Benedict v. Little, 6 Div. 881

• Decision Date: 25 May 1972
• Docket Number: 6 Div. 881
• Citation: 264 So.2d 491,288 Ala. 638
• Court: Alabama Supreme Court
• Parties: Martha Milner BENEDICT v. John W. LITTLE et al.

Page 491

264 So.2d 491

288 Ala. 638

Martha Milner BENEDICT v. John W. LITTLE et al.

6 Div. 881.

Supreme Court of Alabama.

May 25, 1972.

Rehearing Denied July 27, 1972.

John S. Foster, Birmingham, for appellant.

F. Eugene Wirwahn, Birmingham, for appellees.

MERRILL, Justice.

This appeal is from a decree in a declaratory judgment proceeding. The dispute was over the title to a segment of land which was a part of a 50-foot railroad right of way that had been abandoned by the railroad. The trial court ruled in favor of respondents and complainant Benedict appealed.

The bill of complaint, as last amended, gives a history of the title to the property, but it will be partially condensed in this opinion. In 1889, John T. Milner, W. J. Milner, G. W. Milner and George H. McLaughlin conveyed a 50-foot right of way to Birmingham Mineral Railroad Company and that railroad conveyed it to Lousiville & Nashville Railroad Company, hereinafter called L & N. At the time of the conveyance, the named grantors owned the property through which the right of way was granted. Title passed by mesne conveyances to Milner Land Company and that company conveyed, in 1941, an undivided one-half interest to Susie Martin Milner, and undivided one-fourth interest to appellant, Martha Milner Benedict, and an undivided one-fourth interest to Gustrine Milner Mabry. This deed was recorded. Prior to the filing of this bill, Susie Martin Milner and Gustrine Milner Mabry died and willed their interest in the property to Martha Milner Benedict, who now owns the property.

The bill further avers that the grantors in the above-mentioned deed to Birmingham Mineral conveyed only an easement for railroad right of way purposes, reserving to themselves the title to the segment, subject to the railroad right of way; that after L & N had abandoned the railroad right of way, Susie M. Milner, Martha Milner Benedict and Gustrine Milner Mabry owned, free of the right of way easement, the segment of the land over which the right of way had been granted.

The bill contains the following averments; "* * * The opinion of the Honorable Alabama Supreme Court in Standard Oil Company vs. Milner, et al., 275 Ala. 104, 152 So.2d 431, confirms that following the abandonment of the right-of-way as aforesaid, Mabry, Milner and Complainant owned the said segment, free of the right-of-way easement. The last cited opinion accorded the said right-of-way deed, executed to Birmingham Mineral Railroad Company, attached hereto as exhibit 'A', the same construction the Complainant accords the said deed."

The bill avers, on information and belief, that the Littles, respondents, own a tract of land adjacent to and immediately southeast of the segment; that the tract of land the Littles own includes Lot 8, Block 1, according to the survey of English Village, East Sector, and that the Littles claim that they own the segment because they own the land abutting the segment.

The bill alleges that Benedict, complainant, denies that the Littles own, or that either of them owns, the segment; and that, hence, there is an actual, justiciable controversy between Benedict and the Littles.

The bill alleges that Benedict has no adequate remedy at law; and, by this bill, Benedict offers to do equity.

The bill seeks a judgment declaring that Benedict owns the segment and that neither of the Littles has any right, title or interest in the segment. The bill contains a prayer for general, or alternative relief.

The answer alleges that the respondents acquired title to the segment from L & N, in 1957; that the respondents entered in possession of the segment and have remained in possession since that date; that after obtaining the deed from L & N, the respondents made improvements on the segment to the extent of many thousands of dollars; that the respondents paved almost the entire segment, installed a culvert and retaining wall thereon, and have openly, notoriously, continuously and adversely held title to the segment since obtaining the said deed; that complainant was aware of the fact that the respondents "have been" in notorious, hostile, continuous and adverse possession of the segment since obtaining the said deed and that the respondents were making improvements on the segment, and until the filing of this suit the respondents had no notice of the fact that the complainant claimed any interest in, or title to, the segment; that the complainant is estopped by her failure to notify the respondents of their respective claims during the process of the construction of the improvements; that the respondents erected a large office building immediately contiguous to the segment, and since prior to 1955 have utilized the segment for parking facilities and as a means of ingress and egress to the said improvements; that a portion of the segment is used as a public way and so maintained as a public way by the City of Mountain Brook, is used for garbage service, parking of some 12 cars and access to the office building owned by the respondents and erected by the respondents prior to the filing of this suit.

The appellees' answer and cross bill concluded with a prayer for the following relief: That the City of Mountain Brook be made a party respondent hereto, and "upon a final hearing in this cause will adjudicate that Complainants have no right, title or interest in and to the property claimed by the Complainants, and will further adjudicate that your Respondents own said property subject only to the public way and a portion thereof as described hereinabove," and for general relief.

Mountain Brook filed an answer and cross bill, in which it said that it did not claim to own any interest in the segment and it denied that it required any portion of the segment as a public way for providing municipal services.

On November 9, 1970, the court rendered a final decree, holding that the complainant has no right, title or interest in the segment and title to the segment is rested in the respondents John W. Little and Francis T. Little.

In its decree, the trial court stated that the case of Standard Oil Company v. Milner, 275 Ala. 104, 152 So.2d 431, "appears on its face to be absolutely controlling as to the legal title in this cause as far as the background of the title is concerned," but that the decree in that case does not control for reasons referred to later in this opinion.

The first sentence in the opinion in Milner v. State, 275 Ala. 104, 152 So.2d 431, names the appellees as Susie M. Milner, Martha Milner Benedict and Gustrine Milner Mabry. (Later, as already stated, Susie and Gustrine died leaving the full title to Mrs. Benedict). Standard Oil Company's lot abutted the southern boundary of the abandoned railroad right of way on the west side of Cahaba Road. (A map appears in 275 Ala., p. 106, 152 So.2d, p. 432). The lot of the Littles, appellees in the instant case, abuts the southern boundary on the east side of Cahaba Road. Standard Oil had received a quitclaim deed from L. & N. Standard Oil contends that it owned the segment of the abandoned right of way which abutted its lot as against the three owners holding under their deed from Milner Land Company in 1941. This court held that Mrs. Benedict and her two co-owners had better title to that segment of the right of way than Standard Oil.

It is our considered judgment that the Milner case is controlling. One strong reason is a statement in a stipulation signed by counsel on August 27, 1970. The opinion of the trial court states that "the evidence and stipulations" were considered. The statement in the stipulation reads: " Complainant Benedict thus now owns whatever title and right to the strip which the deed executed by Milner Land Company last above mentioned vested in her (Benedict), Milner and Mabry." Under Standard Oil Co. v. Milner, supra, this placed the title in Mrs. Benedict on August 27, 1970, by agreement of the parties. When the parties stipulate that certain facts exist, those facts are taken as true by this court. Harper v. Talladega County 279 Ala. 365, 185 So.2d 388.

We now consider the points on which the trial court distinguished the instant case and Milner.

In its opinion, the trial court stated that in Milner "adequate access was afforded along a dedicated roadway, whereas, in this case a way of...