EI DuPont De Nemours and Co. v. Monsanto Co.

Decision Date18 August 1995
Docket Number93-263(LON).,Civ. A. No. 92-625(LON)
Citation903 F. Supp. 680
PartiesE.I. DUPONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY, Plaintiff, v. MONSANTO COMPANY, Defendant. BASF CORPORATION, Plaintiff, v. E.I. DUPONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY, Defendant.
CourtU.S. District Court — District of Delaware
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Jack B. Blumenfeld, of Morris, Nichols, Arsht & Tunnell, Wilmington, Delaware.

Richard Allen Paul, James A. Forstner, and Erin Kelly, of E.I. DuPont De Nemours & Company Incorporated, Wilmington, Delaware; Of Counsel: Stephen R. Smith, Christopher K. Hu, Michael P. Dougherty, Arnold I. Rady, John W. Osborne, Barry Schindler, John T. Gallagher, and Jean E. Shimotake, of Morgan & Finnegan, New York City; for E.I. DuPont De Nemours and Company Incorporated.

Josy W. Ingersoll, and Martin S. Lessner, of Young, Conaway, Stargatt & Taylor, Wilmington, Delaware; Of Counsel: Richard L. Mayer, Robert T. Tobin, Richard L. DeLucia, Richard S. Gresalfi, Michael D. Loughnane, Paul Richter, Donna Praiss, Lynne Darcy, of Kenyon & Kenyon, New York City; for BASF Corporation.

William J. Marsden, Jr., Joanne Ceballos, of Potter Anderson & Corroon, Wilmington, Delaware.

Steven J. Balick, of Ashby & Geddes, Wilmington, Delaware; Of Counsel: John F. Lynch, Susan K. Knoll, John C. Cain, and Michael E. Lee, of Arnold White & Durkee; Mark F. Wachter, John P. Foryt, of Monsanto Company; for Monsanto Company.

                                              TABLE OF CONTENTS
                                                                                      Page
                 I. NATURE AND STAGE OF THE PROCEEDINGS ..............................688
                 II. THE BURLONE PHASE ...............................................688
                     A. Technological Background .....................................688
                        1. Nylon Carpet Fibers .......................................689
                        2. Solution Dyed Nylon Fibers ................................689
                        3. Catdye Nylon ..............................................689
                     B. The Burlone Patent ...........................................690
                     C. Arguments of the Parties .....................................691
                        1. Infringement ..............................................691
                        2. Invalidity ................................................692
                     D. Analysis .....................................................692
                
                                                                                                           Page
                        1. Infringement ....................................................................692
                           a. Claim Construction ...........................................................693
                              1) Claim Construction â   The Claim Language .............................693
                              2) Claim Construction â   The Specification ..............................699
                              3) Claim Construction â   The Prosecution History ........................701
                              4) Claim Construction â   Conclusion .....................................703
                           b. Application of Claim 5 to LUMENA .............................................703
                              1) The Preamble ..............................................................703
                              2) Claim 1, Paragraph (A) ....................................................704
                              3) Claim 1, Subpart (A)(4) ...................................................707
                              4) Claim 1, Subpart (A)(5) ...................................................708
                              5) Conclusion â   Infringement ...........................................708
                        2. Invalidity ......................................................................708
                           a. DuPont's Assertion of Invalidity Based Upon Anticipation .....................709
                              1) Anticipation by Prior Art Blends of Sulfonated Nylon and Ti02
                                  Pigment ..................................................................709
                              2) Anticipation by Prior Art United States Patent Number 3,849,377 ...........711
                           b. DuPont's Assertion of Invalidity Based Upon Obviousness ......................713
                           c. DuPont's Assertion of Invalidity Based Upon Failure to Comply
                               with the Best Mode Requirement of 35 U.S.C. § 112 ......................714
                           d. Conclusion â   Invalidity ................................................719
                     E. Attorneys' Fees ....................................................................719
                III. THE ANTON PHASE .......................................................................719
                     A. Technological Background ...........................................................719
                     B. The Anton Patent ...................................................................719
                     C. Arguments of the Parties ...........................................................720
                        1. Infringement ....................................................................720
                           a. Direct Infringement by Monsanto ..............................................720
                           b. Direct Infringement by BASF ..................................................721
                           c. Inducement of Infringement by Monsanto and BASF ..............................722
                           d. Willfulness ..................................................................722
                        2. Invalidity ......................................................................723
                     D. Analysis ...........................................................................723
                        1. Infringement ....................................................................723
                           a. Claim Construction ...........................................................723
                           b. Application of the Claims to Accused Process .................................729
                              1) The "Stain-Resistant" Limitation ..........................................729
                              2) Claim 1, Step (a) .........................................................731
                              3) Claim 1, Step (b) .........................................................731
                              4) Claim 1, Step (c) .........................................................732
                              5) Claim 2 ...................................................................732
                              6) Claim 3 ...................................................................732
                              7) Claim 5 ...................................................................732
                              8) Conclusion ................................................................732
                           c. Statutory Bases for Liability ................................................733
                              1) Direct Infringement .......................................................733
                                 a) ULTRON SD ..............................................................733
                                 b) LEXES ..................................................................734
                                 c) CAMALON ................................................................735
                              2) Inducement of Infringement ................................................735
                                 a) Inducement by Monsanto .................................................736
                                 b) Inducement by BASF .....................................................738
                              3) Willfulness ...............................................................740
                                 a) Monsanto ...............................................................740
                                 b) BASF ...................................................................743
                        2. Invalidity ......................................................................744
                           a. Monsanto's and BASF's Assertion of Invalidity Based Upon Prior
                               Invention ...................................................................744
                
                                                                                                           Page
                           b. Monsanto's and BASF's Assertion of Invalidity Based Upon
                               Anticipation by Burlone Example 9 ...........................................748
                           c. Monsanto's and BASF's Assertion of Invalidity Based Upon
                               Obviousness .................................................................750
                              1) Level of Ordinary Skill in the Art ........................................750
                              2) Scope and Content of the Prior Art ........................................751
                                 a) Prior Art Solution Dyed Nylon ..........................................751
                                 b) Prior Art Acid Dye Stain-Resistance ....................................752
                              3) Differences Between the Prior Art and the Anton Patent ....................754
                              4) Secondary Considerations ..................................................761
                                 a) Unexpected Results .....................................................761
                                    1. Did the Anton Process Yield Unexpected Results? .....................762
                                    2. DuPont's Statements to the PTO about the Prior Art in
                                        Support of its Claim of Unexpected Results .........................763
                                 b) Commercial Success .....................................................766
                                 c) Independent Simultaneous Invention .....................................768
                                 d) Other Secondary Considerations .........................................769
                              5) Conclusion â   Obviousness ............................................769
                           d. Conclusion â   Invalidity ................................................770
                     E. Attorneys' Fees ....................................................................770
                

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1 books & journal articles
  • The Incredibly Ever-Shrinking Theory of Joint Infringement: Multi-Actor Method Claims
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