Cooper v. City of Greenfield

• Decision Date: 24 April 1907
• Docket Number: 20,910
• Parties: Cooper v. City of Greenfield
• Court: Indiana Supreme Court

81 N.E. 56

169 Ind. 14

Cooper v. City of Greenfield

No. 20,910

Supreme Court of Indiana

April 24, 1907

Rehearing Denied June 27, 1907.

From Hancock Circuit Court; Eugene H. Bundy, Special Judge.

Prosecution by the City of Greenfield, against Ross A. Cooper. From a judgment of conviction, defendant appeals.

Reversed.

Arthur C. Van Duyn and William A. Hough, for appellant.

William C. Welborn, for appellee.

OPINION

Hadley, J.

The common council of the city of Greenfield passed an ordinance imposing a penalty of $ 100, to be recovered by the city, upon anyone who sold, within the city limits, a less quantity than a quart at a time of intoxicating liquors to be drank upon the premises, the seller not having a license from the city to make such sale. Founded upon this ordinance the city, in September, 1904, commenced this action against defendant, alleging in its complaint that the defendant did violate the ordinance by selling to Oriel C. Wiley, within the corporate limits of the city, one pint of intoxicating liquor, to wit, beer, at and for the price of ten cents, to be drank upon the premises where sold, said defendant not then and there having a license from said city to sell intoxicating liquors to be drank upon the premises where sold within the corporate limits of said city. A demurrer to the complaint was overruled, and the defendant answered that the sale of intoxicating liquor, alleged to have been made by the defendant, was a sale of a less quantity than a quart; that said sale was made in a drug store, and was not made on the written prescription of a reputable practicing physician; that for said sale of liquor the defendant was, at the time of the filing of the plaintiff's complaint, liable to a prosecution and punishment under a statute of the State. A demurrer to the answer was sustained, and, the defendant refusing to plead further, judgment was rendered against him for $ 100 and costs, from which he appeals.

There is but one question in the case, namely: Do the facts set forth in the answer constitute a punishable offense against the State?

In 1881 the legislature passed a law to the effect that whenever any act is made a public offense against the State by any statute, and punishment prescribed therefor, such act shall not be made punishable by an ordinance of any incorporated city or town, and any such ordinance shall be null and void. § 1709 Burns 1901, § 1640 R. S. 1881. Under this statute it is well settled that liability to a prosecution by the State for selling intoxicating liquors in less quantities than a quart, without a license from the State, will not avoid or affect a prosecution by a city or town for such sale without a license from the city or town. Clevenger v. Town of Rushville (1883), 90 Ind. 258; Zeller v. City of Crawfordsville (1883), 90 Ind. 262; Sloan v. State (1847), 8 Blackf. 361. The principle upon which these cases rest is that in regulating the sale of intoxicating liquors, by an exercise of the police power, there is nothing inconsistent or improper in the legislature's bestowing upon incorporated cities and towns authority to take part in the matter of regulating such traffic, provided the municipality shall adopt no regulation in conflict, or incompatible, with the enforcement of the regulations adopted by the General Assembly. 1 Dillon, Mun. Corp. (4th ed.), § 366. See, also, a large number of cases collected in note to McQuillin, Mun. Ordinances, § 16.

The enabling of municipalities to supplement the state laws in localities where the state regulation proves ineffectual tends to give flexibility and efficiency to the general regulation system, and the power to regulate, may, therefore, advantageously coexist in the State and in the incorporated cities and towns. § 3477 Burns 1905, cl. 40, Acts 1905, pp. 219, 246, § 53; Wagner v. Town of Garrett (1889), 118 Ind. 114, 20 N.E. 706; City of Frankfort v. Aughe (1888), 114 Ind. 77, 15 N.E. 802; Rowland v. City of Greencastle (1902), 157 Ind. 591, 62 N.E. 474. So in the cases of Clevenger v. Town of Rushville, supra, and Zeller v. City of Crawfordsville, supra, it is held that there is nothing inherently illegal in the sale of intoxicating liquors in a less quantity than a quart, but the public...