Dyce v. Salaried Employees' Pension Plan of Allied Corp.
| Decision Date | 01 March 1994 |
| Docket Number | No. 92-2635,92-2635 |
| Citation | 15 F.3d 163 |
| Parties | -1327, 17 Employee Benefits Cas. 2357 John W. DYCE, Eldridge Cobb, Art I. Dumond, Dennis L. Ellingson, Paul A. Green, James R. Himes, Charles P. Lynch, Jack G. Maltese, David E. Merritt, George F. Mulkins, Ernest Riesen, Edwin R. Waters, William Wright, Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. SALARIED EMPLOYEES' PENSION PLAN OF ALLIED CORPORATION, Defendant-Appellee. |
| Court | U.S. Court of Appeals — Eleventh Circuit |
John Finlay MacLennan, Smith, Hulsey & Busey, Jacksonville, FL, for plaintiffs-appellants.
John Firth Dickinson, Corbin, Dickinson, Duvall & Margulies, Jacksonville, FL, for defendant-appellee.
Appeal from the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida.
Before COX, Circuit Judge, MORGAN and HENDERSON, Senior Circuit Judges.
Appellants brought this action pursuant to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, 29 U.S.C. Sec. 1001, et seq. ("ERISA") after Appellants applied for and were denied immediate early retirement benefits. Appellants contend that the sale of their employer to a separate entity terminated their employment for purposes of early retirement benefits, even though they continued to work for the new entity. Appellants argue further that an amendment to the pension plan that bases eligibility for retirement benefits on termination from the new employer could not be retroactively applied. The district court entered summary judgment in favor of the plan sponsor. We AFFIRM.
The appellants were employed until January 6, 1989, by Ignition Products Corporation ("Ignition Products"), which at that time was a wholly owned subsidiary of Allied-Signal Incorporated ("Allied"). As of January 6, 1989, all appellants were participants in the Salaried Employees' Pension Plan of Allied Corporation ("Plan"), which is a defined benefit plan within the meaning of Sec. 3(35) of ERISA, 29 U.S.C. Sec. 1002(35). On January 6, 1989, Ignition Products was merged into Unison Industries Limited Partnership ("Unison") and Allied transferred all of its shares in Ignition Products to Unison. 1 All of the appellants who were employed with Ignition Products prior to January 6 continued their employment without interruption at Unison after January 6.
The Plan in effect as of January 6, 1989, allowed reduced pension benefits for participants who took early retirement as provided in Article IV, Sec. 1:
(c) each person who is a Participant may elect to retire on or after age 55 but prior to Normal Retirement Date, and if such person either has at least ten years of Eligibility Service or at least five years of Service ... the person shall become entitled to a Pension hereunder....
(d) each person who is a Participant may elect to retire at any time after which the sum of age and Service first equals or exceeds 80, and shall become entitled to a Pension hereunder....
Pursuant to the merger agreement between Allied and Unison, Allied retained liability under the Plan for benefits of Ignition Products employees not eligible to retire or not already retired as of January 6, 1989. Allied purchased a group annuity contract to cover their liability and assigned it to Unison. The merger agreement also provided that employees eligible to retire as of the date of the merger but who continued their employment with Unison would be eligible for Plan benefits as of the date they terminated their employment with Unison.
In order to effectuate the intentions of the parties as expressed in the merger agreement, Allied amended Schedule B of the Plan, effective January 6, 1989, through formal action taken on August 9, 1989. Specifically, Section 23 was added to Schedule B, entitled "Divestiture of Ignition Products", which provided:
Those participants who are eligible at the divestiture date for retirement under Article IV, Sec. 1(c) or Sec. 1(d) ..., but who do not elect prior to the divestiture date to elect retirement under such sections, will, upon their termination of employment with Unison, be entitled to payment of retirement benefits ...
The amendment also allowed "bridging" of eligibility for those participants who were within two years of eligibility for retirement under Article IV, Sec. 1(c), or within three years of eligibility for retirement under Article IV, Sec. 1(d).
After January 7, 1989, all of the appellants applied for immediate payment of early retirement benefits, which were denied by the Plan administrator. 2 The sole basis for denying the appellants' claims for benefits was the language of the Sec. 23 amendment to the Plan, making participants ineligible for immediate payment of early retirement benefits as long as they were employed by Unison.
After exhausting the claims review procedure provided for in the Plan, the appellants filed the instant action. The district court granted summary judgment in favor of the Plan and this appeal followed.
Our review of the district court's grant of summary judgment is plenary. With respect to the Plan's denial of pension benefits, we apply an arbitrary and capricious standard of review. Firestone Tire and Rubber Co. v. Bruch, 489 U.S. 101, 115, 109 S.Ct. 948, 956, 103 L.Ed.2d 80 (1989).
The appellants contend that the amendment to the pension plan, formerly adopted in August of 1989, cannot be applied retroactively so as to deny benefits to appellants who were retired from the Plan as of January 6, 1989. Relying on the Plan's definition of retirement, 3 the appellants argue that the merger terminated their employment with Allied, and therefore they were technically "retired" for purposes of the Plan. Since they were no longer employed by Allied or an affiliated company, the appellants contend that they were entitled to immediate early retirement benefits. Further, the appellants assert that it was arbitrary and capricious to deny appellants' claims based upon a condition not set forth in the Plan at the time of retirement. Initially, we will address whether it was proper for the Plan administrator to retroactively apply the Sec. 23 amendment to appellants' applications for pension benefits. If it was proper to apply the amendment retroactively, then we cannot say that the denial of benefits was arbitrary and capricious.
The appellants contend that the Sec. 23 amendment, which requires termination of employment with Unison in order to qualify for retirement benefits, may not be applied retroactively if the effect is to deprive participants of benefits to which they would otherwise be entitled. The appellants argue that the Plan, as it existed at the time of the merger, is controlling on their applications for early retirement benefits. The appellants contend that denial of their claims based on a standard that was not contained in the terms of the Plan amounts to an arbitrary and capricious decision. See Blau v. Del Monte Corporation, 748 F.2d 1348 (9th Cir.1984).
ERISA mandates that employee benefit plans subject to its requirements be administered "in accordance with the documents and instruments governing the plan." ERISA Sec. 404(a)(1)(D), 29 U.S.C. Sec. 1104(a)(1)(D). However, both ERISA and the implementing regulations provide rules governing how amendments are to be made and what notice must be given. In fact, the regulations interpreting ERISA specifically provide that a modification or amendment to a pension plan may be retroactively applied:
The plan administrator shall furnish this summary ... not later than 210 days after the close of the plan year in which the modification or change was adopted. This disclosure date is not affected by retroactive application to a prior plan year of an amendment which...
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