the misrepresentations, Bankers Mutual would not have entered into the joint check agreements and suffered damages as a result thereof.

On June 19, 2000, Lima and Jessla filed a motion to dismiss all counts against them in the amended complaint or alternatively to dismiss the fraud in the inducement counts.Lima and Jessla argued that the fraud in the inducement counts were barred by the economic loss rule and the amended complaint failed to allege fraud with specificity.

Following a hearing on the motion, the trial court dismissed with prejudice all claims against Lima for fraud in the inducement.The trial court did not make any findings or indicate if it was dismissing these claims because they were barred by the economic loss rule or for failure to state a claim.

Bankers Mutual argues that the economic loss rule does not bar a claim for fraud in the inducement against Lima, because the claims for fraud in the inducement are independent from the breach of contract actions.We agree.

The economic loss rule does not bar tort actions independent of the contractual breach, where there exists a breach of contract action.SeeHTP, Ltd. v. Lineas Aereas Costarricenses, S.A.,685 So.2d 1238, 1239(Fla.1996).In HTP,the supreme court held:

The economic loss rule has not eliminated causes of action based upon torts independent of the contractual breach even though there exists a breach of contract action.Where a contract exists, a tort action will lie for either intentional or negligent acts considered to be independent from the acts that breached the contract ... Fraudulent inducement is an independent tort in that it requires proof of facts separate and distinct from the breach of contract.It normally "occurs prior to the contract and the standard of truthful representation placed upon the defendant is not derived from the contract," i.e., "whether the defendant was truthful during the formation of the contract is unrelated to the events giving rise to the breach of the contract."

Id. at 1239(citations omitted).

This Court distinguished the cases in which the economic loss rule does bar a cause of action for fraudulent inducement where there exists a cause of action for breach of contract in Allen v. Stephan Co.,784 So.2d 456(Fla. 4th DCA2000).In Allen, the Aliens entered into a contract for the sale of a company with Stephan.The Aliens represented that the company had no tax liability.Stephan filed a cause of action for fraud alleging that the Aliens knowingly misrepresented the tax liability of the company and that Stephan relied on the...