Clifton v. Jackson Iron Co.

• Decision Date: 15 February 1889
• Citation: 41 N.W. 891,74 Mich. 183
• Court: Michigan Supreme Court
• Parties: CLIFTON v. JACKSON IRON CO.

41 N.W. 891

74 Mich. 183

CLIFTON v. JACKSON IRON CO.

Supreme Court of Michigan

February 15, 1889

Error to circuit court, Delta county; GRANT, Judge.

Trespass by Charles Clifton against the Jackson Iron Company for cutting timber from plaintiff's land. Judgment for plaintiff, and defendant brings error.

CAMPBELL J.

Plaintiff sued defendant for trespass in cutting his timber in the winter of 1885-86. The defense set up was that the timber though on plaintiff's land, belonged to defendant. This claim was based on the fact that on September 22, 1877, a little more than eight years before the trespass, defendant made a contract to sell the land trespassed on to plaintiff but with this reservation: "Reserving to itself, its assigns and corporate successors, the ownership of pine butternut, hemlock, beech, maple, birch, iron-wood, or other timber suitable for sawing into lumber, or for making into firewood or charcoal, now on said tract of land, and also the right to cut and remove any or all of said timber, at its option, at any time within ten years from and after the date of these presents." There were some unimportant provisions, also, not now material. Plaintiff showed that on November 4, 1885, the defendant conveyed to him the land in question by full warranty deed, and with no exceptions or reservations whatever. The testimony of defendant's agent, who cut the timber, tended to prove that when the cutting was done the defendant's manager did not dispute plaintiff's title, but gave the agent to understand that it belonged to plaintiff, but that some arrangement would be made about it; that plaintiff was then absent, and there was no conversation with him or his wife on the subject. The bill of exceptions certifies that no other evidence was given concerning the right to cut timber. Upon these facts the court held that the deed conveyed the right in the timber to plaintiff, and that he owned it.

Had no deed been made, it is agreed that the reservation would have prevailed. But a previous contract cannot contradict or control the operation of a deed. It was competent for defendant to relinquish any contract reservation, and a deed which grants and warrants without any reservation has that effect. We do not hold that if the deed were so made by some mistake within the cognizance of equity the mistake might not be corrected. Neither need we consider whether, after such a deed, there might not be...