Curiel v. Mingo
Decision Date | 29 June 1979 |
Docket Number | No. 12870,12870 |
Citation | 597 P.2d 26,100 Idaho 303 |
Parties | Olegario G. CURIEL, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. Ronald MINGO, Defendant-Respondent. |
Court | Idaho Supreme Court |
Michael R. Crabtree, Twin Falls, for plaintiff-appellant.
Michael O. Douglas, Duffin, Douglas & Crowley, Burley, for defendant-respondent.
The facts of this case, hereinafter recited, have been formulated from the transcripts on appeal, briefs of counsel, and the findings of fact entered by the trial court, inasmuch as this matter is before the Court upon a limited issue and only a portion of the reporter's transcript of the proceedings below has been provided in this appeal pursuant to I.A.R. 17(f).
It appears that in 1975, the defendant-respondent, Ronald Mingo (hereinafter Mingo), entered into an agreement with Murdock Farms, near Winnemucca, Nevada, to harvest and haul a potato crop grown that year on those farms. In order to implement this contract, Mingo hired the plaintiff-appellant Olegario G. Curiel (hereinafter Curiel) by oral agreement to haul the potatoes from the fields as they were harvested by Mingo. Under this oral agreement Mingo was to make advances and payments on behalf of Curiel and then deduct such advances and payments from the total amount earned by Curiel. At the completion of the contract, Mingo disagreed as to the amount of money payable by Mingo to Curiel for the hauling services he had rendered, and Mingo paid nothing to Curiel. When the parties were unable to resolve these differences, Curiel brought suit against Mingo for an accounting and for payment for services rendered.
Following trial of the matter to the court, the trial court found that under the contract for hauling potatoes for Murdock Farms, sublet by Mingo to Curiel, Curiel earned the sum of $3,725.00 before deductions and offsets. The trial court then found that Mingo had made payments for Curiel totaling $3,875.73 and that Mingo was entitled to offset said amount against the sum earned by Curiel, leaving a deficit owed by Curiel to Mingo. Judgment was then entered in favor of Mingo for the overpayment, from which judgment Curiel has appealed.
During the course of the trial Mingo offered evidence concerning the amount of vehicle fuel consumed by Curiel while hauling potatoes for Mingo. Specifically, Mingo offered Exhibit K, a photocopy of what Mingo claimed was a ledger-sheet listing Curiel's fuel. Throughout, Curiel disputed Mingo's accounting and specifically the amounts of fuel which were shown in Exhibit K to be chargeable to him.
Apparently Mingo received the photocopy of the ledger from Murdock Farms' accountant, who apparently had prepared it from statements given him by the company from which Mingo's drivers obtained their fuel. Mingo then incorporated this photocopy of the ledger into his own business records and used it as the basis for computing the amount to be set off against the money he owed Curiel for the hauling services. The appellant represents that the amount of money earned by Mingo's drivers was based upon the weight of potatoes hauled, at a fixed rate per hundredweight. From these gross earnings Mingo deducted fuel and other charges incurred by the drivers during hauling.
When Exhibit K was offered into evidence, Curiel objected on hearsay grounds. The objection was overruled, and the exhibit was admitted. After Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law were entered, Curiel made a Motion to Amend Findings and Conclusions, at which time he renewed his argument against the admission of Exhibit K into evidence. The motion was denied and Curiel appeals, assigning as error the admission into evidence of Exhibit K.
Appellant argues that Exhibit K did not qualify for admission into evidence under the Business Records as Evidence Act, I.C. § 9-414, and that Exhibit K, a photocopy reproduction of a writing, was not qualified under I.C. § 9-417 and § 9-411 for admission into evidence.
The pertinent section of the Idaho Uniform Business Records as Evidence Act provides as follows:
"A record of an act, condition or event, shall, insofar as relevant, be competent evidence if the custodian or other qualified witness testifies to the identity and the mode of its preparation, and if it was made in the regular course of business, at or near the time of the act, condition or event, and if, in the opinion of the court, the sources of information, method and time of preparation were such as to justify its admission." I.C. § 9-414.
Shortly after the adoption of I.C. § 9-414, this Court noted that by enactment of the Business Records as Evidence Act the legislature intended to broaden the scope of admissibility into evidence of records made in the regular course of business. Henderson v. Allis Chalmers, 65 Idaho 570, 581, 149 P.2d 133, 139 (1944). See also State v. Baldwin, 69 Idaho 459, 208 P.2d 161 (1949); In re Potlatch Forests, 72 Idaho 291, 240 P.2d 242 (1952); John Scowcroft & Sons Co. v. Roselle, 77 Idaho 142, 289 P.2d 621 (1955); Kelson v. Ahlborn, 87 Idaho 519, 393 P.2d 578 (1964); Daniel v. Moss, 93 Idaho 612, 469 P.2d 50 (1970).
It has been noted that necessity and trustworthiness are the fundamental justifications underlying the admissibility of hearsay evidence as an exception to the general rule against the admissibility of such evidence. Bell, Handbook of Evidence for the Idaho Lawyer, 2d Ed. p. 130. The Business Records as Evidence Act sets forth the statutory requirements for the necessity and trustworthiness of such proffered evidence. In Kelson v. Ahlborn, supra, this Court quoted with approval the following from a New Jersey case:
(Mahoney v. Minsky, 39 N.J. 208) 188 A.2d (161) at 166. 87 Idaho at 529, 530, 393 P.2d at 584.
The Arizona Court has held that the trial judge clearly has wide discretion with regard to admissions in evidence under the Business Records Act. Shore Line Properties, Inc. v. Deer-O-Paints & Chem. Ltd., 24 Ariz.App. 331, 538 P.2d 760 (1975). In Richmond v. Frederick, the California Court held that:
Richmond v. Frederick, 116 Cal.App.2d 541, 253 P.2d 977, 982-983 (1953).
In ruling on a close question regarding the propriety of admitting a federal estate tax return under I.C. § 9-414, we held:
Daniel v. Moss, 93 Idaho 612, 613-614, 469 P.2d 50, 51-52 (1970).
Here, at the time Mingo offered Exhibit K in evidence, Curiel did not object upon the ground that, as a photocopy, foundation for its admissibility was not made pursuant to I.C. § 9-411 and I.C. § 9-417. This point was apparently first raised by the appellant at the hearing on his Motion to Amend the Findings. To gauge the exercise of discretion of the trial court in admitting Exhibit K in evidence, we look to the rationale therefor, articulated by the Court during the hearing of appellant's Motion to Amend Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law. There the trial court stated:
It is clear the trial court was satisfied with the foundation laid for the necessity and trustworthiness of Exhibit K and its admission in evidence. Given the wide discretion allowed to the trial court and the substantial although conflicting evidence upon which Exhibit K was admitted, we are not persuaded that the trial court clearly abused its discretion in admitting the exhibit into evidence.
The judgment in favor of the respondent is therefor affirmed.
No attorney fees are allowed, costs to respondent.
The Court properly notes that the legislative purpose behind § 9-414 I.C. was to broaden the scope of admissibility...
To continue reading
Request your trial-
Cheney v. Palos Verdes Inv. Corp.
...be overturned absent the clear showing of abuse. Jensen v. Seigel Mobile Homes, 104 Idaho ---, --- P.2d ---- (1983); Curiel v. Mingo, 100 Idaho 303, 597 P.2d 26 (1979); Daniel v. Moss, 93 Idaho 612, 469 P.2d 50 (1970). I.C. § 9-414 codifies the business record exception to the hearsay rule,......
-
Eliasen's Estate, Matter of
...absent an abuse of discretion. Jensen v. Seigel Mobile Homes Group, 105 Idaho 189, 668 P.2d 65 (February 24, 1983); Curiel v. Mingo, 100 Idaho 303, 597 P.2d 26 (1979). As the rule applies to statements of persons since deceased, see Silver Syndicate, Inc. v. Sunshine Mining Co., 101 Idaho 2......
-
Beco Corp. v. Roberts & Sons Const. Co., Inc.
...Rule of Evidence 803(6) is consistent with former I.C. § 9-414 which prior cases had held must be broadly construed. Curiel v. Mingo, 100 Idaho 303, 597 P.2d 26 (1979). Thus, in doubtful or close cases, the evidence should come Doyle Beck testified that the Exhibit was a summation produced ......
-
Herrick v. Leuzinger
...reliability because persons engaged in business inherently have incentives to keep accurate and truthful records. Curiel v. Mingo, 100 Idaho 303, 305, 597 P.2d 26, 28 (1979); Christensen v. Rice, 114 Idaho 929, 933-34, 763 P.2d 302, 306-07 (Ct.App.1988); 2 Kenneth S. Broun et al. McCORMICK ......