Bankes v. State Farm Mut. Auto. Ins. Co.

• Decision Date: 23 March 1970
• Citation: 216 Pa.Super. 162,264 A.2d 197
• Parties: Carol Erb BANKES, Appellant, v. STATE FARM MUTUAL AUTOMOBILE INSURANCE CO.
• Court: Pennsylvania Superior Court

Page 197

264 A.2d 197

216 Pa.Super. 162

Carol Erb BANKES, Appellant, v. STATE FARM MUTUAL AUTOMOBILE INSURANCE CO.

Superior Court of Pennsylvania.

March 23, 1970.

Petition for Allowance of Appeal Denied June 8, 1970.

William R. Keller, Stephen A. Teller, Wilkes-Barre, for appellant.

Charles L. Casper, Wilkes-Barre, for appellee.

Before WRIGHT, P.J., and WATKINS, MONTGOMERY, JACOBS, SPAULDING and CERCONE, JJ.

HOFFMAN, Judge.

This is an appeal from a judgment in the lower court entered in behalf of defendant State Farm Mutual Automobile Insurance Company (State Farm). The matter had been submitted as a case stated in the lower court. ¹

The facts may be set out briefly as follows:

On August 23, 1966, State Farm issued to Paul Bankes, Jr., an automobile insurance policy on his automobile which was to expire on April 3, 1967. The policy was renewed and was in effect on August 6, 1967. On August 2, 1967, Bankes purchased a motorcycle. Four days later, on August 6, 1967, while operating the motorcycle Bankes was struck and killed by an automobile driven by an uninsured motorist.

Under the uninsured automobile coverage of Bankes' policy, State Farm agreed, '(t)o pay all sums which the insured or his legal representative shall be legally entitled to recover as damages from the owner or operator of an uninsured automobile because of bodily injuries sustained by the insured caused by accident and arising out of ownership, maintenance or use of such automobile.'

State Farm claimed, however, that it was not liable under its uninsured automobile coverage by reason of the following exclusion in the policy which stated:

'Insuring Agreement III (the Uninsured Automobile provision) does not apply * * * (b) to bodily injury to an insured while occupying * * * a land motor vehicle owned by the named insured * * * if such vehicle is not an 'insured automobile."

It should be noted that had Bankes been driving a newly-purchased automobile which was not specifically covered under the policy at the time of the accident, he would, nonetheless, have been covered by reason of the 'Newly Acquired Automobile' provisions of the policy which extend coverage for thirty days after the purchase of such automobile. This provision did not cover motorcycles, however, because an 'automobile' is defined in the policy as a 'four wheel land motor vehicle.'

Appellant concedes that the driver of the motorcycle was excluded by the specific language of the policy. He argues, however, that the exclusion in the uninsured motorist policy, which denies coverage to an insured while operating a motorcycle owned by him but not insured under the policy, is void since it is repugnant to the Pennsylvania uninsured motorist act, Act of August 14, 1963, P.L. 909, 40 P.S. § 2000. ²

The only case in Pennsylvania which has considered the validity of exclusionary provisions in uninsured automobile coverage is Harleysville Mutual Casualty Co. v. Blumling, 429 Pa. 389, 241 A.2d 112 (1968). The Supreme Court there recognized that the purpose of the uninsured motorist act is to provide protection for innocent victims of irresponsible drivers. Accordingly, it stated that the uninsured motorist act must be liberally construed in order to achieve this legislative intent and any provision in the policy which is repugnant to the act will be disregarded.

No case in Pennsylvania has considered whether provisions denying coverage to owner-occupants of uninsured motorcycles are repugnant to the act. We find, however, upon review of the legislative and administrative interpretation of this act, that such exclusion should not be allowed.

The legislature, in promulgating the provisions of the uninsured motorist act specifically directed that policies issued conform with 'provisions approved by the Insurance Commissioner.' Pursuant to this directive, the Insurance Commissioner issued Regulation No. 14, Chapter No. 1, which became effective January 1, 1964, and which was in effect at the time of the accident in the instant case. The regulation instructed insurance companies under a paragraph entitled 'Extent Of Coverage To Be Offered' that '(t)he extent of the coverage which shall be offered as 'Uninsured Motorists Coverage' shall be at least that coverage contained in Form No. 1 attached hereto and incorporated herein by reference which is the national standard form for this insurance. The Insurance Department is hereby establishing the coverage in Form No. 1 as the minimum coverage which will be approved by this Department as satisfactorily complying with the requirements of the above Act.'

The provisions set forth by the Insurance Commissioner in Form No. 1 are substantially similar to those provisions which are found in the instant policy. However, one critical difference appears in the exclusion provision with which we must be concerned. The instant policy provided that there shall be excluded from coverage 'bodily injury to an insured while occupying * * * a Land motor vehicle owned by the named insured * * * if such vehicle is not an insured automobile.' (Emphasis added.) The exclusion allowed by the Insurance Commissioner in Form No. 1 provided, however, that the coverage would not apply 'to bodily injury to an insured while occupying an Automobile (other than an insured automobile) owned by a named insured. * * *' (Emphasis added.) Thus, State Farm in this case broadened the exclusion allowed by the Insurance Commissioner by excluding coverage for occupying any uninsured motor vehicle, whereas the Insurance Commissioner limited his permissible exclusion only to those occupying as uninsured automobile. ³

Several courts in other jurisdictions have construed provisions similar to those in the Insurance Commissioner's Form No. 1. Each has specifically held that such provisions only deny coverage to one occupying an uninsured automobile; they do not deny coverage to one occupying any other type of uninsured motor vehicle, such as a motorcycle. See in particular, Westerhausen v. Allied Mutual Insurance Company, 258 Iowa 969, 140 N.W.2d...