Bowen v. Brogan

• Decision Date: 20 January 1899
• Court: Michigan Supreme Court
• Parties: BOWEN ET AL. v. BROGAN ET UX.

77 N.W. 942

119 Mich. 218

BOWEN ET AL. v. BROGAN ET UX.

Supreme Court of Michigan

January 20, 1899

Error to circuit court, Calhoun county; Clement Smith, Judge.

Ejectment by Edwin Bowen and others against Patrick Brogan and wife. Judgment for defendants, and plaintiffs bring error. Reversed.

Jesse M. Hatch (Louis C. Miller, of counsel), for appellants.

Frank W. Clapp, for appellees.

MOORE, J.

Plaintiffs as heirs at law of David Bowen, deceased, commenced an action of ejectment to obtain possession of real estate occupied by defendants. The case was tried before the circuit judge, who decided in favor of defendants. David Bowen, at the time of his death, was the owner of the land in question. He was in possession of the land at the time of his death, in 1872. He left no children surviving him, but left a widow and an adopted son. He left no will. In 1871, Mr. Bowen gave Mr McKinstry a mortgage upon the land in question, for $700 payable October 10, 1880. The interest was payable annually. The mortgage contained an interest clause, providing that, if default was made in the payment of interest, the principal might be treated as due. A foreclosure of this mortgage, by advertisement, was commenced in March, 1874, which notice stated that there was due, as principal and interest $645.15. June 19, 1874, the sheriff sold the property to Robert Murphy for $735.80, and issued to him a sheriff's deed, which was recorded June 24, 1875. On the same day, Mr. Murphy gave a quitclaim deed of the premises to the widow of David Bowen, who had again married. She had remained in possession of the premises all of the time, and continued to remain in possession of them up to the time of her death, which occurred in December, 1886. Prior to June, 1875, Mrs. Bowen was appointed administratrix of her husband's estate, and was such administratrix at the time the land was deeded to her by Mr. Murphy. The adopted son of Mr. and Mrs. Bowen died in December, 1873; and it is altogether probable the Bowens regarded this son as their legal heir, as the law under which he was adopted was not declared unconstitutional until after the death of Mrs. Bowen. After the death of Mrs. Bowen, the land was assigned by the probate court to Richard White and Kate Donahue, as the only heirs of Mrs. Bowen, and they sold the premises to Patrick Brogan and his wife.

It is the claim of the plaintiffs that, at the time the mortgage was foreclosed, the interest and part of the principal had been paid, and nothing was due upon it, so that the foreclosure proceeding was a void proceeding, and no title was obtained through it. The circuit judge found there was paid in July, 1873, upon this mortgage, $547.20. We think this finding was justified by competent and material testimony. If this amount was paid, it is evident there was nothing due upon the mortgage when it was foreclosed, and the right to foreclose it did not exist, and no legal title was obtained by the foreclosure.

There are also other objections to the defense which is interposed here. In the absence of a will and of children, Mrs. Bowen's interest in her husband's real estate was a life interest (How. Ann. St. � 5772a, subd. 2); and, upon the death of Bridget Bowen, the mother and the two brothers of David Bowen, deceased, would be entitled to the property ( Id. subd. 3). Mrs. Bowen then being possessed of the life estate, and the plaintiffs in this case being the remainder-men, what was the duty of Mrs. Bowen in relation to the real estate and the mortgage upon it? The rule is well settled that, as between the owners of the fee and the life estate of incumbered property, the owner of the life estate is charged with the duty of paying the interest upon the incumbrance. Campbell v. Campbell, 21 Mich. 438; Defreese v. Lake, 109 Mich. 415, 67 N.W. 505; Damm v. Damm, 109 Mich. 619, 67 N.W. 904. It, then, being the duty of Mrs. Bowen to pay the interest upon the mortgage, by neglecting the duty, and allowing the mortgage to be foreclosed, she could not, by acquiring the property through the foreclosure sale, cut off the title of the remainder-men. To allow her to do so would be to allow her to profit by her neglect of duty. Dubois v. Campau, 24 Mich. 369; Insurance Co. v. Bulte, 45 Mich. 113, 7 N.W. 707; Whitney v. Salter, 36 Minn. 103, 30 N.W. 755.

It is claimed by defendants that there having been a foreclosure of this mortgage, even though the foreclosure is irregular, that the purchaser is subrogated to the rights of the mortgagee, and, being in possession, ejectment is not the proper remedy, but the proceeding must be in a court of equity; citing Gage v. Sanborn, 106 Mich. 270, 64 N.W. 32, and Gale v. Eckhart, 107 Mich. 465, 65 N.W 274. It is also...