Bidlingmeyer v. City of Deer Lodge
Decision Date | 01 July 1954 |
Docket Number | No. 9290,9290 |
Citation | 274 P.2d 821,128 Mont. 292 |
Parties | BIDLINGMEYER et al. v. CITY OF DEER LODGE et al. |
Court | Montana Supreme Court |
P. E. Geagan and William N. Geagan, Butte, for appellants.
Joseph A. McElwain, Deer Lodge, for respondents.
Plaintiffs, as taxpayers upon property situated in the city of Deer Lodge, brought this action to enjoin and restrain defendants from selling bonds, letting any contract, or doing any act necessary to making Main street in the city of Deer Lodge a part of 'Federal Aid Highway' commonly known as U. S. highway No. 10 south.
A general demurrer to the complaint was sustained. Plaintiffs electing not to plead further, judgment in favor of defendants was entered from which plaintiffs have appealed.
Respondents on March 3, 1954, filed a motion to dismiss the appeal on the ground that no actual controversy now exists since every act and thing which plaintiffs sought to have enjoined has been fully and completely done and performed. The motion was supported by affidavit showing that bonds have been issued, a contract let for the making of the improvements and that the improvements have been made consisting of the asphaltic paving of Main street in the city of Deer Lodge.
Notwithstanding the fact that the work has been completed, plaintiffs contend that other issues remain in the case. They contend that there remains the question of whether the demurrer was properly sustained in view of the allegations pertaining to the legality of the assessments to pay for the improvements, and in view of the allegations made with respect to an alleged unauthorized attempt by the city to relinquish and abandon its governmental powers and duties with respect to its streets.
The complaint alleges that taxes and assessments levied upon and against property of plaintiffs are illegal and unlawful and violative of Article XII, § 11, of our Constitution, in that there is double taxation because the property included in special improvement districts No. 90 and No. 92 is also included in district No. 91. There are no fact allegations in the complaint showing or tending to show that the assessments are illegal or unlawful unless the claim of double taxation has merit.
The record shows that special improvement district No. 90 included all the property abutting on a portion of Main street and district No. 92 included all the property abutting on the remaining portion of Main street. Improvement district No. 91 included all the property in the city of Deer Lodge exclusive of streets, avenues, alleys and public places, and including that in districts Nos. 90 and 92. The resolutions creating the districts point out that the estimated cost of the entire improvement of Main street including the intersections would be $177,450, of which the Federal Government's bureau of public roads and the state of Montana highway commission would assume the sum of $129,500, leaving the balance of $47,950 to be borne by the improvement districts. Of that amount district No. 90 was to furnish $25,000, No. 92 $1,500, and No. 91 $21,450. District No. 91 was created as a means of raising revenue for the purpose of paying for the improvements at the intersections and was authorized by R.C.M.1947, § 11-2205. Assessments in districts Nos. 90 and 92 were based upon the lineal feet bordering on the street in question under R.C.M.1947 § 11-2214. The assessments were for different purposes and in no sense was there double taxation. One assessment was to raise money to defray the cost of the intersections and the other to defray the cost of the street where it abuts on privately owned property.
Likewise, though the point is unimportant here, this court has repeatedly held that section 11 of Article XII of our Constitution has no application to special assessments. Billings Sugar Co. v. Fish, 40 Mont. 256, 106 P. 565, 26 L.R.A.,N.S., 973; In re Valley Center Drain District, 64 Mont. 545, 211 P. 218; Walden v. Bitter Root Irrigation District, 68 Mont. 281, 217 P. 646; Thaanum v. Bynum Irrigation District, 72 Mont. 221, 232 P. 528.
Hence even though there were lack of uniformity of assessment (which the record does not show), it would be of no avail to plaintiffs in support of their contention that section 11 of Article XII, Montana Constitution, is violated.
Does the complaint state facts sufficient to show that there has been an unauthorized abandonment by the city of the powers and duties with respect to the regulation of Main street.
The complaint alleges that defendants, in order to have Main street paved, adopted resolution No. 483 on May 2, 1949, the important parts of which read:
The complaint then alleges that the resolution is an unauthorized attempt to relinquish the city's powers and duties over and upon Main street. It alleges that the resolution would prevent the city from slowing or stopping traffic along Main street for the benefit, safety and protection of school children or other pedestrians by creating, establishing or marking a safety zone or 'through street' intersecting and crossing Main street. Other like allegations are made as to the effect of the resolution in question.
The general rule is that the police power of a municipal corporation cannot be divested by contract or otherwise. 37 Am.Jur., Municipal Corporations, § 276, p. 901. And generally speaking, it cannot be surrendered or delegated. Helena Light & Ry. Co. v. City of Helena, 47 Mont. 18, 130 P. 446. The source of the police power of municipalities is the state. 37 Am.Jur., Municipal Corporations, § 277, p. 902; Carey v. Guest, 78 Mont. 415, 258 P. 236; Helena Light & Ry. Co. v. City of Helena, supra. The state, having delegated authority over the city streets to the cities, R.C.M.1947, §§ 11-912, 11-1002, the latter have exclusive control over them (Carey v. Guest, supra), but the state may take away or revoke a part or all of the authority which it has delegated to the cities.
'A municipality, in exercising the police power granted to it by the legislature, acts as the agent of the state, and the legislature may at any time change its agent, and by another statute provide that a power previously exercised by the municipality shall be exercised by some other agency.' 37 Am.Jur., Municipal Corporations, § 279, p. 907.
And in 25 Am.Jur., Highways, § 254, p. 545, it is said:
This principle of law was succinctly declared under circumstances quite similar to those here in Cabell v. City of Cottage Grove, 170 Or. 256, 130 P.2d 1013, 1019, 144 A.L.R. 286, where the court, speaking through Mr. Justice Lusk, said: To the same general effect is Automatic Signal Advertising Co. v. Babcock, 166 Minn. 416, 208 N.W. 132, and see Tranter v. Allegheny County Authority, 316 Pa. 65, 173 A. 289.
We have held that city streets belong to the state and the city is but the trustee thereof. Headley v. Hammond Building, Inc., 97 Mont. 243, 33 P.2d 574, 93 A.L.R. 794; State ex rel. State Highway Commission v. District Court, 105 Mont. 44, 69 P.2d 112. And see Dietrich v. City of Deer Lodge, 124 Mont. 8, 218 P.2d 708.
The resolution complained of here was adopted pursuant to the authority found in R.C.M.1947, § 32-1609, reading: ...
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