Cajiafas v. United States

• Decision Date: 21 February 1930
• Docket Number: No. 5555.,5555.
• Citation: 38 F.2d 3
• Parties: CAJIAFAS et al. v. UNITED STATES.
• Court: U.S. Court of Appeals — Sixth Circuit

38 F.2d 3 (1930)

CAJIAFAS et al. v. UNITED STATES.

No. 5555.

Circuit Court of Appeals, Sixth Circuit.

February 21, 1930.

Paul Bairas, of Detroit, Mich., for appellants.

Wm. G. Comb, of Detroit, Mich. (John R. Watkins, of Detroit, Mich., on the brief), for the United States.

Before MOORMAN and HICKS, Circuit Judges, and ANDERSON, District Judge.

HICKS, Circuit Judge.

Appellants, partners, and involuntary bankrupts, were convicted of knowingly and fraudulently concealing money and merchandise from the trustee. Bankruptcy Act 1898 (30 Stat. 554, c. 541, subc. 4) § 29b, cl. (1), USC tit. 11, § 52(b) cl. (1) 11 USCA § 52(b) (1). They appealed and assigned errors. We consider only those urged in the brief:

1. It is insisted that the involuntary petition in bankruptcy was inadmissible because defective; that the adjudication was therefore void and the election of the trustee of no effect. The answer is that the adjudication is not open to collateral attack. Fairbanks Steam Shovel Co. v. Wills, 240 U. S. 642, 649, 36 S. Ct. 466, 60 L. Ed. 841; Edelstein v. U. S., 149 F. 636, 638, 9 L. R. A. (N. S.) 236 (C. C. A. 8); Larkin-Green Logging Co. v. Sabin, 222 F. 814, 816 (C. C. A. 9).

2. Keegan, an auditor, testified that during an examination of the bankrupt, Cajiafas, and while Cajiafas was going over the books of the bankrupt with Keegan, the witness, in the library adjoining the court-room, Cajiafas told witness in substance that he had paid his attorney $1,000 and had kept $1,000. This was objected to upon the ground that it was a privileged statement under section 7, cl. (9) of the Bankruptcy Act (U. S. C. tit. 11, § 25, cl. (9), 11 USCA § 25(9). The difficulty is that the record fails to disclose that the examination of Cajiafas at the time of the alleged statement was being made under the above-mentioned section. If his examination was under section 21a of the Act (USC tit. 11, § 44(a), 11 USCA § 44(a) which seems conceded, the statement was not privileged. McCarthy v. Arndstein, 266 U. S. 34, 42, 45 S. Ct. 16, 69 L. Ed. 158; Goldstein v. U. S., 11 F.(2d) 593, 594 (C. C. A. 5).

3. The objection that Griffith, an accountant and witness for the prosecution, was permitted to testify to the contents of certain books before they were identified is without merit, because the reference to these books by other witnesses, and the use of them by Cajiafas himself, while a witness, satisfactorily identified them as the books of the partnership. In this connection we think that appellants' cash book, being Exhibit 59, was likewise sufficiently identified, and that therefore its introduction was not error.

4. It was not error to permit the introduction of Government's Exhibit 13, a check payable to Cajiafas and Panopoulos and bearing the indorsement of D. Uhler; of Government's Exhibits 29 and 30, two checks payable to cash and bearing the indorsement of Della Uhler; Government's Exhibits 31, 32, 33, and 34, documents relating to the bank account of Della Uhler and the testimony of Edsall touching the purchase by Della Uhler (Mrs. Panopoulos) of wearing apparel valued at about $1,400 in a period of about thirty days shortly before bankruptcy from the J. L. Hudson Company and charged to the bankrupt. Della Uhler became the wife of Panopoulos on October 31, 1926, and this evidence in connection with the exhibits tending to trace partnership assets into her hands was relevant upon the vital question of intentional concealment.

5. The eleventh assignment is overruled. We find no prejudicial...