Baranan v. Fulton County

• Court: Georgia Supreme Court
• Writing for the Court: GRICE; All the Justices concur, except HALL
• Citation: Baranan v. Fulton County, 209 S.E.2d 188, 232 Ga. 852 (Ga. 1974)
• Decision Date: 01 October 1974
• Docket Number: No. 28849,28849
• Parties: Aaron BARANAN v. FULTON COUNTY.

Page 188

209 S.E.2d 188

232 Ga. 852

Aaron BARANAN v. FULTON COUNTY.

No. 28849.

Supreme Court of Georgia.

Oct. 1, 1974.

Syllabus by the Court

The trial judge erred in holding that a county may not be enjoined from maintaining a continuing nuisance.

Thomas H. Antonion, Atlanta, for appellant.

Webb, Parker, Young & Ferguson, Paul Webb, Jr., Atlanta, for appellee.

GRICE, Chief Justice.

Aaron Baranan appeals from the denial of an interlocutory injunction in his action in the Superior Court of Fulton County seeking temporary restraining order and permanent injunction against Fulton County.

The appellant alleged that the appellee is making certain changes in its drainage system in the vicinity of his property which will have the effect of increasing the flow of surface water on his property, and will cause a continuing trespass on his property.

The following facts were developed by the evidence at the hearing: Fulton County determined that it was necessary for public purposes to make changes in the drainage system of the surface waters falling on Powers Ferry Road and Rebel Trail. The appellant's residence is adjacent to Robel Trail, which intersects Powers Ferry Road a short distance from his property. The changes made by the County consist of the removal of a hump or berm at the intersection of Powers Ferry Road and Rebel Trail which formerly prevented large quantities of the water flowing down Powers Ferry Road from entering Rebel Trail and thereafter flowing across the appellant's property; the installation of a catch basin on each side of Powers Ferry Road at its intersection with Rebel Trail to remove the surface water from Powers Ferry Road; and the installation of a 24-inch pipe, to replace a 12-inch pipe, which will discharge surface water on the appellant's property.

The trial judge in his findings of fact stated in part: 'As a result of this change in the drainage system more water will flow across plaintiff's property than before the change. No part of the property of plaintiff will be taken for the change in the drainage system . . . The damages of which plaintiff complains are anticipated incidental or consequential damages which may result from this increased flow of water.'

The trial judge concluded as a matter of law that an injunction will not lie to prevent county authorities from maintaining a public road because of threatened consequential damages to a property owner where no part of his property is taken, and that the only redress the property owner has is to bring an action for any damages which may occur.

The appellant argues that a court of equity is authorized to enjoin the county from making changes in its drainage system which will increase the flow of surface water on his property, and will create a continuing nuisance, until and unless the right to discharge such increased water is acquired by condemnation. He contends that injunction will prevent a multiplicity of suits for damages.

The appellant relies on McFarland v. DeKalb County, 224 Ga. 618(1), 163 S.E.2d 827, where this court held: 'The lower court erred in not allowing the petitioner to prove his case as alleged and in not allowing the jury to consider the question of whether or not the plaintiff was entitled to equitable relief to stop the alleged trespass and nuisance which was continuing in nature upon his property. A question of fact was shown as to whether or not these governmental agencies named as defendants had concentrated and collected surface water in greater quantity than in prior years and caused it to flow upon or back up upon the lot of the plaintiff in greater quantity and in a manner different from that in which the waters had been received from the upper areas by gravitation. Such activity would be a continuing nuisance authorizing a court of equity to restrain it and to require the defendants to cease and desist until and unless it was condemned for public purposes. The court erred in failing to charge on the injunctive features of the case.'

Fulton County (appellee) has filed a motion requesting this court to review and overrule McFarland v. DeKalb County, 224 Ga. 618, 163 S.E.2d 827, supra, and Nalley v. Carroll County, 135 Ga. 835, 70 S.E. 788, contending that they are contrary to, and reach opposite results from, the earlier full bench decisions of Smith v. Floyd County, 85 Ga. 420, 11 S.E. 850, Barfield v. Macon County, 109 Ga. 386, 34 S.E. 596, and others.

In Nalley v. Carroll County, 135 Ga. 835, 70 S.E. 788, supra, this court held that a cause of action for damages was stated for the maintenance of a continuing nuisance by the county.

Both Smith v. Floyd County, 85 Ga. 420, 11 S.E. 850, supra, and Barfield v. Macon County, 109 Ga. 386, 34 S.E. 596, supra, were actions for damages only, and no question of injunction was involved. The court stated in both cases: 'In holding that the declaration sets forth a cause of action we are to be understood as sustaining it not for the purpose of treating the work or its results as a nuisance to the plaintiff's premises, but only for the purpose of recovering damages for the exercise of the power of eminent domain. The work done is to be treated as rightful in all respects save in the omission to pay compensation.'

The Smith and Barfield cases are distinguishable on their facts from McFarland v. DeKalb County, 224 Ga. 618, 163 S.E.2d 827, supra, and Nalley v. Carroll County, 135 Ga. 835, 70 S.E. 788, supra. If the language quoted above from the Smith and Barfield cases was intended to indicate that the maintenance of a continuing nuisance by a county would not under any...