Dugas v. Adoption of Dugas

• Decision Date: 03 February 1993
• Docket Number: No. 91-1401,91-1401
• Citation: 614 So.2d 228
• Parties: Gertie Bonin DUGAS, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. ADOPTION OF Scotty Jude DUGAS, Defendants-Appellees.
• Court: Court of Appeal of Louisiana — District of US

Page 228

614 So.2d 228

Gertie Bonin DUGAS, Plaintiff-Appellant, v. ADOPTION OF Scotty Jude DUGAS, Defendants-Appellees.

No. 91-1401.

Court of Appeal of Louisiana, Third Circuit.

Feb. 3, 1993.

Keith Comeaux, New Iberia, for plaintiff-appellant.

Harris & Racca, Michael A. Harris, Breaux Bridge, for defendants-appellees.

Before LABORDE, THIBODEAUX and WOODARD, JJ.

WOODARD, Judge.

The issues on appeal in this case are (1) whether the provisions of La.R.S. 9:422.7 were properly complied with, (2) whether Gertie Dugas lacked capacity to sign the Act of Voluntary Surrender as natural tutrix and, (3) whether consent for adoption was obtained through misrepresentation or fraud.

On October 12, 1989, Gertie Bonin Dugas signed a Voluntary Act of Surrender before a practicing attorney. On the same date, Gertie Bonin Dugas applied to be named tutrix of the minor child, being the maternal grandmother of this illegitimate child, Scotty Jude Dugas, born March 13, 1982. Mrs. Dugas' daughter was the natural mother of this child, but died on November 6, 1988. Scotty Jude Dugas lived with Mrs. Dugas until the Act of Surrender was signed. Mrs. Dugas was confirmed as tutrix by the Court on October 26, 1989.

John Leroy Zeising and Barbara Potier Zeising applied for adoption of the child on October 26, 1989. An Interlocutory Decree was filed on December 11, 1989. The Department of Public Welfare issued the necessary report in support of the final decree.

A hearing on the Final Decree was held on June 13, 1991. Objections were raised and heard regarding the final decree, but a Judgment of Final Decree was entered on the same date. It is from this Judgment that Gertie Bonin Dugas timely appeals.

LAW

The first issue this court will address is whether the provisions of La.R.S. 9:422.7 were followed as required.

La.R.S. 9:422.7 provides:

A. The authentic act of voluntary surrender shall not be signed or executed earlier than the fifth day following the date of the birth of the child to be surrendered. In counting the five day period, the date of birth shall not be included and the days shall be consecutive calendar days, including weekends and holidays. The surrendering parent or parents, and his, her, or their legal representative, if applicable, or the child's tutor, as provided in R.S. 9:422.3(A), shall be represented at the execution of the act by an attorney at law licensed to practice law in Louisiana; provided, however, the attorney representing such person or persons shall not be the attorney who represents the person or persons who are the prospective adoptive parents, or an attorney who is a partner or employee of the attorney or law firm representing the prospective adoptive parents.

B. The attorney for the surrendering parent or parents, or their legal representatives, if applicable, and the attorney representing the adoptive parent or parents who wish to remain anonymous, shall sign the act of surrender in the manner prescribed in R.S. 9:422.6. (emphasis added)

Plaintiff contends that Michael A. Harris was the attorney who represented Defendants in the matter entitled "In Re: John Leroy Zeising and his wife, Barbara Potier Zeising, Applying for the Adoption of Scotty Jude Dugas," Docket No. 47,370 of the records of St. Martin Parish, Louisiana. Additionally, plaintiff contends that Mr. Harris was also the attorney for Plaintiff who is the petitioner in the matter entitled, "Tutorship of Scotty Jude Dugas," Docket No. 10590, St. Martin Parish. Plaintiff asserts that this is in direct contravention of R.S. 9:422.7, which states that the attorney representing the child's tutor shall not be the attorney who represents prospective adoptive parents.

The Defendants contend that this statute speaks exclusively about the Act of Surrender and not collateral proceedings, and that the tutorship proceedings were opened on behalf of the Defendants in order to affirm the surrender.

The statute states that at the execution of the Act of Surrender the child's tutor shall be represented by an attorney, provided the attorney does not represent both the tutor and the prospective adoptive parents.

In the case sub judice, the record shows that Mrs. Zeising picked up Mrs. Dugas on October 12, 1989 and took her to the office of Judge Soileau who was to represent her in executing the Act of Surrender. Judge Soileau informed her of what the Act of Surrender was. The record further shows that after they left Judge Soileau's office, they went to Michael Harris's office. He was representing the Zeisings in the adoption matter. From the record, we find that Mrs. Dugas and the Zeisings were not represented by the same attorney during the execution of the Act of Surrender. Therefore, because the statute refers to the execution of the Act of Surrender and not collateral matters, we find this assignment of error without merit.

CAPACITY

In the next issue plaintiff contends that she lacked capacity to execute the Act of Surrender and therefore the act is invalid and the final act of adoption should not have been granted.

The record shows that on October 12, 1989, Plaintiff executed the Act of Surrender as the child's natural tutrix. The actual order appointing plaintiff as the child's natural tutrix was not signed until October 26, 1989, which was 14 days after she signed the Act. Thus, she did not possess legal capacity to execute the Act of Surrender at the time she did so.

Under La.C.C. Art. 1919, a contract made without legal capacity is a relative nullity. A relatively null contract may be confirmed. La.C.C. Art. 2031. The trial court found that Mrs. Dugas acquiesced to the signing of the document by not invalidating the document after she was appointed tutrix. In fact, Mrs. Dugas did not raise any objections to the adoption proceedings until March 11, 1991 which was one and one-half years after she first signed the Act of Surrender and some thirteen months after the Interlocutory Decree was granted. La.R.S. 9:422.10A gives the child's tutor only thirty (30) days from the execution of the Act of Surrender to oppose the Act. Further, under La.C.C. art. 1842 tacit confirmation may result from voluntary performance of the obligation. Thus, failing to object within this thirty (30) day time period and allowing the Interlocutory Decree to be entered without objection appears to be tantamount to a tacit confirmation regarding the Act of Surrender. We therefore agree with the trial court on the issue of capacity.

CONSENT

The last issue this court will address is whether the consent given was obtained through misrepresentation or fraud.

Gertie Dugas took custody and control of her grandson, Scotty, after his mother died in 1988. The child was six (6) years old at the time. The record reveals that Mrs. Dugas was approached by her son to consider giving Scotty up for adoption because she was getting up in age. The Zeisings were...