First State Bank of Thompson Falls v. Larsen
| Decision Date | 19 February 1925 |
| Docket Number | 5604. |
| Citation | 233 P. 960,72 Mont. 400 |
| Parties | FIRST STATE BANK OF THOMPSON FALLS v. LARSEN. |
| Court | Montana Supreme Court |
Appeal from District Court, Sanders County; James M. Self, Judge.
Action by the First State Bank of Thompson Falls against L. C Larsen. From a judgment for plaintiff, and from certain orders, defendant appeals. Modified and affirmed.
Thomas N. Marlowe, of Missoula, for appellant.
A. S Ainsworth, of Thompson Falls, for respondent.
In March, 1919, respondent filed its complaint, stating two separate causes of action; the first on a promissory note for $210, the second on a note for $50. Answering, appellant admitted the execution of the notes and set up an affirmative defense, which was denied by reply. After two mistrials the cause was tried to a jury and verdict rendered for appellant on the first cause of action, and for the respondent on the second cause of action. Each party filed a memorandum of costs, and each moved to tax costs. The trial court held that neither party was entitled to recover costs, and a judgment was entered for respondent for $50, with interest, but without costs, and judgment for appellant according to the verdict. Respondent appealed from the judgment against it but did not appeal from the judgment in its favor. On the appeal the judgment was reversed and the cause remanded, for a new trial. First State Bank of Thompson Falls v. Larsen, 65 Mont. 407, 211 P. 214. Remittitur was filed on January 24, 1924.
Some time in February, 1924, the cause was set for trial for March 4, 1924, and the clerk of the court notified the attorney of record for appellant, then residing in Missoula, of the setting. On February 13th counsel notified appellant at Thompson Falls. On March 4th the cause was regularly called for trial. The respondent and its counsel, being present, announced that they were ready; but neither appellant nor his counsel appeared. Respondent thereupon waived jury trial and submitted its proof on each of the causes of action set out in the complaint. The court announced its finding for the respondent, and caused judgment to be entered for the full sum of $518.50, with $291.49 costs and $150 attorney's fees.
On March 17, 1924, appellant through his present counsel moved to vacate and set aside the judgment on the ground of his mistake, surprise, and excusable neglect. In his affidavit in support of the motion appellant sets up the letter received from his attorney of record in the case and a copy of his reply thereto, and alleges that he had had no notice of the reversal of the former judgment, and assumed that the "trial" referred to by his counsel was the hearing on appeal in Helena. In his reply he asks his counsel whether it would be necessary for him to go to Helena and, in answer to a suggestion that he go to Missoula to talk over the case, promised to do so "within 10 days." He further states that he wrote a second letter, but received no reply to either, and assumed that it was not necessary for him to go to Helena.
The motion was denied. Thereafter appellant moved the court to modify the judgment by striking out the items of costs and attorney's fees. This motion was also denied. Before the motion was submitted, however, on motion of respondent and over the objection of appellant, the court corrected the minute entry of March 4, 1924, to show what took place on the calling of the case.
The appeal is from the judgment and from certain special orders made after judgment in denying appellant's several motions. The specifications of error are:
(1) The judgment cannot be sustained in whole by the evidence, or any possible evidence.
(2) The court erred in giving judgment for the plaintiff and against the defendant.
(3) The court erred in denying and overruling defendant's motion to vacate and set aside the judgment.
(4) The court erred in allowing plaintiff to recover costs.
(5) The court erred in denying plaintiff's motion to vacate and modify the judgment by disallowing plaintiff's costs.
(6) The court erred in allowing plaintiff to amend the minute record of March 4, 1924.
1. Specifications 1 and 2 attack the judgment on the ground that respondent already had a judgment on its second cause of action. There is nothing in the record made before the court to show such fact. Respondent merely made formal proof of the execution and delivery of the notes, that it was then the legal owner and holder thereof and the amounts due thereon, with rate of interest, under the original allegations of the complaint. This proof made a prima facie case, entitling respondent to judgment.
Res adjudicata is a matter of defense, and must be taken advantage of either in pleading or by proof. 15 R. C. L. 1045, § 524, and cases cited.
No amendment was made to the pleadings after the former trial and entry of judgment; no proof was introduced on the trial indicating that the case had ever been theretofore tried; nor was the matter brought to the attention of the trial court on the motion to vacate the judgment, or in any other manner, subsequent to the entry of judgment. The judgment was therefore not open to the attack made upon it.
2. The motion to vacate and set aside the judgment was made pursuant to the provisions of section 9187, Revised Codes of 1921, which reads, in part, as follows:
"The court may, in furtherance of justice * * * in its discretion * * * relieve a party * * * from a judgment * * * taken against him through his mistake, inadvertence, surprise, or excusable neglect," etc.
The showing made by appellant of his mistake as to the nature and place of the trial mentioned in the letter from his counsel might be excusable; but that showing also discloses neglect on his part in not going to Missoula to consult with his attorney as he agreed, and in failing to ascertain whether his attorney was going to attend to the matter, after receiving no reply from his counsel, with no excuse offered for the neglect. Further, his own showing is of absolute neglect on the part of his attorney, with no attempt to explain or excuse such neglect. He does not even show an attempt to secure an affidavit from his attorney as to whether or not the attorney received his letters, or why he did not appear at the trial.
The neglect of an attorney is attributable to, and is the neglect of, his client, and the client can only be relieved from the consequence of the attorney's neglect on a showing which would excuse the client under like circumstances. Thomas v. Chambers, 14 Mont. 423, 36 P. 814; Scilley v. Babcock, 39 Mont. 536, 104 P. 677; St. Germain v. Vollmer, 68 Mont. 264, 216 P. 788. See, also, note, 80 Am. St. Rep. 264. The relief, or a denial thereof, lies within the discretion of the court, and a reversal of its order can only be had upon a showing of abuse of that discretion. Pacific Acceptance Corp. v. McCue, 70 Mont. ---, 228 P. 761. No such abuse has been shown.
3. Assignments 4 and 5 deal with the same subject-matter; i. e., costs included in the judgment.
The only question presented to the trial court on appellant's motion to vacate and modify the judgment was the legality of the inclusion in the judgment of the item of $291.49, costs.
(a) On the former trial, on motion to have the costs taxed as provided for in section 9803, Revised Codes of 1921, the court denied respondent its costs and entered...
To continue reading
Request your trial