Ex parte Melendez
| Decision Date | 27 August 1938 |
| Citation | 98 F.2d 791 |
| Parties | Ex parte MELENDEZ. |
| Court | U.S. Court of Appeals — Ninth Circuit |
George Melendez, in pro. per.
This is an application for leave to appeal from an order denying writ of habeas corpus and for a certificate of probable cause essential thereto in the case of a conviction under a state law.
Petitioner claims that the provisions of law (§ 1168 of the Penal Code of California, as amended in 1931, St.1931, p. 1053) are invalid as to him because ex post facto.
The crime of which he was convicted was committed September 18, 1928. The conviction was January 7, 1929, and the sentence the same date. He was delivered to the warden of the penitentiary on January 12, 1929. On May 12, 1932 the State Board of Prison Directors fixed his sentence at 12 years, the sentence of the Court having been for the term provided by law. On September 13, 1935 the order fixing the term of petitioner at 12 years was revoked and his credits for good conduct were declared forfeited and the term fixed for 25 years. This latter order was avowedly under authority of the amendments of § 1168 of the California Penal Code passed in 1931 after the petitioner's offense was committed.
The petitioner contends that this latter order, although authorized by the terms of § 1168 of the Penal Code of California, was invalid because the provisions thereof which authorized the modification of a sentence which had once been fixed by the State Board of Prison Directors was, as to him, ex post facto and therefore invalid. Petitioner also contends that the order fixing his term at 12 years was invalid because at that time the provisions of § 1168 which authorized the sentence had been repealed by the amendment thereto in 1931.
It will be observed that if the order of the court sentencing the petitioner to the period prescribed by law, which in his case would be for life imprisonment (In re Lee, 177 Cal. 690, 171 P. 958), is in effect the petitioner has not yet served his sentence; that whether the sentence of the State Board of Prison Directors for 12 years was under the terms of § 1168 as they stood at the time the petitioner committed the offense for which he was convicted or under the provisions of the law as amended in 1931, the sentence is valid unless the effect of the statute of 1931 amending the law repealed the provisions authorizing the 12-year sentence. This sentence, if valid, has not yet expired, and the petitioner is not entitled to his release until that time. The application, insofar as intended to test the validity of the 25-year sentence under the new law, is premature.
The petitioner alleges that he has presented his application for writ of habeas corpus to the Superior Court of the county in which he is confined, to the District Court of Appeal for that district, and to the Supreme Court of the State of California, and that in each instance his application has been denied without an opinion; that he made a similar application to the United States District Court of the District in which he is confined and that his application was denied...
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