Ex parte Newsome

• Decision Date: 20 November 1924
• Docket Number: 3 Div. 685
• Citation: 212 Ala. 168,102 So. 216
• Parties: Ex parte NEWSOME.
• Court: Alabama Supreme Court

102 So. 216

212 Ala. 168

Ex parte NEWSOME.

3 Div. 685

Supreme Court of Alabama

November 20, 1924

Original petition by Jesse Newsome for writ of prohibition to H.M Blue, as Judge of the Juvenile Court of Montgomery County. Demurrers overruled, and writ granted.

Hill Hill, Whiting, Thomas & Rives, of Montgomery, for respondent.

MILLER J.

This is a petition for writ of prohibition presented by Jesse Newcome to this court to prohibit the judge of the juvenile court of Montgomery from collecting from him $2 per week for the support of his alleged child, pending an appeal to the circuit court from a judgment of conviction of petitioner for the nonsupport of the child, and to prevent the judge from punishing him for contempt, upon his failure to pay the $2 weekly, pending the appeal. The judge of the juvenile court demurs to, and without waiving it answers, the petition.

It appears from the petition and the admissions of the answer that petitioner, Jesse Newsome, was arrested under warrant issued by this judge on affidavit charging that he aided encouraged, or caused, or contributed in causing, Martha King, a female under 18 years of age, to become dependent neglected, or delinquent. The affidavit on which the warrant issued was sworn out by Martha King on April 14, 1924. He was tried on June 2, 1924, by this juvenile court, convicted of this offense, and "fined $100 and sentenced to 12 months' hard labor for the county, same suspended, if marriage takes place." The petitioner on June 11, 1924, appealed from this judgment to the circuit court of Montgomery county, and gave bond for his appearance in that court. On August 13, 1924, Martha King by affidavit charged the petitioner with nonsupport of her, his wife, and nonsupport and maintenance of his child. He was arrested on this charge, and was tried on August 30, 1924, in the juvenile court. The petitioner pleaded former jeopardy, the conviction for the offense of "contributing to the delinquency" of Martha King in abatement of this charge--on which issue the court found in favor of the state--and on the plea of not guilty found the defendant guilty, fined him $100, and sentenced him to perform hard labor for the county for a period of 12 months as additional punishment for the offense. He appealed to the circuit court from this judgment on August 30, 1924, and gave bond for his appearance in that court. After this appeal was taken the court ordered, on motion of the probation officer, that Jesse Newsome, pending his said appeal to the circuit court for the support of his alleged offspring, "pay to this court the sum of $2 per week pending said appeal, that said payments shall be made commencing Monday, September 1, 1924, upon his failure so [to] do, that he is in contempt of court."

It appears, as admitted, that Martha King and Jesse Newsome were never married, each is single, each is under 18 years of age, and that Martha King has one child (a baby), the child in question; and, on the hearing of these criminal charges from the evidence, the court found that Jesse Newsome was the father of the illegitimate child.

This petitioner by this petition seeks to secure a permanent writ of prohibition to prevent the judge of the juvenile court from collecting from him this $2 per week for the support of this alleged illegitimate child pending this appeal, and to prevent him from imprisoning him for contempt of court upon his failure to pay it; and petitioner contends that he is entitled to it on five grounds. viz.: (1) He was improperly convicted of this last offense, as he was found guilty thereof in the first offense charged, and his plea of former jeopardy should have been sustained. (2) The court, without authority and unlawfully, required petitioner to pay $2 per week for the support of this illegitimate child, pending his appeal, and held him guilty of contempt of court if he failed to pay it. (3) The Act of 1919, p. 176, under which petitioner was tried and convicted, was repealed by the Act of 1920, p. 76, creating this juvenile court. (4) This Act of 1920, p. 76, contravenes section 45 of the Constitution of 1901, in that its title contains one subject and its body more than one subject. (5) This is a local law for Montgomery county, passed under the guise of a general law, on population basis of counties, and was not advertised, as required by section 106 of the Constitution of 1901, and and is therefore unconstitutional and void.

We will discuss and consider the contentions of the petitioner in the order named above. The first offense for which he was convicted was "contributing to the delinquency" of Martha King, a girl under 18 years of age, unmarried. The second offense for which he was convicted was the nonsupport of his minor child, as the statute provides. These two offenses are distinct and separate; they grow out of separate acts, or failing to act. The former is an offense for an act contributing to the delinquency of a girl under 18 years of age (the elements constituting it are set out in the statute), and the latter is for failing to act, willfully neglecting, or refusing to provide, as a parent, for the support and maintenance of his child under 18 years of age, without lawful excuse, it being then and there in destitute or necessitous circumstances. The former concerns a girl, the mother of the child; the latter concerns the child, and both offenses are prescribed separately by the statutes. The petitioner could be guilty of one and not guilty of the other. They are not the same offenses. The court did not err in finding in favor of the state on the pleas of former jeopardy filed by the defendant, the petitioner. Moore v. State, 71 Ala. 307; section 9, Const. of 1901, p. 233, vol. 1, Code 1923, and authorities there cited.

The petitioner appealed to the circuit court from the conviction of both offenses. Did the court err in ordering that, pending the appeal in the last case, nonsupport of the child, he pay $2 per week for its support, and, "upon his failure so [to] do, that he is in contempt of court?"

This statute (section 4, p. 180, Acts 1919) specially provides:

"The judge of said court may enter such temporary orders as may seem just, providing for the support of the neglected wife or children, or both, pendente lite, and may punish for violation of such order as for contempt, as provided by law for the punishment of contempts of the court in which such case is pending."

This court, in State ex rel. Sellers v. Murphy, 207 Ala. 290, 92 So. 661, held this section (section 4 of the Acts of 1919, p. 180) did not violate the defendant's right, under the Constitution, to a jury trial, and that the court could thereunder provide for the support of the neglected child pending an appeal from a judgment of conviction. So, under this section and authority, we must hold the court could legally fix a reasonable amount to be paid by a parent for the support of his child pending an appeal; the amount fixed to be suitable to the parent's estate and the condition in life of the parties. The court erred in holding petitioner guilty of contempt of court, if he failed to pay the $2 weekly. If he failed to comply with the order, then he should, on proper application, be cited to appear and show cause, if any, why he should not be adjudged in contempt of court for failing to do so. He may have a legal excuse for failing to comply with the order to pay. This prejudges him--declares him guilty for failing to pay without giving him an opportunity in court to show cause, if any, for his failure. In that part of the order the court erred. Ex parte Cairns, 209 Ala. 358, h.n. 6, 96 So. 246; Ex parte Eubank, 206 Ala. 8, h.n. 4, 89 So. 656.

Did the court err in requiring and ordering him to pay $2 per week for the support of this child, pending the appeal, when the evidence shows that the child is an illegitimate child of Martha King, an unmarried girl, and the petitioner is an unmarried boy, each under 18 years of age, although the court found...