Blaine v. York Financial Corp.

• Decision Date: 08 April 2004
• Parties: Glenn E. BLAINE, Jr. and Dorsey Blaine, Appellants, v. YORK FINANCIAL CORPORATION, Appellee.
• Court: Pennsylvania Superior Court

847 A.2d 727

Glenn E. BLAINE, Jr. and Dorsey Blaine, Appellants, v. YORK FINANCIAL CORPORATION, Appellee.

Superior Court of Pennsylvania.

Argued January 13, 2004.

Filed April 8, 2004.

Greg Martin, York, for appellants.

Kimberly A. Boyer, Philadelphia, for appellee.

Before: STEVENS, PANELLA and OLSZWESKI, JJ.

OPINION BY PANELLA, J.:

¶ 1 Glenn E. Blaine, Jr. and Dorsey Blaine appeal from the Order entered on June 6, 2003 in the Court of Common Pleas of York County denying the Blaines' Motion to Amend their personal injury Complaint and granting summary judgment in favor of Appellee. On appeal, the Blaines argue that agents of York Financial Corporation, Appellee in this action, actively misled them as to the identity of the proper Defendant in this matter. After a careful review, we reverse and remand for further proceedings.

¶ 2 Initially, we will review the factual background of this action, as set forth in the Complaint. On December 12, 1999, Appellant Glenn E. Blaine, Jr., was touring a two-story home with a real estate agent as a prospective buyer. While descending a set of steps in the house, the steps gave way, causing Blaine to fall to the ground and suffer injuries. The Complaint names York Financial Corporation, Appellee, as the owner of the house.

¶ 3 Plaintiffs initially attempted to handle this matter pro se and proceeded to negotiate with Chubb Group of Insurance Companies, which insured York Financial Corporation. On February 3, 2000, Patricia J. Smith, Claim Representative for Chubb, sent a letter to Blaine identifying the insured entity as York Financial Corporation and asking for Blaine's telephone number in order to contact him with regard to his general liability claim from December 12, 1999. It is important to note that York Financial Corporation admits that Smith was aware that York Financial was not the owner of the subject house at the time she sent this letter. (Exhibit E to Plaintiffs' Motion to Amend Complaint).

¶ 4 Over the course of the next 6 months, several more letters were sent to Blaine from Smith and from Jill M. Malgier, a Claims Examiner with Chubb. Each of these letters identifies York Financial Corporation as the insured party. York Financial Corporation admits that Malgier was also aware that York Financial Corporation was not the owner of the subject house when she sent the letters. (Exhibit E to Plaintiffs' Motion to Amend Complaint).

¶ 5 On August 31, 2001, the Blaines retained their current counsel. On November 6, 2001, Blaines' counsel received a letter from Joanne M. Force identifying the insured as York Financial Corporation. On December 3, 2001, the Blaines filed the instant Complaint, as the statute of limitations was set to expire on December 12, 2001. On December 14, 2001, the Blaines' counsel sent a letter to Force stating "Because of the impending Statute of Limitations, I had to file suit. I am willing, however, to discuss settlement amicably if you wish to withhold further litigation. Please advise accordingly."

¶ 6 On April 30, 2002, counsel for York Financial Corporation sent a letter to Plaintiff's counsel stating that, in fact, York Federal Savings and Loan Association¹ was the owner of the house. On June 3, 2002, York Financial Corporation filed an Answer with New Matter, denying ownership of the subject property. Discovery in the form of interrogatories and requests for admissions was exchanged. In December of 2002, York Financial Corporation filed a Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings. In March of 2003, Plaintiffs filed a Motion to Amend Complaint In Order to Correct Name of Defendant. The matters were consolidated, and on June 6, 2003, the lower court denied Plaintiffs' Motion to Amend and granted Defendant's Motion for Judgment on the Pleadings. A timely Notice of Appeal was filed by the Blaines.

¶ 7 Initially, we note the applicable standard of review. "The decision of the trial Court to deny a motion to amend a complaint is within the sound discretion of the trial court, and the trial court's determination will not be disturbed absent an abuse of that discretion." Ferraro v. McCarthy-Pascuzzo, 777 A.2d 1128, 1132 (Pa.Super.2001).

¶ 8 The Supreme Court of Pennsylvania has set forth the general rule for attempts to amend a pleading after the statute of limitations has run:

Where the statute of limitations has run, amendments will not be allowed which introduce a new cause of action or bring in a new party or change the capacity in which he is sued. If the effect of the amendment is to correct the name under which the right party is sued, it will be allowed; if it is to bring in a new party, it will be refused.

Girardi v. Laquin Lumber Company, 232 Pa. 1, 81 A. 63 (1911). However, this Court has refused to apply this rule in cases where the defendant has actively misled the plaintiff into believing that the correct defendant has been named. Lafferty v. Alan Wexler Agency, Inc., 393 Pa.Super. 400, 574 A.2d 671 (1990). The defendant's actions in misleading the plaintiff need not be intentional. Id. The Plaintiff bears the burden of proving active concealment through clear and convincing evidence. Montanya v. McGonegal, 757 A.2d 947, 950 (Pa.Super.2000) (citations omitted).

¶ 9 York Financial Corporation attempts to distinguish Lafferty and argues that the present factual scenario is more closely analogous to Fredericks v. Sophocles, 831 A.2d 147 (Pa.Super.2003). However, Fredericks did not involve active misrepresentation on the part of the defendant as to the correct identity of the proper owner. The specific issues addressed by the Fredericks court were 1) whether the defendant failed to properly deny ownership of the subject property in his pleadings, and 2) whether the trial court erred in returning to allow plaintiff to amend the caption to reflect the correct partnerships as a defendant.

¶ 10 After examining the pleadings, the Fredericks court found that the defendant had in fact, properly denied his ownership in the subject property. Fredericks, 831 A.2d at 149-150. Further, the court found that under Pennsylvania Rule of Civil Procedure 2128(a), a partnership must be named to be made a party. Merely naming one of the partnership's principals is not sufficient. Fredericks, 831 A.2d at 150. As a result, the court held that an amendment adding a different partnership, albeit one in which one of the individual defendants was also a partner, was not a "correction" allowable after the statutory limitation period had run. Id. Neither of these issues concern us in the present case, and therefore we find Fredericks to have no relation to the present case.

¶ 11 In the alternative, York Financial Corporation argues that the result in this case is controlled by Ferraro v. McCarthy-Pascuzzo, 777 A.2d 1128 (Pa.Super.2001). In Ferraro, the plaintiffs argued that the defendant and its insurance carrier actively misrepresented the identity of the...