City of Miami v. Schutte

• Court: Florida District Court of Appeals
• Writing for the Court: Before BARKDULL; PER CURIAM
• Citation: City of Miami v. Schutte, 262 So.2d 14 (Fla. App. 1972)
• Decision Date: 02 May 1972
• Docket Number: No. 71--1035,71--1035
• Parties: CITY OF MIAMI, a Municipal corporation chartered under the laws of the State of Florida, et al., Appellants, v. Julio SCHUTTE, Individually and as Agent for Harlon Hummer, et al., Appellees.

Page 14

262 So.2d 14

CITY OF MIAMI, a Municipal corporation chartered under the laws of the State of Florida, et al., Appellants, v. Julio SCHUTTE, Individually and as Agent for Harlon Hummer, et al., Appellees.

No. 71--1035.

District Court of Appeal of Florida, Third District.

May 2, 1972.

Alan H. Rothstein, City Atty., and Larry J. Hirsch, Asst. City Atty. for appellants.

Nadler & Tunick, Miami, for appellees.

Before BARKDULL, C.J., and PEARSON and CHARLES CARROLL, JJ.

PER CURIAM.

The City appeals an adverse ruling requiring rezoning of certain property in the vicinity of Miami International Airport.

The subject property and other property in the immediate vicinity was originally zoned C--5, which is referred to in the City Code as 'liberal commercial'. Subsequently, in 1968 and 1969, the City officials rezoned certain property adjacent to or across the street from the parcels involved in the instant litigation to R--4, permitting multi-family or apartment house use. A sketch depicting the property involved is reproduced as follows:

NOTE: OPINION CONTAINS TABLE OR OTHER DATA THAT IS NOT VIEWABLE

LE JEUNE GARDEN ESTATES SEC. 3, Plat Book 44, Page 11, from C--5 (Liberal Commercial) to R--4 (Medium Density Multiple) District, located at N.W. 43rd Avenue at N.W. South.

'EXHIBIT G'

(This will be referred to as Plaintiff's Exhibit 1 as listed in Record on Appeal)

A. 67

The subject property is in two parcels, both of which border on Northwest South Tamiami Canal Drive; the southernmost parcel is also bounded by Northwest 43rd Avenue, and the northernmost parcel is in the middle of the block with R--4 zoning to the southwest and R--4 zoning to the northwest, and bounded generally on the east by C--5 zoning. The application for the rezoning was recommended for denial by the Planning Board and, following hearings before the City Cimmission, the Commission sustained the recommendations of the Planning Board and refused to rezone the property. The attack in the trial court was that the action of the City was arbitrary and unreasonable and that the maintenance of the C--5 zoning on the subject property, when it was almost entirely surrounded by R--4 zoning, constituted spot zoning in reverse.

The chancellor took evidence and it appeared that one of the principal arguments by the City to sustain the action of the zoning authorities was that to permit multiple family dwellings would be hazardous to persons living therein, because of the proximity of the property to the International Airport. It was conceded that the property as zoned, C--5 Liberal Commercial, would have permitted a hotel or a motel to be constructed on this property. The chancellor found the action of the City zoning officials and the City Commission, in denying the change sought by the property owners, to be arbitrary and unreasonable and, in effect, enjoined them from enforcing any zoning construction more restrictive than R--4 upon the property in question. ¹

We affirm the action of the chancellor. Ordinarily, courts should not substitute their judgment for that of the legislative body of the governmental agency charged with the responsibility of administering zoning regulations. Town of Surfside v. Abelson, Fla.App.1958, 106 So.2d 108; Smith v. City of Miami Beach, Fla.App.1968, 213 So.2d 281. However, when the actions of a legislative body in enforcing zoning regulations are arbitrary or capricious, then the courts are required to act to protect the interests of the property owner. Burritt v. Harris, Fla.1965, 172 So.2d 820; Kugel v. City of Miami Beach, Fla.App.1968, 206 So.2d 282; Manilow v. City of Miami Beach, Fla.App.1968, 213 So.2d 589.

It is to be remembered that ownership of real property carries with it the right to use said property for any lawful purpose, except as may be regulated under the police power of the governing authorities to protect the health and welfare of the community at large. State ex rel. Helseth v. DuBose, 99 Fla. 812, 128 So. 4; Tollius v. City of Miami, Fla.1957, 96 So.2d 122; Burritt v. Harris, supra; Metropolitan Dade County v. Pierce, Fla.App.1970, 236 So.2d 202. And, when the zoning regulations bear no reasonable relation to the health and welfare of the community at large, a citizen's property should not be subjected thereto. Of course, when a zoning regulation is 'fairly debatable' then the courts are not empowered to interfere with the legislative action of a governing...