City of Minot v. Mattern, Cr. N

• Decision Date: 20 December 1989
• Docket Number: Cr. N
• Citation: 449 N.W.2d 560
• Parties: CITY OF MINOT, North Dakota, Plaintiff and Appellee, v. Wayne Kenneth MATTERN, Defendant and Appellant. o. 880371.
• Court: North Dakota Supreme Court

Page 560

449 N.W.2d 560

CITY OF MINOT, North Dakota, Plaintiff and Appellee, v. Wayne Kenneth MATTERN, Defendant and Appellant.

Cr. No. 880371.

Supreme Court of North Dakota.

Dec. 20, 1989.

Mark Ashley Flagstad (argued), Asst. State's Atty., Minot, for plaintiff and appellee.

Schoppert Law Firm, Minot, for defendant and appellant; argued by Thomas K. Schoppert.

GIERKE, Justice.

Wayne Kenneth Mattern has appealed from a Ward County Court order dismissing his appeal from a Minot Municipal Court order denying his motion requesting a trial on a charge of violating Sec. 39-08-01, N.D.C.C. We affirm.

On July 2, 1987, Mattern was arrested and charged with driving a motor vehicle while under the influence of intoxicating liquor or with a blood alcohol concentration of at least ten one-hundredths of one percent by weight in violation of Sec. 39-08-01, N.D.C.C. Bond was set at $500. Trial was set for August 27, 1987. Mattern did not appear for trial and the municipal court granted the city prosecutor's motion to forfeit the bond.

Mattern appealed to county court on September 8, 1987. The appeal was dismissed. On August 19, 1988, Mattern filed a motion requesting a trial in municipal court on the ground that no judgment of conviction had been entered. The municipal court denied the motion and Mattern appealed to the county court. The county court dismissed the appeal. Mattern appealed to this court, contending that "[a] forfeiture under N.D.C.C. 39-06-30 is not a bar to a request for trial on the original citation" and that "[a] forfeiture cannot deny a defendant the right to a jury trial." Mattern requests that we remand with instructions to enter an order requiring the municipal court to allow a trial.

The City of Minot contends that this matter is not appealable under Sec. 29-28-06, N.D.C.C., because "there was no criminal judgment of conviction entered and therefore the Court's Order denying the Motion for Trial is not an Order after Judgment affecting a substantial right of the Defendant." We disagree. The municipal court's order denying Mattern's motion requesting a trial and the county court order dismissing his appeal constitute orders "made after judgment" affecting Mattern's substantial right to a jury trial and are, thus, appealable under Sec. 29-28-06(5), N.D.C.C.

As we understand his argument, Mattern contends that he is entitled to a trial because a forfeiture of bond is not a conviction and a forfeiture does not authorize a court to enter a judgment of conviction. Section 39-06-30, N.D.C.C., provides in part:

"For purposes of this title the term 'conviction' means a final order or judgment of conviction ... provided that no appeal is pending and the time for filing a notice of appeal has elapsed. Subject to the filing of an appeal, a conviction shall include those instances when:

* * * * * *

"3. There is a forfeiture of bail or collateral deposited to secure a defendant's appearance in court and the forfeiture has not been vacated."

Thus, for purposes of Title 39, N.D.C.C., a bond forfeiture is a "conviction."

Mattern, however, argues that, under Sec. 39-06-30, N.D.C.C., a forfeiture is termed a "conviction" only for administrative license purposes, and although failure to appear at trial may have an impact on the driving privilege, it is not a criminal judgment of conviction for driving under the influence. Section 39-06-30 draws no such distinction. Section 39-08-01, N.D.C.C., prohibiting one from driving a motor vehicle while under the influence of intoxicating liquor or with a blood alcohol concentration of at least ten one-hundredths of one percent by weight, is contained in Title 39, N.D.C.C. Thus, under Sec. 39-06-30, N.D.C.C., a bond forfeiture for failing to appear for trial on a charge of violating Sec. 39-08-01, N.D.C.C., or equivalent ordinance, is a conviction as long as "the forfeiture has not been vacated." ¹

Mattern contends that a bond "forfeiture cannot deny a defendant the right to a jury trial." Under Sec. 40-18-15, N.D.C.C., a defendant charged with violation of a municipal ordinance is not entitled to a jury trial in municipal court. City of Bismarck v. Altevogt, 353 N.W.2d 760 (N.D.1984). Under the provisions of Sec. 40-18-15, N.D.C.C., in effect at the time of Mattern's arrest, however, a defendant was "entitled to a trial by jury upon appeal from the determination of a municipal judge." Altevogt, supra, 353 N.W.2d at 764.

The right of appeal is determined by statute and appellate jurisdiction can be exercised only in the manner prescribed. City of Bismarck v. Altevogt, supra. At the time of Mattern's arrest, Sec. 40-18-15, N.D.C.C., provided:

"An action for the violation of a city ordinance shall be tried and determined by the...