Daiquiri's III on Bourbon, Ltd. v. Wandfluh

• Decision Date: 27 October 1992
• Docket Number: No. 92-CA-446,92-CA-446
• Citation: 608 So.2d 222
• Parties: DAIQUIRI'S III ON BOURBON, LTD. d/b/a Daiquiris v. Charles C. WANDFLUH and Daiquiri Delights Shop, Inc.
• Court: Court of Appeal of Louisiana — District of US

Page 222

608 So.2d 222

DAIQUIRI'S III ON BOURBON, LTD. d/b/a Daiquiris v. Charles C. WANDFLUH and Daiquiri Delights Shop, Inc.

No. 92-CA-446.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana Fifth Circuit.

Oct. 27, 1992.

Writ Denied Jan. 8, 1993.

Clement F. Perschall, Jr., Metairie, for plaintiff-appellant Daiquiri's III on Bourbon, Ltd., d/b/a Daiquiris.

J. Forrest Hinton, T. Christopher Seay, McGlinchey, Stafford, Cellini, & Lang, P.C., New Orleans, for defendants-appellees Charles C. Wandfluh and Daiquiri Delights Shop, Inc.

Before KLIEBERT, C.J., and DUFRESNE and WICKER, JJ.

KLIEBERT, Chief Judge.

This matter is before us on an appeal taken by the plaintiff from a judgment of the trial court which sustained an exception of no cause of action filed by defendants.

The petition against the defendants, Charles C. Wandfluh and Daiquiri Delight Shop, Inc., is one for damages and an injunction restraining the latter from operating a business the same as or similar to that of the petitioner within the Parish of Orleans for a period of two years from June 13, 1991.

Specifically, it is alleged in its suit that: (1) petitioner is engaged in a business at 633 Bourbon Street in the City of New Orleans, which consists primarily of the sale of frozen alcoholic daiquiris and frozen non-alcoholic daiquiris, (2) the defendant Wandfluh was in petitioner's employ from August 1990 until June 1991, (3) that in connection with his employment Wandfluh signed an agreement containing a covenant not to compete, and (4) Wandfluh's association with Daiquiris Delight Shop, Inc. is in violation of the agreement, signed by Wandfluh, by virtue of the operation of a place of business at 300 Bourbon Street in the City of New Orleans. The agreement was attached to and made a part of the petition.

The sole issue presented by the appeal is the correctness of the trial judge's ruling that the covenant-not-to-compete agreement was unenforceable because it did not meet the requirements of LSA-R.S. 23:921(C) in that it contained no territorial limitation and contained an overly broad definition of the employer's business.

The agreement upon which the action is based reads in its entirety as follows:

"AGREEMENT

THIS AGREEMENT, MADE BETWEEN CHARLES WANDFLUH HEREINAFTER CALLED EMPLOYER AND DAIQUIRIS HEREINAFTER CALLED EMPLOYEE.

THE PARTIES HERETO AGREE THAT EMPLOYEE SHALL PERFORM CERTAIN SERVICES AT THE DIRECTION OF EMPLOYER ON THE BASIS OF $4.00 PER HOUR; THIS AMOUNT SHALL BE PAYABLE WEEKLY OR BIWEEKLY AT THE DISCRETION OF THE EMPLOYER.

ADDITIONALLY, THE PARTIES AGREE THAT EMPLOYEE SHALL REMAIN RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY NEGLIGENCE WHICH PRODUCES DAMAGES TO THE OPERATION OF EMPLOYER'S BUSINESS OR CUSTOMERS OF EMPLOYER.

EMPLOYEE AGREES THAT HE SHALL NOT, DURING ANY PERIOD OF TIME THAT HE PERFORMS SERVICES FOR EMPLOYER OR FOR A PERIOD OF TWO YEARS THEREAFTER DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY ENGAGE AT ANY OTHER PLACE OF BUSINESS WHICH IS THE SAME OR SUBSTANTIALLY SIMILAR TO THE BUSINESS COVERED BY THIS AGREEMENT.

FOR PURPOSES OF THIS AGREEMENT THE BUSINESS OF EMPLOYER IS DEEMED TO BE THE SALE OF FROZEN DRINKS FOR CONSUMPTION BY THE GENERAL PUBLIC.

EMPLOYEE SHALL NOT, DURING THE TERM OF THIS AGREEMENT OR FOR A PERIOD OF TWO YEARS THEREAFTER, COMMUNICATE OR DIVULGE TO OR USE FOR THE BENEFIT OF ANY OTHER PERSON, PARTNERSHIP, ASSOCIATION OR CORPORATION ANY INFORMATION OR KNOWLEDGE CONCERNING THE METHODS OF MANUFACTURE, PROMOTION, SALE, OR DISTRIBUTION OR ANY OTHER TRADE SECRET OR PROCESS OF THE BUSINESS OF THE EMPLOYER OR USED OR EMPLOYED BY EMPLOYER IN AND ABOUT ITS BUSINESS WHICH MAY BE COMMUNICATED TO THE EMPLOYEE OR WHICH EMPLOYEE MAY ACQUIRE BY VIRTUE OF HIS PERFORMANCE UNDER THE TERMS OF THIS AGREEMENT.

EMPLOYEE FURTHER AGREES THAT ANY INVENTION, NEW RECIPE, PROCESS, OR ANY OTHER MATTER WHICH HE, EITHER INDIVIDUALLY OR IN CONJUNCTION WITH ANY OTHER EMPLOYEES SHALL INVENT OR PRODUCE DURING THE TERM OF EMPLOYMENT, SHALL REMAIN THE PROPERTY OF EMPLOYER AND EMPLOYEE HEREBY ASSIGNS ALL OF HIS RIGHT, TITLE AND INTEREST IN AND TO ANY INVENTION PROCESS, OR ANY SIMILAR MATTER TO EMPLOYER.

THE USE OF THE MASCULINE SHALL BE READ TO INCLUDE BOTH THE MASCULINE AND THE FEMININE GENDER.

EXECUTED THIS 18 DAY OF AUGUST, 1990."

(Emphasis Supplied)

LSA-R.S. 23:921 provides in pertinent part as follows:

"A. Every contract or agreement, or provision thereof, by which anyone is restrained from exercising a lawful profession, trade, or business of any kind, except as provided in this Section, shall be null and void. (Emphasis Supplied)

* * * * * *

C. Any person, including a corporation and the individual shareholders of such corporation, who is employed as an agent, servant, or employee may agree with his employer to refrain from carrying on or engaging in a business similar to that of the employer and/or from soliciting customers of the employer within a specified parish or...