Cremona v. R.S. Bacon Veneer Co., 05-2369.

Citation433 F.3d 617
Decision Date06 January 2006
Docket NumberNo. 05-2369.,05-2369.
PartiesAngelo CREMONA, S.p.A., Appellee, v. R.S. BACON VENEER COMPANY, Appellant.
CourtUnited States Courts of Appeals. United States Court of Appeals (8th Circuit)

William John Miller, argued, Des Moines, IA (Mark L. Tripp, Des Moines, IA, on the brief), for appellant.

Thomas D. Waterman, argued, Davenport, IA (John M. Socolow, White Plains, N.Y., on the brief), for appellee.

Before WOLLMAN, BEAM, and RILEY, Circuit Judges.

RILEY, Circuit Judge.

This is a contract dispute diversity action between R.S. Bacon Veneer Company (Bacon) and Angelo Cremona, S.p.A. (Cremona). Bacon appeals the district court's1 denial of Bacon's motion for summary judgment and the grant of Cremona's motion for summary judgment ordering Bacon to indemnify Cremona for liability deriving from a workplace accident lawsuit involving a machine sold to Bacon by Cremona. We affirm.

I. BACKGROUND

In April 1997, Bacon, a manufacturing company with a wood veneer mill facility in Grundy Center, Iowa, and Cremona, an Italian corporation, entered into a written agreement by which Bacon agreed to purchase a wood veneer drying machine from Cremona and Cremona agreed to deliver and install it. The purchase contract contained the following liability section:

art. 6) MANUFACTURER'S LIABILITY

6.1 The Seller shall deliver to the Buyer the goods in compliance with the laws in force in Italy. The Buyer shall check that the goods comply with the laws of the country of destination and shall properly inform the Seller, in any case prior to shipment of the goods, of any changes to be made; in which case the Seller shall be free to refuse the order or to charge a higher price. It is agreed that whatever liability may derive from the goods, due to events occurring after the passage of risks to the buyer, including any damage to person or to property (even when such property includes parts or accessories of the machine), shall be borne solely by the Buyer, who shall indemnify the Seller and further undertakes to take out adequate insurance against all relative risks without being entitled to make recourse to the Seller. The Buyer henceforth agrees to be cited in any instance of legal proceedings taken against the Seller in pursuance of the liability for herein.

(emphases added). Cremona delivered and installed the machine between late 1997 and early 1998.

In April 2001, Bacon's employee Joshua Edwards (Edwards) severely injured himself while cleaning the machine. Edwards sued Cremona, alleging product liability theories. Cremona then filed a third-party complaint against Bacon, alleging Bacon was obligated to indemnify and insure Cremona based on the purchase contract. All parties subsequently entered into a three-way settlement providing for, inter alia, the survival of Cremona's third-party complaint against Bacon for indemnification and breach of the obligation to obtain insurance.

Bacon and Cremona agreed to submit their dispute via motions for summary judgment. The district court, applying Iowa law in the diversity action, granted Cremona's motion and denied Bacon's, holding the contract language "sufficiently establishes that the intent of the provision was to indemnify Cremona for any liability deriving from the [machine] due to events occurring once risk had passed to Bacon, which would include liability due to negligence on the part of Cremona." The district court did not reach the issue whether Bacon breached the contract by not obtaining insurance.

II. DISCUSSION

We review the district court's grant of summary judgment de novo, applying the same standard as the district court and examining the record in the light most favorable to the nonmoving party. Woodland v. Joseph T. Ryerson & Son, Inc., 302 F.3d 839, 841-42 (8th Cir.2002); Butler v. MFA Life Ins. Co., 591 F.2d 448, 451 (8th Cir.1979). Summary judgment is appropriate if the evidence demonstrates there is no genuine issue as to any material fact and the moving party is entitled to a judgment as a matter of law. Fed.R.Civ.P. 56(c); see Anderson v. Liberty Lobby, Inc., 477 U.S. 242, 247-48, 106 S.Ct. 2505, 91 L.Ed.2d 202 (1986). Because this case involves only questions of law, it is particularly appropriate for summary judgment. Lomar Wholesale Grocery, Inc. v. Dieter's Gourmet Foods, Inc., 824 F.2d 582, 585 (8th Cir.1987).

A. Iowa Law on Interpretation of Indemnification Contracts

Under Iowa law, "[a] contract for indemnification is generally subject to the same rules of formation, validity and construction as other contracts." McNally & Nimergood v. Neumann-Kiewit Constructors, Inc., 648 N.W.2d 564, 571 (Iowa 2002) (citing Evans v. Howard R. Green Co., 231 N.W.2d 907, 916 (Iowa 1975)). In interpreting and construing a contract's indemnity provision, a court must resolve two questions: "(1) for whose negligent acts causing damage is indemnity promised? and (2) what is the scope of the area in which indemnity is available?" Modern Piping, Inc. v. Blackhawk Automatic Sprinklers, Inc., 581 N.W.2d 616, 624 (Iowa 1998), overruled on other grounds by Wesley Retirement Servs., Inc. v. Hansen Lind Meyer, Inc., 594 N.W.2d 22 (Iowa 1999).

Regarding "contracts purporting to provide for indemnity for an indemnitee's own negligence," we see no reason to try to improve on the succinct recitation of how Iowa courts interpret such provisions provided by Chief District Judge Bennett in Cochran v. Gehrke, Inc., 293 F.Supp.2d 986, 994-95 (N.D.Iowa 2003):

Although indemnity contracts are generally subject to the same rules of construction as other contracts, Iowa courts have crafted a special rule of construction for indemnification contracts when, as here, such contracts purport to relieve the indemnitee from liability for its own negligence. This rule provides that indemnification contracts will not be construed to permit an indemnitee to recover for its own negligence unless the intention of the parties is clearly and unambiguously expressed. Thus, indemnification contracts claimed to contain these provisions are construed more strictly than other contracts.

However, ... express language relieving the indemnitee of its own negligence is not required, if the words of the agreement clearly import that intent.... [Iowa courts'] rule of construction does not actually require the contract to specifically mention the indemnitee's negligence or fault as long as this intention is otherwise clearly expressed by other words of the agreement.... In each case, the intent of the parties will control as revealed by the language of the agreement, and we should not impose any special requirement that specific language be used to express that intent. Thus, even broad indemnity language may reveal an intent to indemnify an indemnitee for its own negligence.

(citing McNally & Nimergood, 648 N.W.2d at 571-72; McComas-Lacina Constr. Co. v. Able Constr., 641 N.W.2d 841, 845 (Iowa 2002); Martin & Pitz Assocs., Inc. v. Hudson Constr. Servs., Inc., 602 N.W.2d 805, 809 (Iowa 1999); Herter v. Ringland-Johnson-Crowley Co., 492 N.W.2d 672, 674 (Iowa 1992); Payne Plumbing & Heating Co. v. Bob McKiness Excavating & Grading, Inc., 382 N.W.2d 156, 160 (Iowa 1986)) (internal quotations and alterations omitted).

B. Analysis of the Purchase Contract

Following the Iowa Supreme Court's instruction in Modern Piping, we first ask "for whose negligent acts causing damage is indemnity promised?" Modern Piping, 581 N.W.2d at 624. While the contract never expressly announces liability for negligent acts as a contender for indemnification, we conclude the agreement unambiguously intended the indemnity provision to include liability for damages from either party's negligent acts. Section 6.1 of the contract provides "whatever liability may derive from the goods, due to events occurring after the passage of risks to the buyer, including any damage to person or to property ... shall be borne solely by the...

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