Bivens v. 6 UNKNOWN NAMED AGENTS OF FED. BUR. OF NARCOTICS
Decision Date | 24 November 1967 |
Docket Number | No. 67-C-655.,67-C-655. |
Citation | 276 F. Supp. 12 |
Parties | Webster BIVENS, Plaintiff, v. 6 UNKNOWN NAMED AGENTS OF the FEDERAL BUREAU OF NARCOTICS, Defendants. |
Court | U.S. District Court — Eastern District of New York |
No appearance for plaintiff.
Joseph P. Hoey, U. S. Atty., for the Eastern District of New York, for defendants, Ralph Bontempo, Asst. U. S. Atty., of counsel.
The plaintiff moves for leave to appeal in forma pauperis from the order of this Court, dated October 9, 1967, dismissing the complaint for want of jurisdiction.
The said order was incorporated in the Court's memorandum of that date. Since that date, the Court has conducted further research and consideration of the cases, bearing upon the issue of law herein.
In his complaint, the plaintiff alleges:
In substance, the plaintiff alleges in his complaint that the defendants arrested him and instituted a search and seizure, without possessing warrants. He demands damages from each defendant in the sum of $15,000.
In Hatfield v. Bailleaux, 9 Cir., 290 F.2d 632, certiorari denied in 368 U. S. 862, 82 S.Ct. 105, 7 L.Ed.2d 59 the Court said:
THIS COURT HAS NO JURISDICTION OF THE PLAINTIFF'S ACTION UNDER 42 U.S.C. § 1983 (FORMERLY 42 U.S.C. § 43)
As stated, the plaintiff alleged in his complaint that the defendants acted under the color of authority of the United States.
42 U.S.C. § 1983 confers jurisdiction upon the Federal Courts of suits against persons charged with depriving claimants of Constitutional rights while acting "under color of any statute, ordinance, regulation, custom, or usage, of any State or Territory".
In Norton v. McShane, 5 Cir. (1964), 332 F.2d 855, the Court upheld the immunity of a number of Federal officials, including several United States Marshals, sued for damages for false arrests. The Court said:
"As Judge Hand stated in the Gregoire case (referring to Gregoire v. Biddle, 177 F.2d 579, 2 Cir. 1949, cert. denied, 339 U.S. 949, 70 S.Ct. 803, 94 L.Ed. 1363), Section 43 (the precursor of Section 1983) is so plainly limited to acts done under color of some state or territorial law or ordinance that no discussion can make it clearer than appears from its reading."
To the same effect is Jobson v. Henne, 355 F.2d 129 (2 Cir. 1966), wherein the Court stated:
"In suits brought under § 1983 an indispensable element of a plaintiff's case is a showing that the defendant (or defendants) acted `under color of any statute, ordinance, regulation, custom, or usage, of any State * * *.'"
THIS COURT HAS NO JURISDICTION OF THE PLAINTIFF'S ACTION UNDER 28 U.S.C. § 1331(a)
28 U.S.C. § 1331(a) provides as follows:
"The district courts shall have original jurisdiction of all civil actions wherein the matter in controversy exceeds the sum or value of $10,000, exclusive of interest and costs, and arises under the Constitution, laws, or treaties of the United States."
To come within that section, the plaintiff must show that his action arises under the Constitution or laws of the United States.
As hereinabove stated, the plaintiff in his complaint alleges violation of his Constitutional rights, without designating the particular section or sections of the Constitution he relies upon. It would seem that he bases his claim upon the Fourth Amendment in that he alleges that the defendants conducted an unlawful search and seizure of his property. The said Amendment provides that "the right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause * * *."
A leading case is Bell v. Hood, 9 Cir. (1945), 150 F.2d 96. It appears therein that the plaintiff instituted his action against officers of the Federal Bureau of Investigation and a local policeman to recover damages for unlawful arrest, search and seizure in violation of the Fourth and Fifth Amendments and that the district court dismissed the complaint for want of jurisdiction.
The said Circuit Court, in affirming the order of the district held that the action did not arise under the Constitution or laws of the United States in the sense that Congress used that expression in 28 U.S.C. § 41 (the forerunner of 28 U.S.C. § 1331(a).
The Supreme Court granted certiorari, 326 U.S. 706, 66 S.Ct. 98, 90 L.Ed. 417. After hearing argument, the Court handed down an opinion, reported in 327 U.S. 678, 66 S.Ct. 773, 90 L.Ed. 939, wherein it remanded the action to the District Court, stating, in part, as follows:
The opinion of the District Court on remand of the said action (Bell v. Hood) is reported in 71 F.Supp. 813 (1947). The Court therein said:
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Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents of Federal Bureau of Narcotics
...Court, on respondents' motion, dismissed the complaint on the ground, inter alia, that it failed to state a cause of action.2 276 F.Supp. 12 (EDNY 1967). The Court of Appeals, one judge concurring specially,3 affirmed on that basis. 409 F.2d 718 (CA2 1969). We granted certiorari. 399 U.S. 9......
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...Named Agents of Federal Bureau of Narcotics, supra, 403 U.S. at 389-90, 91 S.Ct. at 2001; see Bivens v. Six Unknown Named Agents of Federal Bureau of Narcotics, 276 F.Supp. 12 (E.D.N.Y.1967), aff'd, 409 F.2d 718 (2d Cir.1969), rev'd, 403 U.S. 388, 91 S.Ct. 1999, 29 L.Ed.2d 619 (1971). In re......
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