Elkhart Co-op. Equity Exchange v. Hicks

• Decision Date: 20 December 1991
• Docket Number: No. 66517,66517
• Citation: 823 P.2d 223,16 Kan.App.2d 336
• Parties: ELKHART COOPERATIVE EQUITY EXCHANGE, Appellee, v. Noel HICKS, Appellant.
• Court: Kansas Court of Appeals

Page 223

823 P.2d 223

16 Kan.App.2d 336

ELKHART COOPERATIVE EQUITY EXCHANGE, Appellee, v. Noel HICKS, Appellant.

No. 66517.

Court of Appeals of Kansas.

Dec. 20, 1991.

Syllabus by the Court

1. A hearing in aid of execution of a judgment is not a new and separate proceeding, but merely a continuation of the underlying action.

2. Once a district court obtains subject matter jurisdiction over a case and personal jurisdiction over the parties to such case, jurisdiction continues until the judgment is fully satisfied.

3. After a party submits to the personal jurisdiction of a district court, service of an order to appear for a hearing in aid of execution by certified mail is proper. K.S.A. 60-102 specifically provides that "[t]he provisions of [the rules of civil procedure] shall be liberally construed to secure the just, speedy and inexpensive determination of every action or proceeding."

Robert M. Miles of Smith & Miles, Chartered, Liberal, for appellant.

John Richardson of Graybill & Richardson, Elkhart, for appellee.

Before RULON, P.J., and DAVIS, J., and JAMES P. BUCHELE, District Judge, assigned.

RULON, Presiding Judge:

Noel Hicks, defendant, an Oklahoma resident, challenges the jurisdiction of a Kansas district court to require him to appear for a hearing in aid of execution and to bring to that hearing nonexempt property located in Oklahoma. We affirm in part and reverse in part.

The parties submitted this action to the district court for trial on an agreed statement of facts approved by the court. A brief summary of the agreed facts follows.

Defendant contracted to purchase goods and services from the plaintiff, Elkhart Cooperative Equity Exchange, a cooperative association authorized to do business in Kansas. On March 20, 1990, plaintiff sued defendant in Morton County District Court for $20,213.60 that defendant owed on an open account. Defendant filed an answer and a confession of judgment on May 16, 1990, which stated that the defendant " 'subjects himself to the personal jurisdiction of the Court.' " On December 5, 1990, the district court entered judgment for plaintiff based on the pleadings. Soon thereafter, plaintiff filed an application for examination of the judgment debtor, claiming plaintiff was without sufficient knowledge of defendant's assets in order to execute its judgment.

On December 17, 1990, the district court ordered defendant to appear and answer on January 25, 1991, as to his assets. A copy of the application and notice of the hearing were sent by certified mail to defendant in Oklahoma. The hearing was continued until February 5, 1991, because defendant asked for additional time to gather the information and documents the plaintiff requested for the examination. However, the defendant failed to appear before the district court on February 5, 1991, and the court ordered defendant to show cause why he should not be found in contempt. On February 19, 1991, defendant personally appeared in court, for the first time with an attorney, and objected to the jurisdiction of a Kansas district court to order a nonresident to appear with certain nonexempt property for a hearing in aid of execution when the order was served by certified mail on the nonresident in another state.

The district court essentially reached the following conclusions: (1) The defendant had voluntarily submitted to personal jurisdiction according to the terms of his answer to the plaintiff's petition; (2) service of the order to appear under K.S.A.1990 Supp. 60-2419 by certified mail was sufficient to provide notice of the nature of the action and time and place to appear; and (3) the defendant should surrender to Kansas officials certain nonexempt property (or documents of title to said property) located in Oklahoma.

ORDER TO APPEAR

Defendant contends that a Kansas court does not have jurisdiction over an Oklahoma resident for the purpose of supplementary proceedings to collect a debt he owes to a Kansas plaintiff. Specifically, the defendant admits he voluntarily submitted to personal jurisdiction in the underlying action, but when the plaintiff took steps to collect the judgment, the defendant claimed the court had no authority to order him to appear in Kansas for a hearing in aid of execution, pursuant to K.S.A.1990 Supp. 60-2419.

Kansas has not directly addressed the question of whether a court retains personal jurisdiction over a nonresident to order him to appear for a debtor's examination. Case law in other jurisdictions, discussing statutes similar to K.S.A.1990 Supp. 60-2419, hinges on whether the courts treat a debtor's examination as supplemental, auxiliary to, and part of the underlying action, or as a separate and independent proceeding. See Sechtem and Niceswanger, Bringing the Nonresident Judgment Debtor Back to Kansas, 59 J.K.B.A. 25, 26-27 (1990).

"The majority of courts which have addressed this issue hold that a debtor's examination, like all proceedings supplemental to an execution, is auxiliary to and a continuation of the original cause." 59 J.K.B.A. at 27. See, e.g., American State Bank of Dickinson v. Stoltz, 345 N.W.2d 365, 367 (N.D.1984) (proceeding in aid of Although no Kansas cases specifically address this issue, previous case law indicates to us that we should adopt the majority view that a debtor's examination hearing is a continuation of the original cause of action. In In re Morris, 39 Kan. 28, 18 P. 171 (1888), our Supreme Court held that once a trial court obtains jurisdiction over a case and the parties, such jurisdiction continues until the judgment is fully satisfied. 39 Kan. at 30, 18 P. 171. Moreover, in Teats v. Bank, 58 Kan. 721, 724, 51 P. 219 (1897), the Supreme Court held that the trial court was authorized to order a Kansas judgment debtor, who had moved to another county, to appear for a debtor's examination. "[T]he court had full jurisdiction to make the examination which was made, and it was the clear duty of the defendant to appear and submit to such examination. By leaving the county, [the debtor] certainly did not deprive the court of jurisdiction over her." 58 Kan. at 724, 51 P. 219.

                execution is not a new, separate action, but merely a proceeding in pending action against judgment debtor).  A minority of courts view the debtor's examination as a separate statutory action that is no part of the underlying action.  "In those states that treat a debtor's examination as a new and independent action, the trial court must reestablish its personal jurisdiction over the judgment debtor before the debtor's examination will be approved."   59 J.K.B.A. at 27
                

K.S.A.1990 Supp. 60-2419 specifically addresses nonresident debtors, indicating that the legislature contemplated that nonresident debtors could be brought into this state for further proceedings:

"When an execution against the judgment debtor or one of several debtors in the same judgment issued to the sheriff of the county where the debtor resides or, if the debtor does not reside in the state, to the sheriff of the county where judgment was rendered or a transcript of the judgment has been...