Eisenberg v. Trad Television Corp.

• Decision Date: 27 October 1952
• Docket Number: No. A--375,A--375
• Citation: 22 N.J.Super. 332,92 A.2d 50
• Parties: EISENBERG et al. v. TRAD TELEVISION CORP.
• Court: New Jersey Superior Court — Appellate Division

Page 332

22 N.J.Super. 332

92 A.2d 50

EISENBERG et al. v. TRAD TELEVISION CORP.

No. A--375.

Superior Court of New Jersey, Appellate Division.

Argued Oct. 6, 1952.

Decided Oct. 27, 1952.

Michael G. Alenick, Newark, argued the cause for plaintiffs-respondents.

E. Alexander Edelstein, Asbury Park, argued the cause for defendant-appellant (Edelstein & Edelstein, Asbury Park, attorneys).

Before Judges JAYNE, PROCTOR and SCHETTINO.

The opinion of the court was delivered by

PROCTOR, J.S.C. (temporarily assigned).

Defendant, Trad Television Corporation, appeals from an order denying its application to amend its counterclaim and from a judgment dismissing the counterclaim.

Plaintiffs instituted an action against the defendant corporation and its employee, Christopher, for malicious prosecution. The criminal charge on which the action was based arose out of a transaction in which the defendant corporation sold certain merchandise to Whitehall Television Company to be paid for on delivery; the plaintiffs were officers of the Whitehall company and in payment gave to defendant's employee a corporate check signed by them which the bank later returned with a notation 'Insufficient Funds.' Both defendants filed answers and the defendant corporation filed a counterclaim based on fraud, alleging as damages the price of the merchandise. Plaintiffs moved to dismiss the counterclaim and the defendant moved to amend it. From the order and judgment entered in favor of the plaintiffs on both motions defendant corporation appeals. The record discloses no disposition of the action for malicious prosecution and at the oral argument the pendency of the action was admitted.

At the outset, we must determine whether an appeal lies from the above mentioned order and judgment.

Rule 4:2--1 provides that appeals may be taken to this court from final judgments. A 'final judgment' under this rule has been construed to be a final disposition of the case, not only as to all issues but as to all parties. Petersen v. Falzarano, 6 N.J. 447, 452--453, 79 A.2d 50 (1951). But where, as in the present case, the action embraces multiple claims, and only one of them has been adjudicated, the above rule must be considered together with Rule 3:54--2, which follows:

'When more than one claim for relief is presented in an action, whether as a claim, counterclaim, cross-claim, or third-party claim, The court may direct the entry of a final judgment upon one or more, but less than all of the claims, only upon An express determination that there is no just reason for delay and upon an express direction for the entry of judgment. In the absence of such determination and direction, any order or other form of decision, however designated, which adjudicates lese than all the claims shall not terminate the action as to any of the claims, and the order or other form of decision is subject to revision at any time before the entry of judgment adjudicating all the claims.' (Italics supplied.)

This rule is identical with the Federal Rule 54(b), 28 U.S.C.A., as amended March 19, 1948. The amendment to the federal rule was adopted because of conflicting federal decisions relating to the finality of judgments, which resulted in litigants being forced to appeal each order or judgment separately to avoid Inter alia the risk of the expiration of the time for appeal. In order to remove such uncertainty and to reduce the number of piecemeal appeals, the rule as amended furnishes an objective test as to such judgments that are not appealable prior to the final disposition of the entire case. 56 Yale Law 141 (1946). See Federal Advisory Committee Notes On Amended Rule 54(b), reprinted in 2 Waltzinger, New Jersey Practice, 864 (1949). The federal courts have held judgments of dismissal of counterclaims to be within the rule....