Estate of Webb, In re

• Decision Date: 26 December 1996
• Docket Number: No. 1-95-2010,1-95-2010
• Citation: Estate of Webb, In re, 675 N.E.2d 192, 286 Ill.App.3d 99, 221 Ill.Dec. 285 (Ill. App. 1996)
• Court: Appellate Court of Illinois
• Parties: , 221 Ill.Dec. 285 In re ESTATE OF Anthony Terrell WEBB, Lisa Webb, and Ballard Lamar Webb, (Rose Carter a/k/a Rose Carter Webb, Petitioner-Appellant, v. Margaret Webb, Respondent-Appellee.)

Page 192

675 N.E.2d 192

286 Ill.App.3d 99, 221 Ill.Dec. 285

In re ESTATE OF Anthony Terrell WEBB, Lisa Webb, and Ballard Lamar Webb, (Rose Carter a/k/a Rose Carter Webb Petitioner-Appellant, v. Margaret Webb Respondent-Appellee.)

No. 1-95-2010.

Appellate Court of Illinois First District, Fourth Division.

Dec. 26, 1996.

Equip for Quality, Inc., Chicago (Michael F. Figueras, of counsel), for Petitioner-Appellant.

Loyola University Chicago Community Law Center, Chicago (Maria T. Cenzon Theresa C. Ceko of counsel), for Respondent-Appellee.

Justice CERDA delivered the opinion of the court:

Petitioner, Rose Carter, also known as Rose Carter Webb, appeals from a judgment in favor of respondent, Margaret Webb, in petitioner's action to terminate respondent's guardianship of petitioner's minor children Anthony Terrell Webb and Ballard Lamar Webb. Margaret Webb is the grandmother of the minor children.

I. Facts

On June 9, 1986, respondent, Margaret Webb, filed a petition in the probate division of the circuit court of Cook County seeking to be appointed guardian of the minor children of petitioner, Rose Carter, and Lamar Webb, who was respondent's son: Anthony Terrell Webb, who was born October 23, 1983; Lisa Rose Webb, who was born on November 26, 1984; and Ballard Lamar Webb, who was born on January 7, 1986. The petition alleged that the children and petitioner lived with respondent and that respondent needed guardianship in order to receive additional public assistance and medical care and to enroll the children in school.

Petitioner and the children's father consented to the appointment of respondent as guardian of the person of the minors, which was ordered by the court on June 9, 1986.

On March 3, 1989, petitioner petitioned to discharge respondent as guardian. The petition to discharge was granted on December 4, 1990, only with respect to Lisa. Seven years after the appointment, on June 1, 1993, petitioner filed a second petition to discharge the guardian. The petition was amended on November 3, 1994.

Petitioner submitted a brief to the trial court in which she argued that the court should make a ruling at the outset that the burden of proof was on respondent to rebut a presumption that it was in the children's best interests to be in the custody of their mother. The trial court refused and instead ruled that "the burden of proof and to proceed first regarding the best interests of the children" was on petitioner, the mother.

On May 12, 1995, after a hearing, the trial court denied the petition to discharge respondent as guardian. The trial court found that it was in the best interest and welfare of the children to have the guardianship continue with Margaret Webb.

II. Discussion

Petitioner argues on appeal that the trial court erred in placing the burden of proof on her and in not placing the burden of proof on respondent to overturn the presumption that the natural parent has superior rights over third parties to her children.

Section 23--2 of the Probate Act of 1975 (the Probate Act) provides for several causes for which a court may remove a guardian, including good cause. 755 ILCS 5/23--2(a)(10) (West 1994). The Act does not address the burden of proof issue presented in this case.

In In re Custody of Townsend, 86 Ill.2d 502, 56 Ill.Dec. 685, 427 N.E.2d 1231 (1981), a minor's relative appealed from the appellate court's order awarding custody of a child to the father. The trial court was held to have erred at the very outset of the hearing by stating that the burden was on the father. Townsend, 86 Ill.2d at 514, 56 Ill.Dec. 685, 427 N.E.2d 1231. The custody decision was reversed on the basis that the trial court incorrectly placed the burden on the child's father. Townsend, 86 Ill.2d at 515-16, 56 Ill.Dec. 685, 427 N.E.2d 1231. The court held that the burden of proof on the issue of custody was on third parties:

"a third party seeking to obtain or retain custody of a child over the superior right of the natural parent must demonstrate good cause or reason to overcome the presumption that a parent has a superior right to custody and further must show that it is in the child's best interests that the third party be awarded the care, custody and control of the minor." (Emphasis added.) Townsend, 86 Ill.2d at 510-11, 56 Ill.Dec. 685, 427 N.E.2d 1231.

Although Townsend involved an initial custody determination, the court also stated in the above excerpt the burden of proof for cases where a third party seeks to retain custody. Subsequent cases from other districts have applied Townsend where parents sought a change of custody. In re Estate of Wadman, 110 Ill.App.3d 302, 66 Ill.Dec. 61, 442 N.E.2d 333 (4th Dist.1982); In re Custody of Walters, 174 Ill.App.3d 949, 124 Ill.Dec. 488, 529 N.E.2d 308 (3rd Dist.1988).

In Wadman, 110 Ill.App.3d 302, 66 Ill.Dec. 61, 442 N.E.2d 333, guardians were appointed for a child, and the natural mother successfully petitioned to...