Butler v. The Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, Chicago and St. Louis Railroad Company

• Decision Date: 03 February 1897
• Docket Number: 1,990
• Citation: 46 N.E. 92,18 Ind.App. 656
• Parties: BUTLER ET AL. v. THE PITTSBURGH, CINCINNATI, CHICAGO AND ST. LOUIS RAILROAD COMPANY
• Court: Indiana Appellate Court

46 N.E. 92

18 Ind.App. 656

BUTLER ET AL. v. THE PITTSBURGH, CINCINNATI, CHICAGO AND ST. LOUIS RAILROAD COMPANY

No. 1,990

Court of Appeals of Indiana

February 3, 1897

Rehearing denied Dec. 15, 1897.

From the Henry Circuit Court.

Affirmed.

M. E Forkner, for appellants.

John L Rupe, for appellee.

OPINION

WILEY, J.

Appellants were "partners, trading under the name of Farrell and Butler," and prosecuted this action against the appellee, to recover damages for "unreasonable delay," in carrying two carloads of hogs from Bentonville, Indiana, to Cincinnati, Ohio. The complaint is in one paragraph, and is based upon a bill of lading, or written contract, which embraces all the conditions upon which appellee received and agreed to ship the stock. The bill of lading bears date of July 27, 1893, and the complaint avers, that on that day, the appellee owned and operated a system of railroads, as common carriers, through the village of Bentonville, Indiana, to the city of Cambridge, there intersecting a certain other road owned and operated by appellee, from Indianapolis to Richmond, Indiana, thence to Columbus, Ohio, and thence to Cincinnati; that on said day appellants delivered to appellee two carloads of hogs, at Bentonville, to be shipped to Cincinnati, which appellee agreed to do with all "reasonable dispatch," and issued to appellants its bill of lading, and written contract and agreement, which bill of lading is made a part of the complaint by exhibit; that appellee failed to carry out its said agreement in this, viz.: that appellee carried said hogs on said day from Bentonville to Richmond, a distance of thirty miles, and there placed them on the sidetrack, unnecessarily and without cause, and allowed them to remain there twenty-four hours, without notice to appellants, and without food or water or other attention; that at the time the weather was very warm, that the hogs were very fat and perishable in their nature, and that by reason of said delay, six of said hogs died and became wholly worthless; that the remaining part thereof, by reason of said delay, shrank in weights to the amount of seventy-five dollars, more than they otherwise would if they had been delivered within a reasonable time; that by reason of the delay appellants were compelled to sell said hogs for $ 150.00 less than they would and could have received if they had been delivered within a reasonable time and without delay, on account of the market having gone down during such time; that appellants performed all of the conditions of said agreement on their part, and by reason of the failure of the appellee to perform its part thereof they were damaged," etc.

For the purposes of this opinion, it is unnecessary to set out, even in the abstract, the many stipulations of the bill of lading. It is enough to say that it is in the usual form and contains the usual conditions of like contracts for shipping live stock.

The appellee challenged the sufficiency of the complaint by a demurrer, which the court overruled, to which ruling the appellee excepted. The appellee then answered in three paragraphs, but as counsel have failed to discuss any question raised by the affirmative paragraphs of answer, they need not be noticed here. Reply in general denial, trial by jury and verdict for appellee. Motion by appellants for new trial overruled, and appellants appeal.

Appellants have assigned error as follows:

1. The court erred in overruling the demurrer to the second paragraph of answer.

2. The court erred in overruling appellants' motion for a new trial.

Many of the questions which arose on the trial, and which are embraced in the second assignment of error, are eliminated from the case by the failure of appellants to discuss them in their brief. The learned counsel for the appellants, after fully stating, in his brief, the facts averred in the complaint, and proved at the trial, makes the following statement: "We appeal this case strictly upon the instructions given by the court."

Having failed to discuss any other questions presented in the record, they are, under the familiar rule, waived.

There are, therefore, but two questions in this case for our decision and determination, viz.:

1. The action of the court in overruling the demurrer to the complaint.

2. Whether or not there was reversible error, in the instruction given by the court, of which appellants complain.

If the first question is resolved in favor of the appellee, then the second need not be determined, for in that event the judgment must be affirmed.

While appellee does not admit that the instructions complained of were erroneous, but, on the contrary, contends that they correctly stated the law applicable to the proved facts, yet asserts that even if they were erroneous, appellants were not harmed thereby, because the court erred in overruling the demurrer to the complaint; and as the complaint did not state any cause of action in favor of appellants, upon which a judgment could be founded, any subsequent error could not be prejudicial to them. Under the authorities, this position of the appellee is well grounded. This leads us, therefore, to the determination of the sufficiency of the complaint. The appellee insists that the complaint is fatally defective, for the reason that it fails to aver ownership of the property described in the complaint in the appellants.

From the material facts of the complaint, as above quoted, it appears that there is no direct averment that the appellants were the owners of the property shipped, nor does the complaint in express terms state to whom the stock was consigned. The bill of lading, which was a special contract, shows that the appellee received the property of Farrell and Butler, and that it was consigned to Huddleston, Hubbard & Company, Cincinnati, Ohio. Appellee contends that as the complaint is silent as to the ownership of the property, the presumption of law is that the title is in the consignee. From the authorities, this proposition seems firmly established.

In Madison, etc., R. R. Co. v. Whitesel, 11 Ind. 55, is found the first adjudication upon the subject in the State, and in that case the court says: "As a general rule, the action against a carrier for the loss of goods sent by a vendor to a vendee, must be instituted in the name of the consignee; because the law implies that, by the delivery to the carrier, the goods became the property of the consignee, and this obtains though the consignor has paid the carrier for the conveyance of the goods." * * * * Continuing, the court says: "The defendants promised to deliver them for Rhodenstein & Co., at the regular station in Cincinnati, on payment of freight, etc. Hence, it must be assumed that the property in the goods vested in the consignees upon their delivery to the carriers."

In Pennsylvania Co. v. Holderman, 69 Ind. 18 Howk, C. J., says: "The legal presumption is that, upon the delivery of goods by the consignor to a common carrier, the title thereto vests in the consignee, and this presumption the carrier has a right to rely and act upon, in the absence of express notice from the consignor that he retains the...