Cech, In re
| Decision Date | 16 November 1972 |
| Docket Number | No. 56176,56176 |
| Parties | In the Matter of the Petition to Adopt Denis Michael CECH, a minor. James H. BERGSTEDT and Priscilla L. Bergstedt, Petitioners-Appellees, v. Albert CECH, Respondent-Appellant. |
| Court | United States Appellate Court of Illinois |
John L. White and Robert K. Kelty, Chicago, for respondent-appellant.
Frank N. McGee, Oak Lawn, for petitioners-appellees.
Priscilla Bergstedt and Albert Cech are the parents of Denis Michael Cech. Pursuant to a divorce decree entered in December 1969, the mother was given custody of the child and the father was awarded visitation rights. Both parents subsequently remarried: the mother, twelve days after the decree, the father in April 1970. Thereafter, the child's mother and her new husband initiated this action to adopt Denis. The trial court granted the petition. This appeal involves the propriety of the court's ruling.
Albert Cech contends that the court was in error for two reasons: proof of his unfitness was not clear and convincing and the evidence did not establish that the adoption was in the best interest of the child.
Denis Cech was born in September 1966. Marital problems arose between the parents and in October 1968 Cech left his family and moved into a northwest side YMCA. The two-year-old child spent the next five weeks at the home of his paternal grandparents until his mother arranged for daytime care in a nursery school. A close friendship existed between Cech's mother and his wife and it continued after the separation. They talked to each other on the phone regularly and the grandmother frequently took care of Denis while his mother, a school teacher, did her school work. The grandmother testified that during 1969 she saw Denis once every week or two weeks at either her home or her daughter-in-law's. She visited her daughter-in-law and took the child to her home; on several occasions he spent the weekend at her home.
Cech did not see his son from the day he left his home until the summer of 1969. Thereafter, he saw him approximately once every six weeks at his mother's home. Occasionally, his mother brought the child to the park where he was employed as a physical education instructor. Whenever he talked to his mother on the telephone he inquired about Denis and she called him every time Denis stayed with her. Before the adoption petition was filed he did not exercise his visitation rights because he wanted to avoid his former wife. After the petition was filed she stopped bringing Denis to his mother's; he then tried to arrange for visitation but she would not permit him to see his son. The last time they were together was in December 1970, when Denis was at his mother's home for the weekend. They played together for three or four hours. He, his mother and his wife testified that he bought birthday and Christmas gifts for his son which were forwarded by his mother.
When Cech left his wife he gave her the major part of his bi-monthly paycheck and the family car. Subsequently he paid $6,000 in household bills, which covered all the outstanding bills except for the automobile. He also agreed to pay $25 per week child support; this was later modified to $100 per month. At the time of the adoption hearing he was current in the support payments and maintained hospitalization insurance for the child.
A petition for adoption must establish that there has been a valid consent to that adoption or that the person whose consent is normally required is unfit. Ill.Rev.Stat., 1969, ch. 4, para. 9.1--8. Cech's consent was necessary for the adoption. Since it was not given, the petitioners alleged:
'That Albert R. Cech, the father, has failed to maintain a reasonable degree of interest, concern or responsibility to the child's welfare and has continuously neglected his said child; that the father abandoned and deserted his said child for a period in excess of three months immediately preceding the filing of this Petition and he is therefore unfit to have the care and custody of his said child and his consent to this adoption is not necessary.'
Cech's consent to the adoption was not needed if any of the alleged statutory grounds of unfitness were proven: abandonment of the child; failure to maintain a reasonable degree of interest, concern or responsibility for the child's welfare; or, desertion of the child for more than three months preceding the commencement of the adoption proceedings. Ill.Rev.Stat., 1969, ch. 4, para. 9.1--1, subdivision D(a), (b), (c).
Abandonment is conduct on the part of a parent which demonstrates a settled purpose to forego all paternal duties and to relinquish all parental claims to the child. Desertion, as contemplated by the Adoption Act, is any conduct on the part of a parent which indicates an intention to permanently terminate custody over the child but not to relinquish all parental duties and claims to the child. Petition of Smith, 4 Ill.App.3d 261, 280 N.E.2d 770 (1972); Thorpe v. Thorpe, 48 Ill.App.2d 455, 198 N.E.2d 743 (1964). Based upon these definitions, the facts do not sustain the court's finding that Cech abandoned and...
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