Chandler v. U.S. Air Force

• Decision Date: 27 April 2001
• Docket Number: No. 00-3794,00-3794
• Citation: 255 F.3d 919
• Parties: (8th Cir. 2001) WINSTON G. CHANDLER, APPELLANT, v. UNITED STATES AIR FORCE, SECRETARY; RAYMOND H. WELLER, CHIEF OF CORRECTION BOARD, UNITED STATES AIR FORCE; MARTHA MAUST, PANEL CHAIR, UNITED STATES AIR FORCE, APPELLEES. Submitted:
• Court: U.S. Court of Appeals — Eighth Circuit

Page 919

255 F.3d 919 (8th Cir. 2001)

WINSTON G. CHANDLER, APPELLANT, v. UNITED STATES AIR FORCE, SECRETARY; RAYMOND H. WELLER, CHIEF OF CORRECTION BOARD, UNITED STATES AIR FORCE; MARTHA MAUST, PANEL CHAIR, UNITED STATES AIR FORCE, APPELLEES.

No. 00-3794

UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE EIGHTH CIRCUIT

Submitted: April 27, 2001

Filed: June 26, 2001

On Appeal from the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas.

Before Morris Sheppard Arnold, Richard S. Arnold, and Fagg, Circuit Judges.

Richard S. Arnold, Circuit Judge.

Major Winston G. Chandler brought this action alleging that during his military career an Air Force mistake prevented him from receiving promotions due him, and that the Air Force Board for Correction of Military Records (Board) failed to correct the mistake pursuant to the Reserve Officer Personnel Act of 1954. The District Court dismissed Major Chandler's claim as time-barred under 28 U.S.C. § 2401(a). On reconsideration, the Court added that, pursuant to the Little Tucker Act, 28 U.S.C. § 1346, the Court of Federal Claims, rather than the District Court, has jurisdiction over Major Chandler's claim. We affirm in part and reverse and remand in part.

Major Chandler served as a commissioned officer from 1944 through his retirement in 1966. In 1983, discovering retrospectively the Air Force's failure to grant him the sequence of promotions to which he believed he was entitled, Major Chandler submitted to the Board a formal application for correction pursuant to 10 U.S.C. § 1552 (allowing the Board, at the discretion of the Secretary of the Air Force, to correct errors and remove injustices from military records and, when it finds error, to award retroactive promotions and back pay). Following administrative consideration, the Board denied his claim, concluding he had not shown either that he was eligible for an earlier promotion or that he had been placed in the wrong "promotion zone." Major Chandler again brought the matter before the Board in 1995 and was again denied relief; he sought reconsideration, and the Board, after review on the merits, delivered a third adverse decision in March 1999. Major Chandler filed this action in July 2000.

In providing for the establishment of military boards of review, Congress exercised its authority over the military granted in Art. I, § 8 of the Constitution and long recognized by courts. See Chappell v. Wallace, 462 U.S. 296, 300-04 (1983) ("special and exclusive system of military justice" provides appropriate redress for military complaints). This Court has previously determined that matters affecting military discipline are non-justiciable, see Watson v. Ark. Nat'l Guard, 886 F.2d 1004, 1008-09 (8th Cir. 1989). We agree with the District Court that it cannot grant Major Chandler a promotion to Lieutenant Colonel, the rank which he claims. This does not mean, however, that the District Court was without jurisdiction in the matter. Under the Administrative Procedure Act, 5 U.S.C. §§ 701-06, the District Court has authority to review the decisions of military review boards to determine whether they are arbitrary, capricious, not supported by substantial evidence, or contrary to law. See Chappell, 426 U.S. at 303; Watson, 886 F.2d at 1008 n.10; see also Kreis v. Secretary of the Air Force, 866 F.2d 1508, 1513-15 (D.C. Cir. 1989). Because Major Chandler has waived any...