Derksen v. Comm'r of Internal Revenue
| Decision Date | 07 March 1985 |
| Docket Number | Docket No. 35096-84. |
| Parties | ROY C. DERKSEN, Petitioner v. COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondent |
| Court | U.S. Tax Court |
OPINION TEXT STARTS HERE
RULES 30 AND 41(a), TAX COURT RULES OF PRACTICE AND PROCEDURE.—Respondent filed a motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim; subsequently petitioner sought leave to file an amended petition. HELD, leave to file amended petition is not necessary where no responsive pleading has been filed; motion to dismiss is not a responsive pleading. Rules 41(a) and 30, Tax Court Rules of Practice and Procedure. Amended petition relates back to time of filing original petition and will be considered in light of the motion to dismiss. Amended petition fails to state a claim upon which relief can be granted and is dismissed. Damages are awarded to the United States under sec. 6673, I.R.C. 1954. Mark D. Petersen, for the respondent.
Roy C. Derksen, pro se.
This case was assigned to Special Trial Judge Helen A. Buckley pursuant to the provisions of section 7456(d) and Rule 180. 1 The Court agrees with and adopts her opinion which is set forth below.
This case is before the Court on respondent's motion pursuant to Rule 40 to dismiss for failure to state a claim upon which relief can be granted. Additionally, we consider petitioner's motion for leave to file an amended petition.
Petitioner resided in Brandon, Wisconsin, at the time the petition was filed.
Respondent determined deficiencies in petitioner's Federal income taxes, self-employment taxes, and additions to tax as follows:
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
¦ ¦ ¦Self-employment¦Additions to tax ¦
+----+----------+---------------+-----------------------------------¦
¦Year¦Income Tax¦tax ¦Sec. 6651(a)¦Sec. 6653(a)¦Sec. 6654¦
+----+----------+---------------+------------+------------+---------¦
¦1980¦$5,815 ¦$1,833 ¦$1,912 ¦$382 ¦$488 ¦
+----+----------+---------------+------------+------------+---------¦
¦1981¦6,462 ¦2,259 ¦2,180 ¦2 436 ¦669 ¦
+----+----------+---------------+------------+------------+---------¦
¦1982¦6,444 ¦2,384 ¦2,207 ¦3 441 ¦860 ¦
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
The determination was based upon unreported taxable income from self-employment for the three years under consideration in the amounts of $21,634, $23,287 and $24,501. Respondent also determined for all the years in question that petitioner failed to file returns; that the underpayments of taxes were due to petitioner's negligence or intentional disregard of rules or regulations; and that petitioner failed to pay estimated income taxes.
Petitioner filed voluminous documents with this Court as his response to the deficiency notice. These were treated as his petition. His petition, consisting of about 90 pages of mimeographed material is generally incomprehensible, but it is possible to discern that petitioner makes the following contentions:
1. There is no jurisdiction of this Court over petitioner.
2. Petitioner is immune from taxes.
3. Petitioner is not required to set forth his grounds supporting his position.
4. Petitioner has never submitted to or become subject to the jurisdiction of Congress or the Internal Revenue Service in any matter related to or authorizing Federal taxes.
5. Petitioner has not volunteered to file a return or provide information and is not required to do so.
6. The Sixteenth Amendment to the Constitution is only applicable to corporations and quasi-corporate entities.
7. Petitioner is not a taxpayer.
8. Petitioner does not intend to have a social security number or to collect social security benefits, and he resigns from social security programs.
We take judicial notice that we have previously received in other cases documents substantially similar to that filed herein. Petitioner failed to raise any justiciable issues of law or fact. This petition, therefore, fails to state a claim upon which relief can be granted. Rowlee v. Commissioner, 80 T.C. 1111 (1983). We will not expend the resources and energy of this court to respond to each and every frivolous allegation of petitioner, as we have treated them time and time again in regard to other tax protestors. It is enough to state that they are completely without merit. McCoy v. Commissioner, 76 T.C. 1027, 1029-1030 (1981), affd. 696 F.2d 1234 (9th Cir. 1983).
After the filing of respondent's motion to dismiss, petitioner forwarded to this Court documents entitled ‘Amended Petition,‘ ‘Motion for Leave to File Amended Petition,‘ as well as one entitled ‘Objection to Motion to Dismiss for Failing to State a Claim.‘ The objection states only ‘Respondent received an affidavit with the original Petition stating that Petitioner had no income for the years involved.‘ 4
We first deal with petitioner's motion for leave to file an amended petition. We grant that motion, although in our view it is not necessary to do so since petitioner has a right under our Rules to file the amended petition without seeking leave of the Court. Rule 41(a) provides that ‘A party may amend his pleading once as a matter of course at any time before a responsive pleading is served.‘ Petitioner has not heretofore filed an amended petition. Further, respondent's motion to dismiss does not represent a responsive pleading. Rule 30. Rule 41(a) clearly states that under these circumstances, petitioner has a right to file his amended pleading, even without leave of this Court. 5 Our Rule 41(a) is derived to a substantial extent from Rule 15(a), Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (Notes to Rule 41(a), 60 T.C. 1059, at 1089) and is intended to reflect a liberal attitude in favor of pleading amendments. Many cases in which the right to file an amended complaint under the Federal Rules was considered have held that a motion to dismiss is not a responsive pleading within the meaning of Rule 15 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. See Barksdale v. King, 699 F.2d 744 (5th Cir. 1983); Thomas v. Pate, 493 F.2d 151, 162 (7th Cir. 1974), cert. denied 419 U.S. 879 (1974); Fuhrer v. Fuhrer, 292 F.2d 140, 142 (7th Cir. 1961); 6 Peterson Steels v. Seidmon, 188 F.2d 193 (7th Cir. 1951). These cases provide firm support for our holding in this regard. Thus, leave is granted to file the amended petition. 7
Having determined that the amended petition should be filed, we next turn our consideration to the impact of petitioner's amended petition on respondent's motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim. One possibility would be to deny respondent's motion as moot since it was filed in relation to the original petition. To do so under the circumstances of this case would be to exalt form over substance. Our Rules provide that they shall be construed to secure the just, speedy, and inexpensive determination of every case. Rule 1(b). See, e.g., Hicks Nurseries v. Commissioner, 62 T.C. 138 (1974). In order to meet the Rules' requirement of a speedy, just and inexpensive determination in this matter, we will consider the motion to dismiss in regard to the amended petition.
We have, in the past, considered motions to dismiss, filed prior to the filing of an amended petition, in light of the facts alleged in the amended petition. Thus, in Estate of Peterson v. Commissioner, 45 T.C. 497 (1966), respondent filed a motion to dismiss for lack of jurisdiction in regard to an estate under then Rules 6 and 7 on the ground that no fiduciary or personal representative of the estate had authorized the bringing of the suit on behalf of the estate. Subsequent to respondent's motion, a temporary administratrix was appointed and leave to file an amended petition was granted. We then considered respondent's motion to dismiss in relation to the amended petition and denied it. There have been similar holdings under the Federal Rules. See Barksdale v. King, supra, where a motion to dismiss for failure to state a claim filed prior to the filing of an amended complaint was denied not because it was moot, but because the amended complaint in fact did state a claim. See also Peterson Steels v. Seidmon, supra, where the Seventh Circuit, in reversing the district court's denial of leave to file an amended complaint, concluded that the amended complaint did state a cause of action and remanded the action.
Since the amended petition is subject to the same scrutiny to ascertain whether it states a claim as the original petition, and since it relates back to the time of filing the original, Rule 41(d), 8 we consider the motion to dismiss, based on the authority of the foregoing cases, in relation to the amended petition. We have found that the original petition fails to state a claim upon which relief can be accorded. We find the amended petition similarly lacking.
The amended petition states, as to all three years at issue, that respondent has erroneously and wrongfully included in gross income the sums set forth in the deficiency determination, and has erroneously and wrongfully determined the various additions to tax. It goes on to state that petitioner is ‘an unenfranchise (sic) free man at Common Law,‘ not a ‘juristic person in equity,‘ that petitioner has no obligations under the Internal Revenue Code for the years in question, that the notice of deficiency gives the wrong filing status for petitioner, that petitioner did not self-assess himself so no deficiency can exist, that respondent has no evidence that petitioner shelled corn as alleged in the notice and even if he did, it would have been an equal exchange of service for compensation and no profit or gain would have accrued to petitioner.
The amended petition does not contain any allegations whatsoever as to the receipt of unreported income from corn shelling,...
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